dont cache deps

- Fix OSError when trying to get source code of lambda functions in guardrail events
- Gracefully handle lambdas and built-in functions by showing placeholder text

.github/workflows/build-uv-cache.yml

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install dependencies and populate cache
         run: |
           echo "Building global UV cache for Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}..."
-          uv sync --all-groups --all-extras --no-install-project
+          uv sync --all-groups --all-extras
           echo "Cache populated successfully"
 
       - name: Save uv caches

.github/workflows/codeql.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+# For most projects, this workflow file will not need changing; you simply need
+# to commit it to your repository.
+#
+# You may wish to alter this file to override the set of languages analyzed,
+# or to provide custom queries or build logic.
+#
+# ******** NOTE ********
+# We have attempted to detect the languages in your repository. Please check
+# the `language` matrix defined below to confirm you have the correct set of
+# supported CodeQL languages.
+#
+name: "CodeQL Advanced"
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [ "main" ]
+    paths-ignore:
+      - "src/crewai/cli/templates/**"
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [ "main" ]
+    paths-ignore:
+      - "src/crewai/cli/templates/**"
+
+jobs:
+  analyze:
+    name: Analyze (${{ matrix.language }})
+    # Runner size impacts CodeQL analysis time. To learn more, please see:
+    #   - https://gh.io/recommended-hardware-resources-for-running-codeql
+    #   - https://gh.io/supported-runners-and-hardware-resources
+    #   - https://gh.io/using-larger-runners (GitHub.com only)
+    # Consider using larger runners or machines with greater resources for possible analysis time improvements.
+    runs-on: ${{ (matrix.language == 'swift' && 'macos-latest') || 'ubuntu-latest' }}
+    permissions:
+      # required for all workflows
+      security-events: write
+
+      # required to fetch internal or private CodeQL packs
+      packages: read
+
+      # only required for workflows in private repositories
+      actions: read
+      contents: read
+
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+        - language: actions
+          build-mode: none
+        - language: python
+          build-mode: none
+        # CodeQL supports the following values keywords for 'language': 'actions', 'c-cpp', 'csharp', 'go', 'java-kotlin', 'javascript-typescript', 'python', 'ruby', 'rust', 'swift'
+        # Use `c-cpp` to analyze code written in C, C++ or both
+        # Use 'java-kotlin' to analyze code written in Java, Kotlin or both
+        # Use 'javascript-typescript' to analyze code written in JavaScript, TypeScript or both
+        # To learn more about changing the languages that are analyzed or customizing the build mode for your analysis,
+        # see https://docs.github.com/en/code-security/code-scanning/creating-an-advanced-setup-for-code-scanning/customizing-your-advanced-setup-for-code-scanning.
+        # If you are analyzing a compiled language, you can modify the 'build-mode' for that language to customize how
+        # your codebase is analyzed, see https://docs.github.com/en/code-security/code-scanning/creating-an-advanced-setup-for-code-scanning/codeql-code-scanning-for-compiled-languages
+    steps:
+    - name: Checkout repository
+      uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+    # Add any setup steps before running the `github/codeql-action/init` action.
+    # This includes steps like installing compilers or runtimes (`actions/setup-node`
+    # or others). This is typically only required for manual builds.
+    # - name: Setup runtime (example)
+    #   uses: actions/setup-example@v1
+
+    # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
+    - name: Initialize CodeQL
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@v3
+      with:
+        languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
+        build-mode: ${{ matrix.build-mode }}
+        # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
+        # By default, queries listed here will override any specified in a config file.
+        # Prefix the list here with "+" to use these queries and those in the config file.
+
+        # For more details on CodeQL's query packs, refer to: https://docs.github.com/en/code-security/code-scanning/automatically-scanning-your-code-for-vulnerabilities-and-errors/configuring-code-scanning#using-queries-in-ql-packs
+        # queries: security-extended,security-and-quality
+
+    # If the analyze step fails for one of the languages you are analyzing with
+    # "We were unable to automatically build your code", modify the matrix above
+    # to set the build mode to "manual" for that language. Then modify this step
+    # to build your code.
+    # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
+    # 📚 See https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-workflows/workflow-syntax-for-github-actions#jobsjob_idstepsrun
+    - if: matrix.build-mode == 'manual'
+      shell: bash
+      run: |
+        echo 'If you are using a "manual" build mode for one or more of the' \
+          'languages you are analyzing, replace this with the commands to build' \
+          'your code, for example:'
+        echo '  make bootstrap'
+        echo '  make release'
+        exit 1
+
+    - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@v3
+      with:
+        category: "/language:${{matrix.language}}"

.github/workflows/linter.yml

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ jobs:
           enable-cache: false
 
       - name: Install dependencies
-        run: uv sync --all-groups --all-extras --no-install-project
+        run: uv sync --all-packages --all-extras --no-install-project
 
       - name: Get Changed Python Files
         id: changed-files

.github/workflows/tests.yml

@@ -25,17 +25,17 @@ jobs:
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0  # Fetch all history for proper diff
 
-      - name: Restore global uv cache
-        id: cache-restore
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
-        with:
-          path: |
-            ~/.cache/uv
-            ~/.local/share/uv
-            .venv
-          key: uv-main-py${{ matrix.python-version }}-${{ hashFiles('uv.lock') }}
-          restore-keys: |
-            uv-main-py${{ matrix.python-version }}-
+      # - name: Restore global uv cache
+      #   id: cache-restore
+      #   uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+      #   with:
+      #     path: |
+      #       ~/.cache/uv
+      #       ~/.local/share/uv
+      #       .venv
+      #     key: uv-main-py${{ matrix.python-version }}-${{ hashFiles('uv.lock') }}
+      #     restore-keys: |
+      #       uv-main-py${{ matrix.python-version }}-
 
       - name: Install uv
         uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
@@ -45,24 +45,24 @@ jobs:
           enable-cache: false
 
       - name: Install the project
-        run: uv sync --all-groups --all-extras
+        run: uv sync --all-packages --all-extras
 
-      - name: Restore test durations
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
-        with:
-          path: .test_durations_py*
-          key: test-durations-py${{ matrix.python-version }}
+      # - name: Restore test durations
+      #   uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+      #   with:
+      #     path: .test_durations_py*
+      #     key: test-durations-py${{ matrix.python-version }}
 
       - name: Run tests (group ${{ matrix.group }} of 8)
         run: |
           PYTHON_VERSION_SAFE=$(echo "${{ matrix.python-version }}" | tr '.' '_')
           DURATION_FILE=".test_durations_py${PYTHON_VERSION_SAFE}"
-          
+
           # Temporarily always skip cached durations to fix test splitting
           # When durations don't match, pytest-split runs duplicate tests instead of splitting
           echo "Using even test splitting (duration cache disabled until fix merged)"
           DURATIONS_ARG=""
-          
+
           # Original logic (disabled temporarily):
           # if [ ! -f "$DURATION_FILE" ]; then
           #   echo "No cached durations found, tests will be split evenly"
@@ -74,8 +74,8 @@ jobs:
           #   echo "No test changes detected, using cached test durations for optimal splitting"
           #   DURATIONS_ARG="--durations-path=${DURATION_FILE}"
           # fi
-          
-          uv run pytest \
+
+          uv run pytest lib/crewai \
             --block-network \
             --timeout=30 \
             -vv \
@@ -84,14 +84,15 @@ jobs:
             $DURATIONS_ARG \
             --durations=10 \
             -n auto \
-            --maxfail=3
+            --maxfail=3 \
+            -m "not requires_local_services"
 
-      - name: Save uv caches
-        if: steps.cache-restore.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
-        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
-        with:
-          path: |
-            ~/.cache/uv
-            ~/.local/share/uv
-            .venv
-          key: uv-main-py${{ matrix.python-version }}-${{ hashFiles('uv.lock') }}
+      # - name: Save uv caches
+      #   if: steps.cache-restore.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+      #   uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+      #   with:
+      #     path: |
+      #       ~/.cache/uv
+      #       ~/.local/share/uv
+      #       .venv
+      #     key: uv-main-py${{ matrix.python-version }}-${{ hashFiles('uv.lock') }}

.github/workflows/type-checker.yml

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ jobs:
           enable-cache: false
 
       - name: Install dependencies
-        run: uv sync --all-groups --all-extras
+        run: uv sync --all-packages --all-extras
 
       - name: Get changed Python files
         id: changed-files

.gitignore

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 .pytest_cache
 __pycache__
 dist/
-lib/
 .env
 assets/*
 .idea

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -6,14 +6,19 @@ repos:
         entry: uv run ruff check
         language: system
         types: [python]
+        files: ^lib/crewai/src/
+        exclude: ^lib/crewai/
       - id: ruff-format
         name: ruff-format
         entry: uv run ruff format
         language: system
         types: [python]
+        files: ^lib/crewai/src/
+        exclude: ^lib/crewai/
       - id: mypy
         name: mypy
         entry: uv run mypy
         language: system
         types: [python]
-        exclude: ^tests/
+        files: ^lib/crewai/src/
+        exclude: ^lib/crewai/

docs/en/changelog.mdx

@@ -5,6 +5,82 @@ icon: "clock"
 mode: "wide"
 ---
 
+<Update label="Sep 20, 2025">
+  ## v0.193.2
+
+  [View release on GitHub](https://github.com/crewAIInc/crewAI/releases/tag/0.193.2)
+
+  ## What's Changed
+
+  - Updated pyproject templates to use the right version
+
+</Update>
+
+<Update label="Sep 20, 2025">
+  ## v0.193.1
+
+  [View release on GitHub](https://github.com/crewAIInc/crewAI/releases/tag/0.193.1)
+
+  ## What's Changed
+
+  - Series of minor fixes and linter improvements
+
+</Update>
+
+<Update label="Sep 19, 2025">
+  ## v0.193.0
+
+  [View release on GitHub](https://github.com/crewAIInc/crewAI/releases/tag/0.193.0)
+
+  ## Core Improvements & Fixes
+  
+  - Fixed handling of the `model` parameter during OpenAI adapter initialization  
+  - Resolved test duration cache issues in CI workflows  
+  - Fixed flaky test related to repeated tool usage by agents  
+  - Added missing event exports to `__init__.py` for consistent module behavior  
+  - Dropped message storage from metadata in Mem0 to reduce bloat  
+  - Fixed L2 distance metric support for backward compatibility in vector search  
+
+  ## New Features & Enhancements
+  
+  - Introduced thread-safe platform context management  
+  - Added test duration caching for optimized `pytest-split` runs  
+  - Added ephemeral trace improvements for better trace control  
+  - Made search parameters for RAG, knowledge, and memory fully configurable  
+  - Enabled ChromaDB to use OpenAI API for embedding functions  
+  - Added deeper observability tools for user-level insights  
+  - Unified RAG storage system with instance-specific client support  
+
+  ## Documentation & Guides
+  
+  - Updated `RagTool` references to reflect CrewAI native RAG implementation  
+  - Improved internal docs for `langgraph` and `openai` agent adapters with type annotations and docstrings  
+
+</Update>
+
+<Update label="Sep 11, 2025">
+  ## v0.186.1
+
+  [View release on GitHub](https://github.com/crewAIInc/crewAI/releases/tag/0.186.1)
+
+  ## What's Changed
+
+  - Fixed version not being found and silently failing reversion  
+  - Bumped CrewAI version to 0.186.1 and updated dependencies in the CLI  
+
+</Update>
+
+<Update label="Sep 10, 2025">
+  ## v0.186.0
+
+  [View release on GitHub](https://github.com/crewAIInc/crewAI/releases/tag/0.186.0)
+
+  ## What's Changed
+
+  - Refer to the GitHub release notes for detailed changes
+
+</Update>
+
 <Update label="Sep 04, 2025">
   ## v0.177.0
 

docs/en/concepts/cli.mdx

@@ -404,6 +404,10 @@ crewai config reset
 After resetting configuration, re-run `crewai login` to authenticate again.
 </Tip>
 
+<Tip>
+CrewAI CLI handles authentication to the Tool Repository automatically when adding packages to your project. Just append `crewai` before any `uv` command to use it. E.g. `crewai uv add requests`. For more information, see [Tool Repository](https://docs.crewai.com/enterprise/features/tool-repository) docs.
+</Tip>
+
 <Note>
 Configuration settings are stored in `~/.config/crewai/settings.json`. Some settings like organization name and UUID are read-only and managed through authentication and organization commands. Tool repository related settings are hidden and cannot be set directly by users.
 </Note>

docs/en/enterprise/features/tool-repository.mdx

@@ -52,6 +52,36 @@ researcher = Agent(
 )
 ```
 
+## Adding other packages after installing a tool
+
+After installing a tool from the CrewAI Enterprise Tool Repository, you need to use the `crewai uv` command to add other packages to your project.
+Using pure `uv` commands will fail due to authentication to tool repository being handled by the CLI. By using the `crewai uv` command, you can add other packages to your project without having to worry about authentication.
+Any `uv` command can be used with the `crewai uv` command, making it a powerful tool for managing your project's dependencies without the hassle of managing authentication through environment variables or other methods.
+
+Say that you have installed a custom tool from the CrewAI Enterprise Tool Repository called "my-tool":
+
+```bash
+crewai tool install my-tool
+```
+
+And now you want to add another package to your project, you can use the following command:
+
+```bash
+crewai uv add requests
+```
+
+Other commands like `uv sync` or `uv remove` can also be used with the `crewai uv` command:
+
+```bash
+crewai uv sync
+```
+
+```bash
+crewai uv remove requests
+```
+
+This will add the package to your project and update `pyproject.toml` accordingly.
+
 ## Creating and Publishing Tools
 
 To create a new tool project:

docs/en/quickstart.mdx

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ Follow the steps below to get Crewing! 🚣‍♂️
   <Step title="Navigate to your new crew project">
     <CodeGroup>
       ```shell Terminal
-      cd latest-ai-development
+      cd latest_ai_development
       ```
     </CodeGroup>
   </Step>

docs/en/tools/ai-ml/ragtool.mdx

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ mode: "wide"
 
 ## Description
 
-The `RagTool` is designed to answer questions by leveraging the power of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) through EmbedChain.
+The `RagTool` is designed to answer questions by leveraging the power of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) through CrewAI's native RAG system.
 It provides a dynamic knowledge base that can be queried to retrieve relevant information from various data sources.
 This tool is particularly useful for applications that require access to a vast array of information and need to provide contextually relevant answers.
 
@@ -76,8 +76,8 @@ The `RagTool` can be used with a wide variety of data sources, including:
 The `RagTool` accepts the following parameters:
 
 - **summarize**: Optional. Whether to summarize the retrieved content. Default is `False`.
-- **adapter**: Optional. A custom adapter for the knowledge base. If not provided, an EmbedchainAdapter will be used.
-- **config**: Optional. Configuration for the underlying EmbedChain App.
+- **adapter**: Optional. A custom adapter for the knowledge base. If not provided, a CrewAIRagAdapter will be used.
+- **config**: Optional. Configuration for the underlying CrewAI RAG system.
 
 ## Adding Content
 
@@ -130,44 +130,23 @@ from crewai_tools import RagTool
 
 # Create a RAG tool with custom configuration
 config = {
-    "app": {
-        "name": "custom_app",
-    },
-    "llm": {
-        "provider": "openai",
+    "vectordb": {
+        "provider": "qdrant",
         "config": {
-            "model": "gpt-4",
+            "collection_name": "my-collection"
         }
     },
     "embedding_model": {
         "provider": "openai",
         "config": {
-            "model": "text-embedding-ada-002"
+            "model": "text-embedding-3-small"
         }
-    },
-    "vectordb": {
-        "provider": "elasticsearch",
-        "config": {
-            "collection_name": "my-collection",
-            "cloud_id": "deployment-name:xxxx",
-            "api_key": "your-key",
-            "verify_certs": False
-        }
-    },
-    "chunker": {
-        "chunk_size": 400,
-        "chunk_overlap": 100,
-        "length_function": "len",
-        "min_chunk_size": 0
     }
 }
 
 rag_tool = RagTool(config=config, summarize=True)
 ```
 
-The internal RAG tool utilizes the Embedchain adapter, allowing you to pass any configuration options that are supported by Embedchain.
-You can refer to the [Embedchain documentation](https://docs.embedchain.ai/components/introduction) for details.
-Make sure to review the configuration options available in the .yaml file.
 
 ## Conclusion
 The `RagTool` provides a powerful way to create and query knowledge bases from various data sources. By leveraging Retrieval-Augmented Generation, it enables agents to access and retrieve relevant information efficiently, enhancing their ability to provide accurate and contextually appropriate responses.

docs/ko/changelog.mdx

@@ -5,6 +5,82 @@ icon: "clock"
 mode: "wide"
 ---
 
+<Update label="2025년 9월 20일">
+  ## v0.193.2
+
+  [GitHub 릴리스 보기](https://github.com/crewAIInc/crewAI/releases/tag/0.193.2)
+
+  ## 변경 사항
+  
+  - 올바른 버전을 사용하도록 pyproject 템플릿 업데이트
+
+</Update>
+
+<Update label="2025년 9월 20일">
+  ## v0.193.1
+
+  [GitHub 릴리스 보기](https://github.com/crewAIInc/crewAI/releases/tag/0.193.1)
+
+  ## 변경 사항
+  
+  - 일련의 사소한 수정 및 린터 개선
+
+</Update>
+
+<Update label="2025년 9월 19일">
+  ## v0.193.0
+
+  [GitHub 릴리스 보기](https://github.com/crewAIInc/crewAI/releases/tag/0.193.0)
+
+  ## 핵심 개선 사항 및 수정 사항
+  
+  - OpenAI 어댑터 초기화 중 `model` 매개변수 처리 수정  
+  - CI 워크플로에서 테스트 소요 시간 캐시 문제 해결  
+  - 에이전트의 반복 도구 사용과 관련된 불안정한 테스트 수정  
+  - 일관된 모듈 동작을 위해 누락된 이벤트 내보내기를 `__init__.py`에 추가  
+  - 메타데이터 부하를 줄이기 위해 Mem0에서 메시지 저장 제거  
+  - 벡터 검색의 하위 호환성을 위해 L2 거리 메트릭 지원 수정  
+
+  ## 새로운 기능 및 향상 사항
+  
+  - 스레드 안전한 플랫폼 컨텍스트 관리 도입  
+  - `pytest-split` 실행 최적화를 위한 테스트 소요 시간 캐싱 추가  
+  - 더 나은 추적 제어를 위한 일시적(trace) 개선  
+  - RAG, 지식, 메모리 검색 매개변수를 완전 구성 가능하게 변경  
+  - ChromaDB가 임베딩 함수에 OpenAI API를 사용할 수 있도록 지원  
+  - 사용자 수준 인사이트를 위한 심화된 관찰 가능성 도구 추가  
+  - 인스턴스별 클라이언트를 지원하는 통합 RAG 스토리지 시스템  
+
+  ## 문서 및 가이드
+  
+  - CrewAI 네이티브 RAG 구현을 반영하도록 `RagTool` 참조 업데이트  
+  - 타입 주석과 도크스트링을 포함해 `langgraph` 및 `openai` 에이전트 어댑터 내부 문서 개선  
+
+</Update>
+
+<Update label="2025년 9월 11일">
+  ## v0.186.1
+
+  [GitHub 릴리스 보기](https://github.com/crewAIInc/crewAI/releases/tag/0.186.1)
+
+  ## 변경 사항
+  
+  - 버전을 찾지 못해 조용히 되돌리는(reversion) 문제 수정  
+  - CLI에서 CrewAI 버전을 0.186.1로 올리고 의존성 업데이트  
+
+</Update>
+
+<Update label="2025년 9월 10일">
+  ## v0.186.0
+
+  [GitHub 릴리스 보기](https://github.com/crewAIInc/crewAI/releases/tag/0.186.0)
+
+  ## 변경 사항
+  
+  - 자세한 변경 사항은 GitHub 릴리스 노트를 참조하세요
+
+</Update>
+
 <Update label="2025년 9월 4일">
   ## v0.177.0
 

docs/ko/quickstart.mdx

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ mode: "wide"
   <Step title="새로운 crew 프로젝트로 이동하기">
     <CodeGroup>
       ```shell Terminal
-      cd latest-ai-development
+      cd latest_ai_development
       ```
     </CodeGroup>
   </Step>

docs/pt-BR/changelog.mdx

@@ -5,6 +5,82 @@ icon: "clock"
 mode: "wide"
 ---
 
+<Update label="20 set 2025">
+  ## v0.193.2
+
+  [Ver release no GitHub](https://github.com/crewAIInc/crewAI/releases/tag/0.193.2)
+
+  ## O que Mudou
+
+  - Atualizados templates do pyproject para usar a versão correta
+
+</Update>
+
+<Update label="20 set 2025">
+  ## v0.193.1
+
+  [Ver release no GitHub](https://github.com/crewAIInc/crewAI/releases/tag/0.193.1)
+
+  ## O que Mudou
+
+  - Série de pequenas correções e melhorias de linter
+
+</Update>
+
+<Update label="19 set 2025">
+  ## v0.193.0
+
+  [Ver release no GitHub](https://github.com/crewAIInc/crewAI/releases/tag/0.193.0)
+
+  ## Melhorias e Correções Principais
+  
+  - Corrigido manuseio do parâmetro `model` durante a inicialização do adaptador OpenAI  
+  - Resolvidos problemas de cache da duração de testes nos fluxos de CI  
+  - Corrigido teste instável relacionado ao uso repetido de ferramentas pelos agentes  
+  - Adicionadas exportações de eventos ausentes no `__init__.py` para comportamento consistente do módulo  
+  - Removido armazenamento de mensagem dos metadados no Mem0 para reduzir inchaço  
+  - Corrigido suporte à métrica de distância L2 para compatibilidade retroativa na busca vetorial  
+
+  ## Novos Recursos e Melhorias
+  
+  - Introduzida gestão de contexto de plataforma com segurança de threads  
+  - Adicionado cache da duração de testes para execuções otimizadas do `pytest-split`  
+  - Melhorias de traces efêmeros para melhor controle de rastreamento  
+  - Parâmetros de busca para RAG, conhecimento e memória totalmente configuráveis  
+  - Habilitado ChromaDB para usar a OpenAI API para funções de embedding  
+  - Adicionadas ferramentas de observabilidade mais profundas para insights ao nível do usuário  
+  - Sistema de armazenamento RAG unificado com suporte a cliente específico por instância  
+
+  ## Documentação e Guias
+  
+  - Atualizadas referências do `RagTool` para refletir a implementação nativa de RAG do CrewAI  
+  - Melhorada documentação interna para adaptadores de agente `langgraph` e `openai` com anotações de tipo e docstrings  
+
+</Update>
+
+<Update label="11 set 2025">
+  ## v0.186.1
+
+  [Ver release no GitHub](https://github.com/crewAIInc/crewAI/releases/tag/0.186.1)
+
+  ## O que Mudou
+
+  - Corrigida falha silenciosa de reversão quando a versão não era encontrada  
+  - Versão do CrewAI atualizada para 0.186.1 e dependências do CLI atualizadas  
+
+</Update>
+
+<Update label="10 set 2025">
+  ## v0.186.0
+
+  [Ver release no GitHub](https://github.com/crewAIInc/crewAI/releases/tag/0.186.0)
+
+  ## O que Mudou
+
+  - Consulte as notas de lançamento no GitHub para detalhes completos
+
+</Update>
+
 <Update label="04 set 2025">
   ## v0.177.0
 

docs/pt-BR/quickstart.mdx

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ Siga os passos abaixo para começar a tripular! 🚣‍♂️
   <Step title="Navegue até o novo projeto da sua tripulação">
     <CodeGroup>
       ```shell Terminal
-      cd latest-ai-development
+      cd latest_ai_development
       ```
     </CodeGroup>
   </Step>

lib/crewai/.python-version

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+3.13

lib/crewai/pyproject.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+[project]
+name = "crewai"
+dynamic = ["version"]
+description = ""
+readme = "README.md"
+authors = [
+    { name = "Greyson Lalonde", email = "greyson.r.lalonde@gmail.com" }
+]
+keywords = [
+    "crewai",
+    "ai",
+    "agents",
+    "framework",
+    "orchestration",
+    "llm",
+    "core",
+    "typed",
+]
+classifiers = [
+    "Development Status :: 3 - Alpha",
+    "Intended Audience :: Developers",
+    "Operating System :: OS Independent",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.13",
+    "Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules",
+    "Typing :: Typed",
+]
+requires-python = ">=3.10, <3.14"
+dependencies = [
+    # Core Dependencies
+    "crewai",
+    "pydantic>=2.11.9",
+    "openai>=1.13.3",
+    "litellm==1.74.9",
+    "instructor>=1.3.3",
+    # Text Processing
+    "pdfplumber>=0.11.4",
+    "regex>=2024.9.11",
+    # Telemetry and Monitoring
+    "opentelemetry-api>=1.30.0",
+    "opentelemetry-sdk>=1.30.0",
+    "opentelemetry-exporter-otlp-proto-http>=1.30.0",
+    "tokenizers>=0.20.3",
+    "openpyxl>=3.1.5",
+    "pyvis>=0.3.2",
+    # Authentication and Security
+    "python-dotenv>=1.1.1",
+    "pyjwt>=2.9.0",
+    # Configuration and Utils
+    "click>=8.1.7",
+    "appdirs>=1.4.4",
+    "jsonref>=1.1.0",
+    "json-repair==0.25.2",
+    "tomli-w>=1.1.0",
+    "tomli>=2.0.2",
+    "blinker>=1.9.0",
+    "json5>=0.10.0",
+    "portalocker==2.7.0",
+    "chromadb~=1.1.0",
+    "pydantic-settings>=2.10.1",
+    "uv>=0.4.25",
+]
+
+[project.optional-dependencies]
+tools = [
+    "crewai-tools",
+]
+embeddings = [
+    "tiktoken~=0.8.0"
+]
+pdfplumber = [
+    "pdfplumber>=0.11.4",
+]
+pandas = [
+    "pandas>=2.2.3",
+]
+openpyxl = [
+    "openpyxl>=3.1.5",
+]
+mem0 = ["mem0ai>=0.1.94"]
+docling = [
+    "docling>=2.12.0",
+]
+aisuite = [
+    "aisuite>=0.1.10",
+]
+qdrant = [
+    "qdrant-client[fastembed]>=1.14.3",
+]
+aws = [
+    "boto3>=1.40.38",
+]
+watson = [
+    "ibm-watsonx-ai>=1.3.39",
+]
+voyageai = [
+    "voyageai>=0.3.5",
+]
+
+[project.scripts]
+crewai = "crewai.cli.cli:crewai"
+
+[project.urls]
+Homepage = "https://crewai.com"
+Documentation = "https://docs.crewai.com"
+Repository = "https://github.com/crewAIInc/crewAI"
+
+
+[tool.pytest.ini_options]
+testpaths = ["tests"]
+asyncio_mode = "strict"
+asyncio_default_fixture_loop_scope = "function"
+
+
+[build-system]
+requires = ["hatchling"]
+build-backend = "hatchling.build"
+
+[tool.hatch.version]
+path = "src/crewai/__init__.py"
+
+[tool.hatch.build.targets.wheel]
+packages = ["src/crewai"]

lib/crewai/src/crewai/__init__.py

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ def _suppress_pydantic_deprecation_warnings() -> None:
 
 _suppress_pydantic_deprecation_warnings()
 
-__version__ = "0.186.1"
+__version__ = "1.0.0a0"
 _telemetry_submitted = False
 
 

lib/crewai/src/crewai/agent.py

@@ -1,30 +1,43 @@
 import shutil
 import subprocess
 import time
+from collections.abc import Callable, Sequence
 from typing import (
     Any,
-    Callable,
-    Dict,
-    List,
     Literal,
-    Optional,
-    Sequence,
-    Tuple,
-    Type,
-    Union,
+    cast,
 )
 
 from pydantic import Field, InstanceOf, PrivateAttr, model_validator
 
 from crewai.agents import CacheHandler
-from crewai.agents.agent_builder.base_agent import BaseAgent
+from crewai.agents.agent_builder.base_agent import BaseAgent, PlatformAppOrAction
 from crewai.agents.crew_agent_executor import CrewAgentExecutor
+from crewai.events.event_bus import crewai_event_bus
+from crewai.events.types.agent_events import (
+    AgentExecutionCompletedEvent,
+    AgentExecutionErrorEvent,
+    AgentExecutionStartedEvent,
+)
+from crewai.events.types.knowledge_events import (
+    KnowledgeQueryCompletedEvent,
+    KnowledgeQueryFailedEvent,
+    KnowledgeQueryStartedEvent,
+    KnowledgeRetrievalCompletedEvent,
+    KnowledgeRetrievalStartedEvent,
+    KnowledgeSearchQueryFailedEvent,
+)
+from crewai.events.types.memory_events import (
+    MemoryRetrievalCompletedEvent,
+    MemoryRetrievalStartedEvent,
+)
 from crewai.knowledge.knowledge import Knowledge
 from crewai.knowledge.source.base_knowledge_source import BaseKnowledgeSource
 from crewai.knowledge.utils.knowledge_utils import extract_knowledge_context
 from crewai.lite_agent import LiteAgent, LiteAgentOutput
 from crewai.llm import BaseLLM
 from crewai.memory.contextual.contextual_memory import ContextualMemory
+from crewai.rag.embeddings.types import EmbedderConfig
 from crewai.security import Fingerprint
 from crewai.task import Task
 from crewai.tools import BaseTool
@@ -38,24 +51,6 @@ from crewai.utilities.agent_utils import (
 )
 from crewai.utilities.constants import TRAINED_AGENTS_DATA_FILE, TRAINING_DATA_FILE
 from crewai.utilities.converter import generate_model_description
-from crewai.events.types.agent_events import (
-    AgentExecutionCompletedEvent,
-    AgentExecutionErrorEvent,
-    AgentExecutionStartedEvent,
-)
-from crewai.events.event_bus import crewai_event_bus
-from crewai.events.types.memory_events import (
-    MemoryRetrievalStartedEvent,
-    MemoryRetrievalCompletedEvent,
-)
-from crewai.events.types.knowledge_events import (
-    KnowledgeQueryCompletedEvent,
-    KnowledgeQueryFailedEvent,
-    KnowledgeQueryStartedEvent,
-    KnowledgeRetrievalCompletedEvent,
-    KnowledgeRetrievalStartedEvent,
-    KnowledgeSearchQueryFailedEvent,
-)
 from crewai.utilities.llm_utils import create_llm
 from crewai.utilities.token_counter_callback import TokenCalcHandler
 from crewai.utilities.training_handler import CrewTrainingHandler
@@ -84,39 +79,40 @@ class Agent(BaseAgent):
             step_callback: Callback to be executed after each step of the agent execution.
             knowledge_sources: Knowledge sources for the agent.
             embedder: Embedder configuration for the agent.
+            apps: List of applications that the agent can access through CrewAI Platform.
     """
 
     _times_executed: int = PrivateAttr(default=0)
-    max_execution_time: Optional[int] = Field(
+    max_execution_time: int | None = Field(
         default=None,
         description="Maximum execution time for an agent to execute a task",
     )
     agent_ops_agent_name: str = None  # type: ignore # Incompatible types in assignment (expression has type "None", variable has type "str")
     agent_ops_agent_id: str = None  # type: ignore # Incompatible types in assignment (expression has type "None", variable has type "str")
-    step_callback: Optional[Any] = Field(
+    step_callback: Any | None = Field(
         default=None,
         description="Callback to be executed after each step of the agent execution.",
     )
-    use_system_prompt: Optional[bool] = Field(
+    use_system_prompt: bool | None = Field(
         default=True,
         description="Use system prompt for the agent.",
     )
-    llm: Union[str, InstanceOf[BaseLLM], Any] = Field(
+    llm: str | InstanceOf[BaseLLM] | Any = Field(
         description="Language model that will run the agent.", default=None
     )
-    function_calling_llm: Optional[Union[str, InstanceOf[BaseLLM], Any]] = Field(
+    function_calling_llm: str | InstanceOf[BaseLLM] | Any | None = Field(
         description="Language model that will run the agent.", default=None
     )
-    system_template: Optional[str] = Field(
+    system_template: str | None = Field(
         default=None, description="System format for the agent."
     )
-    prompt_template: Optional[str] = Field(
+    prompt_template: str | None = Field(
         default=None, description="Prompt format for the agent."
     )
-    response_template: Optional[str] = Field(
+    response_template: str | None = Field(
         default=None, description="Response format for the agent."
     )
-    allow_code_execution: Optional[bool] = Field(
+    allow_code_execution: bool | None = Field(
         default=False, description="Enable code execution for the agent."
     )
     respect_context_window: bool = Field(
@@ -147,31 +143,31 @@ class Agent(BaseAgent):
         default=False,
         description="Whether the agent should reflect and create a plan before executing a task.",
     )
-    max_reasoning_attempts: Optional[int] = Field(
+    max_reasoning_attempts: int | None = Field(
         default=None,
         description="Maximum number of reasoning attempts before executing the task. If None, will try until ready.",
     )
-    embedder: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = Field(
+    embedder: EmbedderConfig | None = Field(
         default=None,
         description="Embedder configuration for the agent.",
     )
-    agent_knowledge_context: Optional[str] = Field(
+    agent_knowledge_context: str | None = Field(
         default=None,
         description="Knowledge context for the agent.",
     )
-    crew_knowledge_context: Optional[str] = Field(
+    crew_knowledge_context: str | None = Field(
         default=None,
         description="Knowledge context for the crew.",
     )
-    knowledge_search_query: Optional[str] = Field(
+    knowledge_search_query: str | None = Field(
         default=None,
         description="Knowledge search query for the agent dynamically generated by the agent.",
     )
-    from_repository: Optional[str] = Field(
+    from_repository: str | None = Field(
         default=None,
         description="The Agent's role to be used from your repository.",
     )
-    guardrail: Optional[Union[Callable[[Any], Tuple[bool, Any]], str]] = Field(
+    guardrail: Callable[[Any], tuple[bool, Any]] | str | None = Field(
         default=None,
         description="Function or string description of a guardrail to validate agent output",
     )
@@ -180,7 +176,7 @@ class Agent(BaseAgent):
     )
 
     @model_validator(mode="before")
-    def validate_from_repository(cls, v):
+    def validate_from_repository(cls, v):  # noqa: N805
         if v is not None and (from_repository := v.get("from_repository")):
             return load_agent_from_repository(from_repository) | v
         return v
@@ -208,7 +204,7 @@ class Agent(BaseAgent):
             self.cache_handler = CacheHandler()
         self.set_cache_handler(self.cache_handler)
 
-    def set_knowledge(self, crew_embedder: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None):
+    def set_knowledge(self, crew_embedder: EmbedderConfig | None = None):
         try:
             if self.embedder is None and crew_embedder:
                 self.embedder = crew_embedder
@@ -224,7 +220,7 @@ class Agent(BaseAgent):
                     )
                     self.knowledge.add_sources()
         except (TypeError, ValueError) as e:
-            raise ValueError(f"Invalid Knowledge Configuration: {str(e)}")
+            raise ValueError(f"Invalid Knowledge Configuration: {e!s}") from e
 
     def _is_any_available_memory(self) -> bool:
         """Check if any memory is available."""
@@ -244,8 +240,8 @@ class Agent(BaseAgent):
     def execute_task(
         self,
         task: Task,
-        context: Optional[str] = None,
-        tools: Optional[List[BaseTool]] = None,
+        context: str | None = None,
+        tools: list[BaseTool] | None = None,
     ) -> str:
         """Execute a task with the agent.
 
@@ -277,13 +273,7 @@ class Agent(BaseAgent):
                 # Add the reasoning plan to the task description
                 task.description += f"\n\nReasoning Plan:\n{reasoning_output.plan.plan}"
             except Exception as e:
-                if hasattr(self, "_logger"):
-                    self._logger.log(
-                        "error", f"Error during reasoning process: {str(e)}"
-                    )
-                else:
-                    print(f"Error during reasoning process: {str(e)}")
-
+                self._logger.log("error", f"Error during reasoning process: {e!s}")
         self._inject_date_to_task(task)
 
         if self.tools_handler:
@@ -335,7 +325,7 @@ class Agent(BaseAgent):
                 agent=self,
                 task=task,
             )
-            memory = contextual_memory.build_context_for_task(task, context)
+            memory = contextual_memory.build_context_for_task(task, context or "")
             if memory.strip() != "":
                 task_prompt += self.i18n.slice("memory").format(memory=memory)
 
@@ -525,14 +515,14 @@ class Agent(BaseAgent):
 
             try:
                 return future.result(timeout=timeout)
-            except concurrent.futures.TimeoutError:
+            except concurrent.futures.TimeoutError as e:
                 future.cancel()
                 raise TimeoutError(
                     f"Task '{task.description}' execution timed out after {timeout} seconds. Consider increasing max_execution_time or optimizing the task."
-                )
+                ) from e
             except Exception as e:
                 future.cancel()
-                raise RuntimeError(f"Task execution failed: {str(e)}")
+                raise RuntimeError(f"Task execution failed: {e!s}") from e
 
     def _execute_without_timeout(self, task_prompt: str, task: Task) -> str:
         """Execute a task without a timeout.
@@ -554,14 +544,14 @@ class Agent(BaseAgent):
         )["output"]
 
     def create_agent_executor(
-        self, tools: Optional[List[BaseTool]] = None, task=None
+        self, tools: list[BaseTool] | None = None, task=None
     ) -> None:
         """Create an agent executor for the agent.
 
         Returns:
             An instance of the CrewAgentExecutor class.
         """
-        raw_tools: List[BaseTool] = tools or self.tools or []
+        raw_tools: list[BaseTool] = tools or self.tools or []
         parsed_tools = parse_tools(raw_tools)
 
         prompt = Prompts(
@@ -587,7 +577,7 @@ class Agent(BaseAgent):
             agent=self,
             crew=self.crew,
             tools=parsed_tools,
-            prompt=prompt,
+            prompt=cast(dict[str, str], prompt),
             original_tools=raw_tools,
             stop_words=stop_words,
             max_iter=self.max_iter,
@@ -603,10 +593,20 @@ class Agent(BaseAgent):
             callbacks=[TokenCalcHandler(self._token_process)],
         )
 
-    def get_delegation_tools(self, agents: List[BaseAgent]):
+    def get_delegation_tools(self, agents: list[BaseAgent]):
         agent_tools = AgentTools(agents=agents)
-        tools = agent_tools.tools()
-        return tools
+        return agent_tools.tools()
+
+    def get_platform_tools(self, apps: list[PlatformAppOrAction]) -> list[BaseTool]:
+        try:
+            from crewai_tools import (  # type: ignore[import-not-found]
+                CrewaiPlatformTools,  # type: ignore[import-untyped]
+            )
+
+            return CrewaiPlatformTools(apps=apps)
+        except Exception as e:
+            self._logger.log("error", f"Error getting platform tools: {e!s}")
+            return []
 
     def get_multimodal_tools(self) -> Sequence[BaseTool]:
         from crewai.tools.agent_tools.add_image_tool import AddImageTool
@@ -615,7 +615,9 @@ class Agent(BaseAgent):
 
     def get_code_execution_tools(self):
         try:
-            from crewai_tools import CodeInterpreterTool  # type: ignore
+            from crewai_tools import (  # type: ignore[import-not-found]
+                CodeInterpreterTool,
+            )
 
             # Set the unsafe_mode based on the code_execution_mode attribute
             unsafe_mode = self.code_execution_mode == "unsafe"
@@ -654,7 +656,7 @@ class Agent(BaseAgent):
                 )
         return task_prompt
 
-    def _render_text_description(self, tools: List[Any]) -> str:
+    def _render_text_description(self, tools: list[Any]) -> str:
         """Render the tool name and description in plain text.
 
         Output will be in the format of:
@@ -664,15 +666,13 @@ class Agent(BaseAgent):
             search: This tool is used for search
             calculator: This tool is used for math
         """
-        description = "\n".join(
+        return "\n".join(
             [
                 f"Tool name: {tool.name}\nTool description:\n{tool.description}"
                 for tool in tools
             ]
         )
 
-        return description
-
     def _inject_date_to_task(self, task):
         """Inject the current date into the task description if inject_date is enabled."""
         if self.inject_date:
@@ -696,32 +696,37 @@ class Agent(BaseAgent):
                 if not is_valid:
                     raise ValueError(f"Invalid date format: {self.date_format}")
 
-                current_date: str = datetime.now().strftime(self.date_format)
+                current_date = datetime.now().strftime(self.date_format)
                 task.description += f"\n\nCurrent Date: {current_date}"
             except Exception as e:
                 if hasattr(self, "_logger"):
-                    self._logger.log("warning", f"Failed to inject date: {str(e)}")
+                    self._logger.log("warning", f"Failed to inject date: {e!s}")
                 else:
-                    print(f"Warning: Failed to inject date: {str(e)}")
+                    print(f"Warning: Failed to inject date: {e!s}")
 
     def _validate_docker_installation(self) -> None:
         """Check if Docker is installed and running."""
-        if not shutil.which("docker"):
+        docker_path = shutil.which("docker")
+        if not docker_path:
             raise RuntimeError(
                 f"Docker is not installed. Please install Docker to use code execution with agent: {self.role}"
             )
 
         try:
-            subprocess.run(
-                ["docker", "info"],
+            subprocess.run(  # noqa: S603
+                [docker_path, "info"],
                 check=True,
                 stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
                 stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
             )
-        except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
+        except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
             raise RuntimeError(
                 f"Docker is not running. Please start Docker to use code execution with agent: {self.role}"
-            )
+            ) from e
+        except subprocess.TimeoutExpired as e:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                f"Docker command timed out. Please check your Docker installation for agent: {self.role}"
+            ) from e
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return f"Agent(role={self.role}, goal={self.goal}, backstory={self.backstory})"
@@ -796,8 +801,8 @@ class Agent(BaseAgent):
 
     def kickoff(
         self,
-        messages: Union[str, List[Dict[str, str]]],
-        response_format: Optional[Type[Any]] = None,
+        messages: str | list[dict[str, str]],
+        response_format: type[Any] | None = None,
     ) -> LiteAgentOutput:
         """
         Execute the agent with the given messages using a LiteAgent instance.
@@ -836,8 +841,8 @@ class Agent(BaseAgent):
 
     async def kickoff_async(
         self,
-        messages: Union[str, List[Dict[str, str]]],
-        response_format: Optional[Type[Any]] = None,
+        messages: str | list[dict[str, str]],
+        response_format: type[Any] | None = None,
     ) -> LiteAgentOutput:
         """
         Execute the agent asynchronously with the given messages using a LiteAgent instance.

lib/crewai/src/crewai/agents/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+from crewai.agents.cache.cache_handler import CacheHandler
+from crewai.agents.parser import AgentAction, AgentFinish, OutputParserError, parse
+from crewai.agents.tools_handler import ToolsHandler
+
+__all__ = [
+    "AgentAction",
+    "AgentFinish",
+    "CacheHandler",
+    "OutputParserError",
+    "ToolsHandler",
+    "parse",
+]

lib/crewai/src/crewai/agents/agent_adapters/base_agent_adapter.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
-from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
-from pydantic import PrivateAttr
+from pydantic import ConfigDict, PrivateAttr
 
 from crewai.agent import BaseAgent
 from crewai.tools import BaseTool
@@ -16,22 +16,21 @@ class BaseAgentAdapter(BaseAgent, ABC):
     """
 
     adapted_structured_output: bool = False
-    _agent_config: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = PrivateAttr(default=None)
+    _agent_config: dict[str, Any] | None = PrivateAttr(default=None)
 
-    model_config = {"arbitrary_types_allowed": True}
+    model_config = ConfigDict(arbitrary_types_allowed=True)
 
-    def __init__(self, agent_config: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None, **kwargs: Any):
+    def __init__(self, agent_config: dict[str, Any] | None = None, **kwargs: Any):
         super().__init__(adapted_agent=True, **kwargs)
         self._agent_config = agent_config
 
     @abstractmethod
-    def configure_tools(self, tools: Optional[List[BaseTool]] = None) -> None:
+    def configure_tools(self, tools: list[BaseTool] | None = None) -> None:
         """Configure and adapt tools for the specific agent implementation.
 
         Args:
             tools: Optional list of BaseTool instances to be configured
         """
-        pass
 
     def configure_structured_output(self, structured_output: Any) -> None:
         """Configure the structured output for the specific agent implementation.
@@ -39,4 +38,3 @@ class BaseAgentAdapter(BaseAgent, ABC):
         Args:
             structured_output: The structured output to be configured
         """
-        pass

lib/crewai/src/crewai/agents/agent_adapters/base_tool_adapter.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
-from typing import Any, List, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 from crewai.tools.base_tool import BaseTool
 
@@ -12,23 +12,22 @@ class BaseToolAdapter(ABC):
     different frameworks and platforms.
     """
 
-    original_tools: List[BaseTool]
-    converted_tools: List[Any]
+    original_tools: list[BaseTool]
+    converted_tools: list[Any]
 
-    def __init__(self, tools: Optional[List[BaseTool]] = None):
+    def __init__(self, tools: list[BaseTool] | None = None):
         self.original_tools = tools or []
         self.converted_tools = []
 
     @abstractmethod
-    def configure_tools(self, tools: List[BaseTool]) -> None:
+    def configure_tools(self, tools: list[BaseTool]) -> None:
         """Configure and convert tools for the specific implementation.
 
         Args:
             tools: List of BaseTool instances to be configured and converted
         """
-        pass
 
-    def tools(self) -> List[Any]:
+    def tools(self) -> list[Any]:
         """Return all converted tools."""
         return self.converted_tools
 

lib/crewai/src/crewai/agents/agent_builder/base_agent.py

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 import uuid
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from collections.abc import Callable
 from copy import copy as shallow_copy
 from hashlib import md5
-from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, List, Optional, TypeVar
+from typing import Any, Literal, TypeVar
 
 from pydantic import (
     UUID4,
@@ -21,15 +22,36 @@ from crewai.agents.tools_handler import ToolsHandler
 from crewai.knowledge.knowledge import Knowledge
 from crewai.knowledge.knowledge_config import KnowledgeConfig
 from crewai.knowledge.source.base_knowledge_source import BaseKnowledgeSource
+from crewai.rag.embeddings.types import EmbedderConfig
 from crewai.security.security_config import SecurityConfig
 from crewai.tools.base_tool import BaseTool, Tool
 from crewai.utilities import I18N, Logger, RPMController
 from crewai.utilities.config import process_config
-from crewai.utilities.converter import Converter
 from crewai.utilities.string_utils import interpolate_only
 
 T = TypeVar("T", bound="BaseAgent")
 
+PlatformApp = Literal[
+    "asana",
+    "box",
+    "clickup",
+    "github",
+    "gmail",
+    "google_calendar",
+    "google_sheets",
+    "hubspot",
+    "jira",
+    "linear",
+    "notion",
+    "salesforce",
+    "shopify",
+    "slack",
+    "stripe",
+    "zendesk",
+]
+
+PlatformAppOrAction = PlatformApp | str
+
 
 class BaseAgent(ABC, BaseModel):
     """Abstract Base Class for all third party agents compatible with CrewAI.
@@ -40,11 +62,11 @@ class BaseAgent(ABC, BaseModel):
         goal (str): Objective of the agent.
         backstory (str): Backstory of the agent.
         cache (bool): Whether the agent should use a cache for tool usage.
-        config (Optional[Dict[str, Any]]): Configuration for the agent.
+        config (dict[str, Any] | None): Configuration for the agent.
         verbose (bool): Verbose mode for the Agent Execution.
-        max_rpm (Optional[int]): Maximum number of requests per minute for the agent execution.
+        max_rpm (int | None): Maximum number of requests per minute for the agent execution.
         allow_delegation (bool): Allow delegation of tasks to agents.
-        tools (Optional[List[Any]]): Tools at the agent's disposal.
+        tools (list[Any] | None): Tools at the agent's disposal.
         max_iter (int): Maximum iterations for an agent to execute a task.
         agent_executor (InstanceOf): An instance of the CrewAgentExecutor class.
         llm (Any): Language model that will run the agent.
@@ -56,18 +78,22 @@ class BaseAgent(ABC, BaseModel):
         knowledge_sources: Knowledge sources for the agent.
         knowledge_storage: Custom knowledge storage for the agent.
         security_config: Security configuration for the agent, including fingerprinting.
+        apps: List of enterprise applications that the agent can access through CrewAI Enterprise Tools.
+        actions: List of actions that the agent can access through CrewAI Enterprise Tools.
 
 
     Methods:
-        execute_task(task: Any, context: Optional[str] = None, tools: Optional[List[BaseTool]] = None) -> str:
+        execute_task(task: Any, context: str | None = None, tools: list[BaseTool] | None = None) -> str:
             Abstract method to execute a task.
         create_agent_executor(tools=None) -> None:
             Abstract method to create an agent executor.
-        get_delegation_tools(agents: List["BaseAgent"]):
+        get_delegation_tools(agents: list["BaseAgent"]):
             Abstract method to set the agents task tools for handling delegation and question asking to other agents in crew.
+        get_platform_tools(apps: list[PlatformAppOrAction]):
+            Abstract method to get platform tools for the specified list of applications and/or application/action combinations.
         get_output_converter(llm, model, instructions):
             Abstract method to get the converter class for the agent to create json/pydantic outputs.
-        interpolate_inputs(inputs: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+        interpolate_inputs(inputs: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
             Interpolate inputs into the agent description and backstory.
         set_cache_handler(cache_handler: CacheHandler) -> None:
             Set the cache handler for the agent.
@@ -81,17 +107,17 @@ class BaseAgent(ABC, BaseModel):
 
     __hash__ = object.__hash__  # type: ignore
     _logger: Logger = PrivateAttr(default_factory=lambda: Logger(verbose=False))
-    _rpm_controller: Optional[RPMController] = PrivateAttr(default=None)
+    _rpm_controller: RPMController | None = PrivateAttr(default=None)
     _request_within_rpm_limit: Any = PrivateAttr(default=None)
-    _original_role: Optional[str] = PrivateAttr(default=None)
-    _original_goal: Optional[str] = PrivateAttr(default=None)
-    _original_backstory: Optional[str] = PrivateAttr(default=None)
+    _original_role: str | None = PrivateAttr(default=None)
+    _original_goal: str | None = PrivateAttr(default=None)
+    _original_backstory: str | None = PrivateAttr(default=None)
     _token_process: TokenProcess = PrivateAttr(default_factory=TokenProcess)
     id: UUID4 = Field(default_factory=uuid.uuid4, frozen=True)
     role: str = Field(description="Role of the agent")
     goal: str = Field(description="Objective of the agent")
     backstory: str = Field(description="Backstory of the agent")
-    config: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = Field(
+    config: dict[str, Any] | None = Field(
         description="Configuration for the agent", default=None, exclude=True
     )
     cache: bool = Field(
@@ -100,7 +126,7 @@ class BaseAgent(ABC, BaseModel):
     verbose: bool = Field(
         default=False, description="Verbose mode for the Agent Execution"
     )
-    max_rpm: Optional[int] = Field(
+    max_rpm: int | None = Field(
         default=None,
         description="Maximum number of requests per minute for the agent execution to be respected.",
     )
@@ -108,7 +134,7 @@ class BaseAgent(ABC, BaseModel):
         default=False,
         description="Enable agent to delegate and ask questions among each other.",
     )
-    tools: Optional[List[BaseTool]] = Field(
+    tools: list[BaseTool] | None = Field(
         default_factory=list, description="Tools at agents' disposal"
     )
     max_iter: int = Field(
@@ -122,27 +148,27 @@ class BaseAgent(ABC, BaseModel):
     )
     crew: Any = Field(default=None, description="Crew to which the agent belongs.")
     i18n: I18N = Field(default=I18N(), description="Internationalization settings.")
-    cache_handler: Optional[InstanceOf[CacheHandler]] = Field(
+    cache_handler: InstanceOf[CacheHandler] | None = Field(
         default=None, description="An instance of the CacheHandler class."
     )
     tools_handler: InstanceOf[ToolsHandler] = Field(
         default_factory=ToolsHandler,
         description="An instance of the ToolsHandler class.",
     )
-    tools_results: List[Dict[str, Any]] = Field(
+    tools_results: list[dict[str, Any]] = Field(
         default=[], description="Results of the tools used by the agent."
     )
-    max_tokens: Optional[int] = Field(
+    max_tokens: int | None = Field(
         default=None, description="Maximum number of tokens for the agent's execution."
     )
-    knowledge: Optional[Knowledge] = Field(
+    knowledge: Knowledge | None = Field(
         default=None, description="Knowledge for the agent."
     )
-    knowledge_sources: Optional[List[BaseKnowledgeSource]] = Field(
+    knowledge_sources: list[BaseKnowledgeSource] | None = Field(
         default=None,
         description="Knowledge sources for the agent.",
     )
-    knowledge_storage: Optional[Any] = Field(
+    knowledge_storage: Any | None = Field(
         default=None,
         description="Custom knowledge storage for the agent.",
     )
@@ -150,16 +176,20 @@ class BaseAgent(ABC, BaseModel):
         default_factory=SecurityConfig,
         description="Security configuration for the agent, including fingerprinting.",
     )
-    callbacks: List[Callable] = Field(
+    callbacks: list[Callable] = Field(
         default=[], description="Callbacks to be used for the agent"
     )
     adapted_agent: bool = Field(
         default=False, description="Whether the agent is adapted"
     )
-    knowledge_config: Optional[KnowledgeConfig] = Field(
+    knowledge_config: KnowledgeConfig | None = Field(
         default=None,
         description="Knowledge configuration for the agent such as limits and threshold",
     )
+    apps: list[PlatformAppOrAction] | None = Field(
+        default=None,
+        description="List of applications or application/action combinations that the agent can access through CrewAI Platform. Can contain app names (e.g., 'gmail') or specific actions (e.g., 'gmail/send_email')",
+    )
 
     @model_validator(mode="before")
     @classmethod
@@ -168,7 +198,7 @@ class BaseAgent(ABC, BaseModel):
 
     @field_validator("tools")
     @classmethod
-    def validate_tools(cls, tools: List[Any]) -> List[BaseTool]:
+    def validate_tools(cls, tools: list[Any]) -> list[BaseTool]:
         """Validate and process the tools provided to the agent.
 
         This method ensures that each tool is either an instance of BaseTool
@@ -195,6 +225,24 @@ class BaseAgent(ABC, BaseModel):
                 )
         return processed_tools
 
+    @field_validator("apps")
+    @classmethod
+    def validate_apps(
+        cls, apps: list[PlatformAppOrAction] | None
+    ) -> list[PlatformAppOrAction] | None:
+        if not apps:
+            return apps
+
+        validated_apps = []
+        for app in apps:
+            if app.count("/") > 1:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"Invalid app format '{app}'. Apps can only have one '/' for app/action format (e.g., 'gmail/send_email')"
+                )
+            validated_apps.append(app)
+
+        return list(set(validated_apps))
+
     @model_validator(mode="after")
     def validate_and_set_attributes(self):
         # Validate required fields
@@ -221,7 +269,7 @@ class BaseAgent(ABC, BaseModel):
 
     @field_validator("id", mode="before")
     @classmethod
-    def _deny_user_set_id(cls, v: Optional[UUID4]) -> None:
+    def _deny_user_set_id(cls, v: UUID4 | None) -> None:
         if v:
             raise PydanticCustomError(
                 "may_not_set_field", "This field is not to be set by the user.", {}
@@ -252,8 +300,8 @@ class BaseAgent(ABC, BaseModel):
     def execute_task(
         self,
         task: Any,
-        context: Optional[str] = None,
-        tools: Optional[List[BaseTool]] = None,
+        context: str | None = None,
+        tools: list[BaseTool] | None = None,
     ) -> str:
         pass
 
@@ -262,9 +310,12 @@ class BaseAgent(ABC, BaseModel):
         pass
 
     @abstractmethod
-    def get_delegation_tools(self, agents: List["BaseAgent"]) -> List[BaseTool]:
+    def get_delegation_tools(self, agents: list["BaseAgent"]) -> list[BaseTool]:
         """Set the task tools that init BaseAgenTools class."""
-        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_platform_tools(self, apps: list[PlatformAppOrAction]) -> list[BaseTool]:
+        """Get platform tools for the specified list of applications and/or application/action combinations."""
 
     def copy(self: T) -> T:  # type: ignore # Signature of "copy" incompatible with supertype "BaseModel"
         """Create a deep copy of the Agent."""
@@ -282,6 +333,8 @@ class BaseAgent(ABC, BaseModel):
             "knowledge_sources",
             "knowledge_storage",
             "knowledge",
+            "apps",
+            "actions",
         }
 
         # Copy llm
@@ -309,7 +362,7 @@ class BaseAgent(ABC, BaseModel):
 
         copied_data = self.model_dump(exclude=exclude)
         copied_data = {k: v for k, v in copied_data.items() if v is not None}
-        copied_agent = type(self)(
+        return type(self)(
             **copied_data,
             llm=existing_llm,
             tools=self.tools,
@@ -318,9 +371,7 @@ class BaseAgent(ABC, BaseModel):
             knowledge_storage=copied_knowledge_storage,
         )
 
-        return copied_agent
-
-    def interpolate_inputs(self, inputs: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+    def interpolate_inputs(self, inputs: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
         """Interpolate inputs into the agent description and backstory."""
         if self._original_role is None:
             self._original_role = self.role
@@ -362,5 +413,5 @@ class BaseAgent(ABC, BaseModel):
             self._rpm_controller = rpm_controller
             self.create_agent_executor()
 
-    def set_knowledge(self, crew_embedder: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None):
+    def set_knowledge(self, crew_embedder: EmbedderConfig | None = None):
         pass

lib/crewai/src/crewai/agents/agent_builder/base_agent_executor_mixin.py

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 import time
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Dict, List
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
+from crewai.events.event_listener import event_listener
 from crewai.memory.entity.entity_memory_item import EntityMemoryItem
 from crewai.memory.long_term.long_term_memory_item import LongTermMemoryItem
 from crewai.utilities import I18N
 from crewai.utilities.converter import ConverterError
 from crewai.utilities.evaluators.task_evaluator import TaskEvaluator
 from crewai.utilities.printer import Printer
-from crewai.events.event_listener import event_listener
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from crewai.agents.agent_builder.base_agent import BaseAgent
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class CrewAgentExecutorMixin:
     task: "Task"
     iterations: int
     max_iter: int
-    messages: List[Dict[str, str]]
+    messages: list[dict[str, str]]
     _i18n: I18N
     _printer: Printer = Printer()
 
@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@ class CrewAgentExecutorMixin:
                     )
             except Exception as e:
                 print(f"Failed to add to short term memory: {e}")
-                pass
 
     def _create_external_memory(self, output) -> None:
         """Create and save a external-term memory item if conditions are met."""
@@ -67,7 +66,6 @@ class CrewAgentExecutorMixin:
                 )
             except Exception as e:
                 print(f"Failed to add to external memory: {e}")
-                pass
 
     def _create_long_term_memory(self, output) -> None:
         """Create and save long-term and entity memory items based on evaluation."""
@@ -113,10 +111,8 @@ class CrewAgentExecutorMixin:
                     self.crew._entity_memory.save(entity_memories)
             except AttributeError as e:
                 print(f"Missing attributes for long term memory: {e}")
-                pass
             except Exception as e:
                 print(f"Failed to add to long term memory: {e}")
-                pass
         elif (
             self.crew
             and self.crew._long_term_memory

lib/crewai/src/crewai/agents/crew_agent_executor.py

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ from crewai.agents.agent_builder.base_agent_executor_mixin import CrewAgentExecu
 from crewai.agents.parser import (
     AgentAction,
     AgentFinish,
-    OutputParserException,
+    OutputParserError,
 )
 from crewai.agents.tools_handler import ToolsHandler
 from crewai.events.event_bus import crewai_event_bus
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ class CrewAgentExecutor(CrewAgentExecutorMixin):
                 self._invoke_step_callback(formatted_answer)
                 self._append_message(formatted_answer.text)
 
-            except OutputParserException as e:
+            except OutputParserError as e:  # noqa: PERF203
                 formatted_answer = handle_output_parser_exception(
                     e=e,
                     messages=self.messages,
@@ -251,17 +251,20 @@ class CrewAgentExecutor(CrewAgentExecutorMixin):
                         i18n=self._i18n,
                     )
                     continue
-                else:
-                    handle_unknown_error(self._printer, e)
-                    raise e
+                handle_unknown_error(self._printer, e)
+                raise e
             finally:
                 self.iterations += 1
 
         # During the invoke loop, formatted_answer alternates between AgentAction
         # (when the agent is using tools) and eventually becomes AgentFinish
-        # (when the agent reaches a final answer). This assertion confirms we've
+        # (when the agent reaches a final answer). This check confirms we've
         # reached a final answer and helps type checking understand this transition.
-        assert isinstance(formatted_answer, AgentFinish)
+        if not isinstance(formatted_answer, AgentFinish):
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "Agent execution ended without reaching a final answer. "
+                f"Got {type(formatted_answer).__name__} instead of AgentFinish."
+            )
         self._show_logs(formatted_answer)
         return formatted_answer
 
@@ -324,9 +327,7 @@ class CrewAgentExecutor(CrewAgentExecutorMixin):
             self.agent,
             AgentLogsStartedEvent(
                 agent_role=self.agent.role,
-                task_description=(
-                    getattr(self.task, "description") if self.task else "Not Found"
-                ),
+                task_description=(self.task.description if self.task else "Not Found"),
                 verbose=self.agent.verbose
                 or (hasattr(self, "crew") and getattr(self.crew, "verbose", False)),
             ),
@@ -415,8 +416,7 @@ class CrewAgentExecutor(CrewAgentExecutorMixin):
         """
         prompt = prompt.replace("{input}", inputs["input"])
         prompt = prompt.replace("{tool_names}", inputs["tool_names"])
-        prompt = prompt.replace("{tools}", inputs["tools"])
-        return prompt
+        return prompt.replace("{tools}", inputs["tools"])
 
     def _handle_human_feedback(self, formatted_answer: AgentFinish) -> AgentFinish:
         """Process human feedback.

lib/crewai/src/crewai/agents/parser.py

@@ -7,18 +7,18 @@ AgentAction or AgentFinish objects.
 
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 
-from json_repair import repair_json
+from json_repair import repair_json  # type: ignore[import-untyped]
 
 from crewai.agents.constants import (
+    ACTION_INPUT_ONLY_REGEX,
     ACTION_INPUT_REGEX,
     ACTION_REGEX,
-    ACTION_INPUT_ONLY_REGEX,
     FINAL_ANSWER_ACTION,
     MISSING_ACTION_AFTER_THOUGHT_ERROR_MESSAGE,
     MISSING_ACTION_INPUT_AFTER_ACTION_ERROR_MESSAGE,
     UNABLE_TO_REPAIR_JSON_RESULTS,
 )
-from crewai.utilities import I18N
+from crewai.utilities.i18n import I18N
 
 _I18N = I18N()
 
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ class AgentFinish:
     text: str
 
 
-class OutputParserException(Exception):
+class OutputParserError(Exception):
     """Exception raised when output parsing fails.
 
     Attributes:
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ class OutputParserException(Exception):
     """
 
     def __init__(self, error: str) -> None:
-        """Initialize OutputParserException.
+        """Initialize OutputParserError.
 
         Args:
             error: The error message.
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ def parse(text: str) -> AgentAction | AgentFinish:
         AgentAction or AgentFinish based on the content.
 
     Raises:
-        OutputParserException: If the text format is invalid.
+        OutputParserError: If the text format is invalid.
     """
     thought = _extract_thought(text)
     includes_answer = FINAL_ANSWER_ACTION in text
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ def parse(text: str) -> AgentAction | AgentFinish:
                 final_answer = final_answer[:-3].rstrip()
         return AgentFinish(thought=thought, output=final_answer, text=text)
 
-    elif action_match:
+    if action_match:
         action = action_match.group(1)
         clean_action = _clean_action(action)
 
@@ -118,19 +118,18 @@ def parse(text: str) -> AgentAction | AgentFinish:
         )
 
     if not ACTION_REGEX.search(text):
-        raise OutputParserException(
+        raise OutputParserError(
             f"{MISSING_ACTION_AFTER_THOUGHT_ERROR_MESSAGE}\n{_I18N.slice('final_answer_format')}",
         )
-    elif not ACTION_INPUT_ONLY_REGEX.search(text):
-        raise OutputParserException(
+    if not ACTION_INPUT_ONLY_REGEX.search(text):
+        raise OutputParserError(
             MISSING_ACTION_INPUT_AFTER_ACTION_ERROR_MESSAGE,
         )
-    else:
-        err_format = _I18N.slice("format_without_tools")
-        error = f"{err_format}"
-        raise OutputParserException(
-            error,
-        )
+    err_format = _I18N.slice("format_without_tools")
+    error = f"{err_format}"
+    raise OutputParserError(
+        error,
+    )
 
 
 def _extract_thought(text: str) -> str:
@@ -149,8 +148,7 @@ def _extract_thought(text: str) -> str:
         return ""
     thought = text[:thought_index].strip()
     # Remove any triple backticks from the thought string
-    thought = thought.replace("```", "").strip()
-    return thought
+    return thought.replace("```", "").strip()
 
 
 def _clean_action(text: str) -> str:

lib/crewai/src/crewai/agents/tools_handler.py

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 """Tools handler for managing tool execution and caching."""
 
+import json
+
+from crewai.agents.cache.cache_handler import CacheHandler
 from crewai.tools.cache_tools.cache_tools import CacheTools
 from crewai.tools.tool_calling import InstructorToolCalling, ToolCalling
-from crewai.agents.cache.cache_handler import CacheHandler
 
 
 class ToolsHandler:
@@ -37,8 +39,16 @@ class ToolsHandler:
         """
         self.last_used_tool = calling
         if self.cache and should_cache and calling.tool_name != CacheTools().name:
+            # Convert arguments to string for cache
+            input_str = ""
+            if calling.arguments:
+                if isinstance(calling.arguments, dict):
+                    input_str = json.dumps(calling.arguments)
+                else:
+                    input_str = str(calling.arguments)
+
             self.cache.add(
                 tool=calling.tool_name,
-                input=calling.arguments,
+                input=input_str,
                 output=output,
             )

lib/crewai/src/crewai/cli/authentication/providers/auth0.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from crewai.cli.authentication.providers.base_provider import BaseProvider
 
+
 class Auth0Provider(BaseProvider):
     def get_authorize_url(self) -> str:
         return f"https://{self._get_domain()}/oauth/device/code"
@@ -14,13 +15,20 @@ class Auth0Provider(BaseProvider):
         return f"https://{self._get_domain()}/"
 
     def get_audience(self) -> str:
-        assert self.settings.audience is not None, "Audience is required"
+        if self.settings.audience is None:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Audience is required. Please set it in the configuration."
+            )
         return self.settings.audience
 
     def get_client_id(self) -> str:
-        assert self.settings.client_id is not None, "Client ID is required"
+        if self.settings.client_id is None:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Client ID is required. Please set it in the configuration."
+            )
         return self.settings.client_id
 
     def _get_domain(self) -> str:
-        assert self.settings.domain is not None, "Domain is required"
+        if self.settings.domain is None:
+            raise ValueError("Domain is required. Please set it in the configuration.")
         return self.settings.domain

lib/crewai/src/crewai/cli/authentication/providers/base_provider.py

@@ -1,30 +1,26 @@
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+
 from crewai.cli.authentication.main import Oauth2Settings
 
+
 class BaseProvider(ABC):
     def __init__(self, settings: Oauth2Settings):
         self.settings = settings
 
     @abstractmethod
-    def get_authorize_url(self) -> str:
-        ...
+    def get_authorize_url(self) -> str: ...
 
     @abstractmethod
-    def get_token_url(self) -> str:
-        ...
+    def get_token_url(self) -> str: ...
 
     @abstractmethod
-    def get_jwks_url(self) -> str:
-        ...
+    def get_jwks_url(self) -> str: ...
 
     @abstractmethod
-    def get_issuer(self) -> str:
-        ...
+    def get_issuer(self) -> str: ...
 
     @abstractmethod
-    def get_audience(self) -> str:
-        ...
+    def get_audience(self) -> str: ...
 
     @abstractmethod
-    def get_client_id(self) -> str:
-        ...
+    def get_client_id(self) -> str: ...

lib/crewai/src/crewai/cli/authentication/providers/okta.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from crewai.cli.authentication.providers.base_provider import BaseProvider
 
+
 class OktaProvider(BaseProvider):
     def get_authorize_url(self) -> str:
         return f"https://{self.settings.domain}/oauth2/default/v1/device/authorize"
@@ -14,9 +15,15 @@ class OktaProvider(BaseProvider):
         return f"https://{self.settings.domain}/oauth2/default"
 
     def get_audience(self) -> str:
-        assert self.settings.audience is not None
+        if self.settings.audience is None:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Audience is required. Please set it in the configuration."
+            )
         return self.settings.audience
 
     def get_client_id(self) -> str:
-        assert self.settings.client_id is not None
+        if self.settings.client_id is None:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Client ID is required. Please set it in the configuration."
+            )
         return self.settings.client_id

lib/crewai/src/crewai/cli/authentication/providers/workos.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from crewai.cli.authentication.providers.base_provider import BaseProvider
 
+
 class WorkosProvider(BaseProvider):
     def get_authorize_url(self) -> str:
         return f"https://{self._get_domain()}/oauth2/device_authorization"
@@ -17,9 +18,13 @@ class WorkosProvider(BaseProvider):
         return self.settings.audience or ""
 
     def get_client_id(self) -> str:
-        assert self.settings.client_id is not None, "Client ID is required"
+        if self.settings.client_id is None:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Client ID is required. Please set it in the configuration."
+            )
         return self.settings.client_id
 
     def _get_domain(self) -> str:
-        assert self.settings.domain is not None, "Domain is required"
+        if self.settings.domain is None:
+            raise ValueError("Domain is required. Please set it in the configuration.")
         return self.settings.domain

lib/crewai/src/crewai/cli/authentication/utils.py

@@ -17,8 +17,6 @@ def validate_jwt_token(
                        missing required claims).
     """
 
-    decoded_token = None
-
     try:
         jwk_client = PyJWKClient(jwks_url)
         signing_key = jwk_client.get_signing_key_from_jwt(jwt_token)
@@ -26,7 +24,7 @@ def validate_jwt_token(
         _unverified_decoded_token = jwt.decode(
             jwt_token, options={"verify_signature": False}
         )
-        decoded_token = jwt.decode(
+        return jwt.decode(
             jwt_token,
             signing_key.key,
             algorithms=["RS256"],
@@ -40,23 +38,22 @@ def validate_jwt_token(
                 "require": ["exp", "iat", "iss", "aud", "sub"],
             },
         )
-        return decoded_token
 
-    except jwt.ExpiredSignatureError:
-        raise Exception("Token has expired.")
-    except jwt.InvalidAudienceError:
+    except jwt.ExpiredSignatureError as e:
+        raise Exception("Token has expired.") from e
+    except jwt.InvalidAudienceError as e:
         actual_audience = _unverified_decoded_token.get("aud", "[no audience found]")
         raise Exception(
             f"Invalid token audience. Got: '{actual_audience}'. Expected: '{audience}'"
-        )
-    except jwt.InvalidIssuerError:
+        ) from e
+    except jwt.InvalidIssuerError as e:
         actual_issuer = _unverified_decoded_token.get("iss", "[no issuer found]")
         raise Exception(
             f"Invalid token issuer. Got: '{actual_issuer}'. Expected: '{issuer}'"
-        )
+        ) from e
     except jwt.MissingRequiredClaimError as e:
-        raise Exception(f"Token is missing required claims: {str(e)}")
+        raise Exception(f"Token is missing required claims: {e!s}") from e
     except jwt.exceptions.PyJWKClientError as e:
-        raise Exception(f"JWKS or key processing error: {str(e)}")
+        raise Exception(f"JWKS or key processing error: {e!s}") from e
     except jwt.InvalidTokenError as e:
-        raise Exception(f"Invalid token: {str(e)}")
+        raise Exception(f"Invalid token: {e!s}") from e

lib/crewai/src/crewai/cli/cli.py

@@ -1,13 +1,16 @@
+import os
+import subprocess
 from importlib.metadata import version as get_version
-from typing import Optional
 
 import click
-from crewai.cli.config import Settings
-from crewai.cli.settings.main import SettingsCommand
+
 from crewai.cli.add_crew_to_flow import add_crew_to_flow
+from crewai.cli.config import Settings
 from crewai.cli.create_crew import create_crew
 from crewai.cli.create_flow import create_flow
 from crewai.cli.crew_chat import run_chat
+from crewai.cli.settings.main import SettingsCommand
+from crewai.cli.utils import build_env_with_tool_repository_credentials, read_toml
 from crewai.memory.storage.kickoff_task_outputs_storage import (
     KickoffTaskOutputsSQLiteStorage,
 )
@@ -34,6 +37,46 @@ def crewai():
     """Top-level command group for crewai."""
 
 
+@crewai.command(
+    name="uv",
+    context_settings=dict(
+        ignore_unknown_options=True,
+    ),
+)
+@click.argument("uv_args", nargs=-1, type=click.UNPROCESSED)
+def uv(uv_args):
+    """A wrapper around uv commands that adds custom tool authentication through env vars."""
+    env = os.environ.copy()
+    try:
+        pyproject_data = read_toml()
+        sources = pyproject_data.get("tool", {}).get("uv", {}).get("sources", {})
+
+        for source_config in sources.values():
+            if isinstance(source_config, dict):
+                index = source_config.get("index")
+                if index:
+                    index_env = build_env_with_tool_repository_credentials(index)
+                    env.update(index_env)
+    except (FileNotFoundError, KeyError) as e:
+        raise SystemExit(
+            "Error. A valid pyproject.toml file is required. Check that a valid pyproject.toml file exists in the current directory."
+        ) from e
+    except Exception as e:
+        raise SystemExit(f"Error: {e}") from e
+
+    try:
+        subprocess.run(  # noqa: S603
+            ["uv", *uv_args],  # noqa: S607
+            capture_output=False,
+            env=env,
+            text=True,
+            check=True,
+        )
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
+        click.secho(f"uv command failed with exit code {e.returncode}", fg="red")
+        raise SystemExit(e.returncode) from e
+
+
 @crewai.command()
 @click.argument("type", type=click.Choice(["crew", "flow"]))
 @click.argument("name")
@@ -237,13 +280,6 @@ def login():
 @crewai.group()
 def deploy():
     """Deploy the Crew CLI group."""
-    pass
-
-
-@crewai.group()
-def tool():
-    """Tool Repository related commands."""
-    pass
 
 
 @deploy.command(name="create")
@@ -263,7 +299,7 @@ def deploy_list():
 
 @deploy.command(name="push")
 @click.option("-u", "--uuid", type=str, help="Crew UUID parameter")
-def deploy_push(uuid: Optional[str]):
+def deploy_push(uuid: str | None):
     """Deploy the Crew."""
     deploy_cmd = DeployCommand()
     deploy_cmd.deploy(uuid=uuid)
@@ -271,7 +307,7 @@ def deploy_push(uuid: Optional[str]):
 
 @deploy.command(name="status")
 @click.option("-u", "--uuid", type=str, help="Crew UUID parameter")
-def deply_status(uuid: Optional[str]):
+def deply_status(uuid: str | None):
     """Get the status of a deployment."""
     deploy_cmd = DeployCommand()
     deploy_cmd.get_crew_status(uuid=uuid)
@@ -279,7 +315,7 @@ def deply_status(uuid: Optional[str]):
 
 @deploy.command(name="logs")
 @click.option("-u", "--uuid", type=str, help="Crew UUID parameter")
-def deploy_logs(uuid: Optional[str]):
+def deploy_logs(uuid: str | None):
     """Get the logs of a deployment."""
     deploy_cmd = DeployCommand()
     deploy_cmd.get_crew_logs(uuid=uuid)
@@ -287,12 +323,17 @@ def deploy_logs(uuid: Optional[str]):
 
 @deploy.command(name="remove")
 @click.option("-u", "--uuid", type=str, help="Crew UUID parameter")
-def deploy_remove(uuid: Optional[str]):
+def deploy_remove(uuid: str | None):
     """Remove a deployment."""
     deploy_cmd = DeployCommand()
     deploy_cmd.remove_crew(uuid=uuid)
 
 
+@crewai.group()
+def tool():
+    """Tool Repository related commands."""
+
+
 @tool.command(name="create")
 @click.argument("handle")
 def tool_create(handle: str):
@@ -327,7 +368,6 @@ def tool_publish(is_public: bool, force: bool):
 @crewai.group()
 def flow():
     """Flow related commands."""
-    pass
 
 
 @flow.command(name="kickoff")
@@ -359,7 +399,7 @@ def chat():
     and using the Chat LLM to generate responses.
     """
     click.secho(
-        "\nStarting a conversation with the Crew\n" "Type 'exit' or Ctrl+C to quit.\n",
+        "\nStarting a conversation with the Crew\nType 'exit' or Ctrl+C to quit.\n",
     )
 
     run_chat()
@@ -368,7 +408,6 @@ def chat():
 @crewai.group(invoke_without_command=True)
 def org():
     """Organization management commands."""
-    pass
 
 
 @org.command("list")
@@ -396,7 +435,6 @@ def current():
 @crewai.group()
 def enterprise():
     """Enterprise Configuration commands."""
-    pass
 
 
 @enterprise.command("configure")
@@ -410,7 +448,6 @@ def enterprise_configure(enterprise_url: str):
 @crewai.group()
 def config():
     """CLI Configuration commands."""
-    pass
 
 
 @config.command("list")

lib/crewai/src/crewai/cli/config.py

@@ -1,20 +1,61 @@
 import json
+import tempfile
+from logging import getLogger
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Optional
 
 from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
 
 from crewai.cli.constants import (
-    DEFAULT_CREWAI_ENTERPRISE_URL,
-    CREWAI_ENTERPRISE_DEFAULT_OAUTH2_PROVIDER,
     CREWAI_ENTERPRISE_DEFAULT_OAUTH2_AUDIENCE,
     CREWAI_ENTERPRISE_DEFAULT_OAUTH2_CLIENT_ID,
     CREWAI_ENTERPRISE_DEFAULT_OAUTH2_DOMAIN,
+    CREWAI_ENTERPRISE_DEFAULT_OAUTH2_PROVIDER,
+    DEFAULT_CREWAI_ENTERPRISE_URL,
 )
 from crewai.cli.shared.token_manager import TokenManager
 
+logger = getLogger(__name__)
+
 DEFAULT_CONFIG_PATH = Path.home() / ".config" / "crewai" / "settings.json"
 
+
+def get_writable_config_path() -> Path | None:
+    """
+    Find a writable location for the config file with fallback options.
+
+    Tries in order:
+    1. Default: ~/.config/crewai/settings.json
+    2. Temp directory: /tmp/crewai_settings.json (or OS equivalent)
+    3. Current directory: ./crewai_settings.json
+    4. In-memory only (returns None)
+
+    Returns:
+        Path object for writable config location, or None if no writable location found
+    """
+    fallback_paths = [
+        DEFAULT_CONFIG_PATH,  # Default location
+        Path(tempfile.gettempdir()) / "crewai_settings.json",  # Temporary directory
+        Path.cwd() / "crewai_settings.json",  # Current working directory
+    ]
+
+    for config_path in fallback_paths:
+        try:
+            config_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+            test_file = config_path.parent / ".crewai_write_test"
+            try:
+                test_file.write_text("test")
+                test_file.unlink()  # Clean up test file
+                logger.info(f"Using config path: {config_path}")
+                return config_path
+            except Exception:  # noqa: S112
+                continue
+
+        except Exception:  # noqa: S112
+            continue
+
+    return None
+
+
 # Settings that are related to the user's account
 USER_SETTINGS_KEYS = [
     "tool_repository_username",
@@ -56,20 +97,20 @@ HIDDEN_SETTINGS_KEYS = [
 
 
 class Settings(BaseModel):
-    enterprise_base_url: Optional[str] = Field(
+    enterprise_base_url: str | None = Field(
         default=DEFAULT_CLI_SETTINGS["enterprise_base_url"],
         description="Base URL of the CrewAI Enterprise instance",
     )
-    tool_repository_username: Optional[str] = Field(
+    tool_repository_username: str | None = Field(
         None, description="Username for interacting with the Tool Repository"
     )
-    tool_repository_password: Optional[str] = Field(
+    tool_repository_password: str | None = Field(
         None, description="Password for interacting with the Tool Repository"
     )
-    org_name: Optional[str] = Field(
+    org_name: str | None = Field(
         None, description="Name of the currently active organization"
     )
-    org_uuid: Optional[str] = Field(
+    org_uuid: str | None = Field(
         None, description="UUID of the currently active organization"
     )
     config_path: Path = Field(default=DEFAULT_CONFIG_PATH, frozen=True, exclude=True)
@@ -79,7 +120,7 @@ class Settings(BaseModel):
         default=DEFAULT_CLI_SETTINGS["oauth2_provider"],
     )
 
-    oauth2_audience: Optional[str] = Field(
+    oauth2_audience: str | None = Field(
         description="OAuth2 audience value, typically used to identify the target API or resource.",
         default=DEFAULT_CLI_SETTINGS["oauth2_audience"],
     )
@@ -94,16 +135,32 @@ class Settings(BaseModel):
         default=DEFAULT_CLI_SETTINGS["oauth2_domain"],
     )
 
-    def __init__(self, config_path: Path = DEFAULT_CONFIG_PATH, **data):
-        """Load Settings from config path"""
-        config_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    def __init__(self, config_path: Path | None = None, **data):
+        """Load Settings from config path with fallback support"""
+        if config_path is None:
+            config_path = get_writable_config_path()
+
+        # If config_path is None, we're in memory-only mode
+        if config_path is None:
+            merged_data = {**data}
+            # Dummy path for memory-only mode
+            super().__init__(config_path=Path("/dev/null"), **merged_data)
+            return
+
+        try:
+            config_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+        except Exception:
+            merged_data = {**data}
+            # Dummy path for memory-only mode
+            super().__init__(config_path=Path("/dev/null"), **merged_data)
+            return
 
         file_data = {}
         if config_path.is_file():
             try:
                 with config_path.open("r") as f:
                     file_data = json.load(f)
-            except json.JSONDecodeError:
+            except Exception:
                 file_data = {}
 
         merged_data = {**file_data, **data}
@@ -123,15 +180,22 @@ class Settings(BaseModel):
 
     def dump(self) -> None:
         """Save current settings to settings.json"""
-        if self.config_path.is_file():
-            with self.config_path.open("r") as f:
-                existing_data = json.load(f)
-        else:
-            existing_data = {}
+        if str(self.config_path) == "/dev/null":
+            return
 
-        updated_data = {**existing_data, **self.model_dump(exclude_unset=True)}
-        with self.config_path.open("w") as f:
-            json.dump(updated_data, f, indent=4)
+        try:
+            if self.config_path.is_file():
+                with self.config_path.open("r") as f:
+                    existing_data = json.load(f)
+            else:
+                existing_data = {}
+
+            updated_data = {**existing_data, **self.model_dump(exclude_unset=True)}
+            with self.config_path.open("w") as f:
+                json.dump(updated_data, f, indent=4)
+
+        except Exception:  # noqa: S110
+            pass
 
     def _reset_user_settings(self) -> None:
         """Reset all user settings to default values"""

lib/crewai/src/crewai/cli/create_crew.py

@@ -16,48 +16,72 @@ from crewai.cli.utils import copy_template, load_env_vars, write_env_file
 def create_folder_structure(name, parent_folder=None):
     import keyword
     import re
-    
-    name = name.rstrip('/')
-    
+
+    name = name.rstrip("/")
+
     if not name.strip():
         raise ValueError("Project name cannot be empty or contain only whitespace")
-    
+
     folder_name = name.replace(" ", "_").replace("-", "_").lower()
-    folder_name = re.sub(r'[^a-zA-Z0-9_]', '', folder_name)
-    
+    folder_name = re.sub(r"[^a-zA-Z0-9_]", "", folder_name)
+
     # Check if the name starts with invalid characters or is primarily invalid
-    if re.match(r'^[^a-zA-Z0-9_-]+', name):
-        raise ValueError(f"Project name '{name}' contains no valid characters for a Python module name")
-    
+    if re.match(r"^[^a-zA-Z0-9_-]+", name):
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"Project name '{name}' contains no valid characters for a Python module name"
+        )
+
     if not folder_name:
-        raise ValueError(f"Project name '{name}' contains no valid characters for a Python module name")
-    
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"Project name '{name}' contains no valid characters for a Python module name"
+        )
+
     if folder_name[0].isdigit():
-        raise ValueError(f"Project name '{name}' would generate folder name '{folder_name}' which cannot start with a digit (invalid Python module name)")
-    
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"Project name '{name}' would generate folder name '{folder_name}' which cannot start with a digit (invalid Python module name)"
+        )
+
     if keyword.iskeyword(folder_name):
-        raise ValueError(f"Project name '{name}' would generate folder name '{folder_name}' which is a reserved Python keyword")
-    
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"Project name '{name}' would generate folder name '{folder_name}' which is a reserved Python keyword"
+        )
+
     if not folder_name.isidentifier():
-        raise ValueError(f"Project name '{name}' would generate invalid Python module name '{folder_name}'")
-    
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"Project name '{name}' would generate invalid Python module name '{folder_name}'"
+        )
+
     class_name = name.replace("_", " ").replace("-", " ").title().replace(" ", "")
-    
-    class_name = re.sub(r'[^a-zA-Z0-9_]', '', class_name)
-    
+
+    class_name = re.sub(r"[^a-zA-Z0-9_]", "", class_name)
+
     if not class_name:
-        raise ValueError(f"Project name '{name}' contains no valid characters for a Python class name")
-    
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"Project name '{name}' contains no valid characters for a Python class name"
+        )
+
     if class_name[0].isdigit():
-        raise ValueError(f"Project name '{name}' would generate class name '{class_name}' which cannot start with a digit")
-    
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"Project name '{name}' would generate class name '{class_name}' which cannot start with a digit"
+        )
+
     # Check if the original name (before title casing) is a keyword
-    original_name_clean = re.sub(r'[^a-zA-Z0-9_]', '', name.replace("_", "").replace("-", "").lower())
-    if keyword.iskeyword(original_name_clean) or keyword.iskeyword(class_name) or class_name in ('True', 'False', 'None'):
-        raise ValueError(f"Project name '{name}' would generate class name '{class_name}' which is a reserved Python keyword")
-    
+    original_name_clean = re.sub(
+        r"[^a-zA-Z0-9_]", "", name.replace("_", "").replace("-", "").lower()
+    )
+    if (
+        keyword.iskeyword(original_name_clean)
+        or keyword.iskeyword(class_name)
+        or class_name in ("True", "False", "None")
+    ):
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"Project name '{name}' would generate class name '{class_name}' which is a reserved Python keyword"
+        )
+
     if not class_name.isidentifier():
-        raise ValueError(f"Project name '{name}' would generate invalid Python class name '{class_name}'")
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"Project name '{name}' would generate invalid Python class name '{class_name}'"
+        )
 
     if parent_folder:
         folder_path = Path(parent_folder) / folder_name
@@ -172,7 +196,7 @@ def create_crew(name, provider=None, skip_provider=False, parent_folder=None):
             )
 
         # Check if the selected provider has predefined models
-        if selected_provider in MODELS and MODELS[selected_provider]:
+        if MODELS.get(selected_provider):
             while True:
                 selected_model = select_model(selected_provider, provider_models)
                 if selected_model is None:  # User typed 'q'

lib/crewai/src/crewai/cli/crew_chat.py

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import sys
 import threading
 import time
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Set, Tuple
+from typing import Any
 
 import click
 import tomli
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ def show_loading(event: threading.Event):
     print()
 
 
-def initialize_chat_llm(crew: Crew) -> Optional[LLM | BaseLLM]:
+def initialize_chat_llm(crew: Crew) -> LLM | BaseLLM | None:
     """Initializes the chat LLM and handles exceptions."""
     try:
         return create_llm(crew.chat_llm)
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ def build_system_message(crew_chat_inputs: ChatInputs) -> str:
     )
 
 
-def create_tool_function(crew: Crew, messages: List[Dict[str, str]]) -> Any:
+def create_tool_function(crew: Crew, messages: list[dict[str, str]]) -> Any:
     """Creates a wrapper function for running the crew tool with messages."""
 
     def run_crew_tool_with_messages(**kwargs):
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ def chat_loop(chat_llm, messages, crew_tool_schema, available_functions):
                 user_input, chat_llm, messages, crew_tool_schema, available_functions
             )
 
-        except KeyboardInterrupt:
+        except KeyboardInterrupt:  # noqa: PERF203
             click.echo("\nExiting chat. Goodbye!")
             break
         except Exception as e:
@@ -221,9 +221,9 @@ def get_user_input() -> str:
 def handle_user_input(
     user_input: str,
     chat_llm: LLM,
-    messages: List[Dict[str, str]],
-    crew_tool_schema: Dict[str, Any],
-    available_functions: Dict[str, Any],
+    messages: list[dict[str, str]],
+    crew_tool_schema: dict[str, Any],
+    available_functions: dict[str, Any],
 ) -> None:
     if user_input.strip().lower() == "exit":
         click.echo("Exiting chat. Goodbye!")
@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ def generate_crew_tool_schema(crew_inputs: ChatInputs) -> dict:
     }
 
 
-def run_crew_tool(crew: Crew, messages: List[Dict[str, str]], **kwargs):
+def run_crew_tool(crew: Crew, messages: list[dict[str, str]], **kwargs):
     """
     Runs the crew using crew.kickoff(inputs=kwargs) and returns the output.
 
@@ -304,9 +304,8 @@ def run_crew_tool(crew: Crew, messages: List[Dict[str, str]], **kwargs):
         crew_output = crew.kickoff(inputs=kwargs)
 
         # Convert CrewOutput to a string to send back to the user
-        result = str(crew_output)
+        return str(crew_output)
 
-        return result
     except Exception as e:
         # Exit the chat and show the error message
         click.secho("An error occurred while running the crew:", fg="red")
@@ -314,7 +313,7 @@ def run_crew_tool(crew: Crew, messages: List[Dict[str, str]], **kwargs):
         sys.exit(1)
 
 
-def load_crew_and_name() -> Tuple[Crew, str]:
+def load_crew_and_name() -> tuple[Crew, str]:
     """
     Loads the crew by importing the crew class from the user's project.
 
@@ -351,15 +350,17 @@ def load_crew_and_name() -> Tuple[Crew, str]:
     try:
         crew_module = __import__(crew_module_name, fromlist=[crew_class_name])
     except ImportError as e:
-        raise ImportError(f"Failed to import crew module {crew_module_name}: {e}")
+        raise ImportError(
+            f"Failed to import crew module {crew_module_name}: {e}"
+        ) from e
 
     # Get the crew class from the module
     try:
         crew_class = getattr(crew_module, crew_class_name)
-    except AttributeError:
+    except AttributeError as e:
         raise AttributeError(
             f"Crew class {crew_class_name} not found in module {crew_module_name}"
-        )
+        ) from e
 
     # Instantiate the crew
     crew_instance = crew_class().crew()
@@ -395,7 +396,7 @@ def generate_crew_chat_inputs(crew: Crew, crew_name: str, chat_llm) -> ChatInput
     )
 
 
-def fetch_required_inputs(crew: Crew) -> Set[str]:
+def fetch_required_inputs(crew: Crew) -> set[str]:
     """
     Extracts placeholders from the crew's tasks and agents.
 
@@ -405,8 +406,8 @@ def fetch_required_inputs(crew: Crew) -> Set[str]:
     Returns:
         Set[str]: A set of placeholder names.
     """
-    placeholder_pattern = re.compile(r"\{(.+?)\}")
-    required_inputs: Set[str] = set()
+    placeholder_pattern = re.compile(r"\{(.+?)}")
+    required_inputs: set[str] = set()
 
     # Scan tasks
     for task in crew.tasks:
@@ -435,7 +436,7 @@ def generate_input_description_with_ai(input_name: str, crew: Crew, chat_llm) ->
     """
     # Gather context from tasks and agents where the input is used
     context_texts = []
-    placeholder_pattern = re.compile(r"\{(.+?)\}")
+    placeholder_pattern = re.compile(r"\{(.+?)}")
 
     for task in crew.tasks:
         if (
@@ -479,9 +480,7 @@ def generate_input_description_with_ai(input_name: str, crew: Crew, chat_llm) ->
         f"{context}"
     )
     response = chat_llm.call(messages=[{"role": "user", "content": prompt}])
-    description = response.strip()
-
-    return description
+    return response.strip()
 
 
 def generate_crew_description_with_ai(crew: Crew, chat_llm) -> str:
@@ -497,7 +496,7 @@ def generate_crew_description_with_ai(crew: Crew, chat_llm) -> str:
     """
     # Gather context from tasks and agents
     context_texts = []
-    placeholder_pattern = re.compile(r"\{(.+?)\}")
+    placeholder_pattern = re.compile(r"\{(.+?)}")
 
     for task in crew.tasks:
         # Replace placeholders with input names
@@ -531,6 +530,4 @@ def generate_crew_description_with_ai(crew: Crew, chat_llm) -> str:
         f"{context}"
     )
     response = chat_llm.call(messages=[{"role": "user", "content": prompt}])
-    crew_description = response.strip()
-
-    return crew_description
+    return response.strip()

lib/crewai/src/crewai/cli/evaluate_crew.py

@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@ import subprocess
 
 import click
 
-from crewai.cli.subprocess_utils import run_command
-
 
 def evaluate_crew(n_iterations: int, model: str) -> None:
     """
@@ -19,7 +17,7 @@ def evaluate_crew(n_iterations: int, model: str) -> None:
         if n_iterations <= 0:
             raise ValueError("The number of iterations must be a positive integer.")
 
-        result = run_command(command, capture_output=False, text=True, check=True)
+        result = subprocess.run(command, capture_output=False, text=True, check=True)
 
         if result.stderr:
             click.echo(result.stderr, err=True)

lib/crewai/src/crewai/cli/git.py

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 import subprocess
 from functools import lru_cache
 
-from crewai.cli.subprocess_utils import run_command
-
 
 class Repository:
     def __init__(self, path="."):
@@ -16,11 +14,15 @@ class Repository:
 
         self.fetch()
 
-    def is_git_installed(self) -> bool:
+    @staticmethod
+    def is_git_installed() -> bool:
         """Check if Git is installed and available in the system."""
         try:
-            run_command(
-                ["git", "--version"], capture_output=True, check=True, text=True
+            subprocess.run(
+                ["git", "--version"],  # noqa: S607
+                capture_output=True,
+                check=True,
+                text=True,
             )
             return True
         except (subprocess.CalledProcessError, FileNotFoundError):
@@ -28,29 +30,28 @@ class Repository:
 
     def fetch(self) -> None:
         """Fetch latest updates from the remote."""
-        run_command(["git", "fetch"], cwd=self.path, check=True)
+        subprocess.run(["git", "fetch"], cwd=self.path, check=True)  # noqa: S607
 
     def status(self) -> str:
         """Get the git status in porcelain format."""
-        result = run_command(
-            ["git", "status", "--branch", "--porcelain"],
+        return subprocess.check_output(
+            ["git", "status", "--branch", "--porcelain"],  # noqa: S607
             cwd=self.path,
-            capture_output=True,
-            text=True,
-            check=True,
-        )
-        return result.stdout.strip()
+            encoding="utf-8",
+        ).strip()
 
-    @lru_cache(maxsize=None)
+    @lru_cache(maxsize=None)  # noqa: B019
     def is_git_repo(self) -> bool:
-        """Check if the current directory is a git repository."""
+        """Check if the current directory is a git repository.
+
+        Notes:
+          - TODO: This method is cached to avoid redundant checks, but using lru_cache on methods can lead to memory leaks
+        """
         try:
-            run_command(
-                ["git", "rev-parse", "--is-inside-work-tree"],
+            subprocess.check_output(
+                ["git", "rev-parse", "--is-inside-work-tree"],  # noqa: S607
                 cwd=self.path,
-                capture_output=True,
-                text=True,
-                check=True,
+                encoding="utf-8",
             )
             return True
         except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
@@ -71,14 +72,13 @@ class Repository:
         """Return True if the Git repository is fully synced with the remote, False otherwise."""
         if self.has_uncommitted_changes() or self.is_ahead_or_behind():
             return False
-        else:
-            return True
+        return True
 
     def origin_url(self) -> str | None:
         """Get the Git repository's remote URL."""
         try:
-            result = run_command(
-                ["git", "remote", "get-url", "origin"],
+            result = subprocess.run(
+                ["git", "remote", "get-url", "origin"],  # noqa: S607
                 cwd=self.path,
                 capture_output=True,
                 text=True,

lib/crewai/src/crewai/cli/install_crew.py

@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@ import subprocess
 
 import click
 
-from crewai.cli.subprocess_utils import run_command
-
 
 # Be mindful about changing this.
 # on some environments we don't use this command but instead uv sync directly
@@ -15,7 +13,7 @@ def install_crew(proxy_options: list[str]) -> None:
     """
     try:
         command = ["uv", "sync", *proxy_options]
-        run_command(command, check=True, capture_output=False, text=True)
+        subprocess.run(command, check=True, capture_output=False, text=True)  # noqa: S603
 
     except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
         click.echo(f"An error occurred while running the crew: {e}", err=True)

lib/crewai/src/crewai/cli/kickoff_flow.py

@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@ import subprocess
 
 import click
 
-from crewai.cli.subprocess_utils import run_command
-
 
 def kickoff_flow() -> None:
     """
@@ -12,7 +10,7 @@ def kickoff_flow() -> None:
     command = ["uv", "run", "kickoff"]
 
     try:
-        result = run_command(command, capture_output=False, text=True, check=True)
+        result = subprocess.run(command, capture_output=False, text=True, check=True)
 
         if result.stderr:
             click.echo(result.stderr, err=True)

lib/crewai/src/crewai/cli/plot_flow.py

@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@ import subprocess
 
 import click
 
-from crewai.cli.subprocess_utils import run_command
-
 
 def plot_flow() -> None:
     """
@@ -12,7 +10,7 @@ def plot_flow() -> None:
     command = ["uv", "run", "plot"]
 
     try:
-        result = run_command(command, capture_output=False, text=True, check=True)
+        result = subprocess.run(command, capture_output=False, text=True, check=True)
 
         if result.stderr:
             click.echo(result.stderr, err=True)

lib/crewai/src/crewai/cli/plus_api.py

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
-from typing import List, Optional
 from urllib.parse import urljoin
 
 import requests
 
 from crewai.cli.config import Settings
-from crewai.cli.version import get_crewai_version
 from crewai.cli.constants import DEFAULT_CREWAI_ENTERPRISE_URL
+from crewai.cli.version import get_crewai_version
 
 
 class PlusAPI:
@@ -56,9 +55,9 @@ class PlusAPI:
         handle: str,
         is_public: bool,
         version: str,
-        description: Optional[str],
+        description: str | None,
         encoded_file: str,
-        available_exports: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        available_exports: list[str] | None = None,
     ):
         params = {
             "handle": handle,
@@ -167,3 +166,13 @@ class PlusAPI:
             json=payload,
             timeout=30,
         )
+
+    def mark_trace_batch_as_failed(
+        self, trace_batch_id: str, error_message: str
+    ) -> requests.Response:
+        return self._make_request(
+            "PATCH",
+            f"{self.TRACING_RESOURCE}/batches/{trace_batch_id}",
+            json={"status": "failed", "failure_reason": error_message},
+            timeout=30,
+        )

lib/crewai/src/crewai/cli/provider.py

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-import os
-import certifi
 import json
+import os
 import time
 from collections import defaultdict
 from pathlib import Path
 
+import certifi
 import click
 import requests
 
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ def select_choice(prompt_message, choices):
 
     provider_models = get_provider_data()
     if not provider_models:
-        return
+        return None
     click.secho(prompt_message, fg="cyan")
     for idx, choice in enumerate(choices, start=1):
         click.secho(f"{idx}. {choice}", fg="cyan")
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ def select_provider(provider_models):
     all_providers = sorted(set(predefined_providers + list(provider_models.keys())))
 
     provider = select_choice(
-        "Select a provider to set up:", predefined_providers + ["other"]
+        "Select a provider to set up:", [*predefined_providers, "other"]
     )
     if provider is None:  # User typed 'q'
         return None
@@ -102,10 +102,9 @@ def select_model(provider, provider_models):
         click.secho(f"No models available for provider '{provider}'.", fg="red")
         return None
 
-    selected_model = select_choice(
+    return select_choice(
         f"Select a model to use for {provider.capitalize()}:", available_models
     )
-    return selected_model
 
 
 def load_provider_data(cache_file, cache_expiry):
@@ -165,7 +164,7 @@ def fetch_provider_data(cache_file):
     Returns:
     - dict or None: The fetched provider data or None if the operation fails.
     """
-    ssl_config = os.environ['SSL_CERT_FILE'] = certifi.where()
+    ssl_config = os.environ["SSL_CERT_FILE"] = certifi.where()
 
     try:
         response = requests.get(JSON_URL, stream=True, timeout=60, verify=ssl_config)

lib/crewai/src/crewai/cli/replay_from_task.py

@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@ import subprocess
 
 import click
 
-from crewai.cli.subprocess_utils import run_command
-
 
 def replay_task_command(task_id: str) -> None:
     """
@@ -15,7 +13,7 @@ def replay_task_command(task_id: str) -> None:
     command = ["uv", "run", "replay", task_id]
 
     try:
-        result = run_command(command, capture_output=False, text=True, check=True)
+        result = subprocess.run(command, capture_output=False, text=True, check=True)
         if result.stderr:
             click.echo(result.stderr, err=True)
 

lib/crewai/src/crewai/cli/run_crew.py

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ from packaging import version
 
 from crewai.cli.utils import read_toml
 from crewai.cli.version import get_crewai_version
-from crewai.cli.subprocess_utils import run_command
 
 
 class CrewType(Enum):
@@ -57,7 +56,7 @@ def execute_command(crew_type: CrewType) -> None:
     command = ["uv", "run", "kickoff" if crew_type == CrewType.FLOW else "run_crew"]
 
     try:
-        run_command(command, capture_output=False, text=True, check=True)
+        subprocess.run(command, capture_output=False, text=True, check=True)  # noqa: S603
 
     except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
         handle_error(e, crew_type)

lib/crewai/src/crewai/cli/shared/token_manager.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import os
 import sys
 from datetime import datetime
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Optional
+
 from cryptography.fernet import Fernet
 
 
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ class TokenManager:
         encrypted_data = self.fernet.encrypt(json.dumps(data).encode())
         self.save_secure_file(self.file_path, encrypted_data)
 
-    def get_token(self) -> Optional[str]:
+    def get_token(self) -> str | None:
         """
         Get the access token if it is valid and not expired.
 
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ class TokenManager:
         # Set appropriate permissions (read/write for owner only)
         os.chmod(file_path, 0o600)
 
-    def read_secure_file(self, filename: str) -> Optional[bytes]:
+    def read_secure_file(self, filename: str) -> bytes | None:
         """
         Read the content of a secure file.
 

lib/crewai/src/crewai/cli/templates/crew/pyproject.toml

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ description = "{{name}} using crewAI"
 authors = [{ name = "Your Name", email = "you@example.com" }]
 requires-python = ">=3.10,<3.14"
 dependencies = [
-    "crewai[tools]>=0.186.1,<1.0.0"
+    "crewai[tools]>=0.201.1,<1.0.0"
 ]
 
 [project.scripts]