preparing new verions

Updated the installation guide link to use the absolute URL instead of a relative path, ensuring it correctly points to 'https://docs.crewai.com/how-to/Installing-CrewAI/'.

.github/workflows/tests.yml

@@ -19,13 +19,12 @@ jobs:
       - name: Setup Python
         uses: actions/setup-python@v4
         with:
-          python-version: "3.10"
+          python-version: "3.11.9"
 
       - name: Install Requirements
         run: |
-          sudo apt-get update &&
-          pip install poetry &&
-          poetry lock &&
+          set -e
+          pip install poetry
           poetry install
 
       - name: Run tests

.gitignore

@@ -11,4 +11,8 @@ chroma.sqlite3
 old_en.json
 db/
 test.py
-rc-tests/*
+rc-tests/*
+*.pkl
+temp/*
+.vscode/*
+crew_tasks_output.json

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ repos:
   - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
     rev: v0.4.4
     hooks:
-      # Run the linter.
       - id: ruff
-        args: [--fix]
+        args: ["--fix"]
+        exclude: "templates"
+      - id: ruff-format
+        exclude: "templates"

README.md

@@ -70,6 +70,17 @@ os.environ["SERPER_API_KEY"] = "Your Key" # serper.dev API key
 # os.environ["OPENAI_MODEL_NAME"] ='openhermes'  # Adjust based on available model
 # os.environ["OPENAI_API_KEY"] ='sk-111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111'
 
+# You can pass an optional llm attribute specifying what model you wanna use.
+# It can be a local model through Ollama / LM Studio or a remote
+# model like OpenAI, Mistral, Antrophic or others (https://docs.crewai.com/how-to/LLM-Connections/)
+#
+# import os
+# os.environ['OPENAI_MODEL_NAME'] = 'gpt-3.5-turbo'
+#
+# OR
+#
+# from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
+
 search_tool = SerperDevTool()
 
 # Define your agents with roles and goals
@@ -81,18 +92,9 @@ researcher = Agent(
   You have a knack for dissecting complex data and presenting actionable insights.""",
   verbose=True,
   allow_delegation=False,
-  tools=[search_tool]
   # You can pass an optional llm attribute specifying what model you wanna use.
-  # It can be a local model through Ollama / LM Studio or a remote
-  # model like OpenAI, Mistral, Antrophic or others (https://docs.crewai.com/how-to/LLM-Connections/)
-  #
-  # import os
-  # os.environ['OPENAI_MODEL_NAME'] = 'gpt-3.5-turbo'
-  #
-  # OR
-  #
-  # from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
-  # llm=ChatOpenAI(model_name="gpt-3.5", temperature=0.7)
+  # llm=ChatOpenAI(model_name="gpt-3.5", temperature=0.7),
+  tools=[search_tool]
 )
 writer = Agent(
   role='Tech Content Strategist',
@@ -125,6 +127,7 @@ crew = Crew(
   agents=[researcher, writer],
   tasks=[task1, task2],
   verbose=2, # You can set it to 1 or 2 to different logging levels
+  process = Process.sequential
 )
 
 # Get your crew to work!
@@ -193,6 +196,7 @@ Please refer to the [Connect crewAI to LLMs](https://docs.crewai.com/how-to/LLM-
 
 **CrewAI's Advantage**: CrewAI is built with production in mind. It offers the flexibility of Autogen's conversational agents and the structured process approach of ChatDev, but without the rigidity. CrewAI's processes are designed to be dynamic and adaptable, fitting seamlessly into both development and production workflows.
 
+
 ## Contribution
 
 CrewAI is open-source and we welcome contributions. If you're looking to contribute, please:

docs/core-concepts/Agents.md

@@ -16,21 +16,24 @@ description: What are crewAI Agents and how to use them.
 
 ## Agent Attributes
 
-| Attribute                  | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
-| :------------------------- | :--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
-| **Role**                   | Defines the agent's function within the crew. It determines the kind of tasks the agent is best suited for.                                                                                                                                    |
-| **Goal**                   | The individual objective that the agent aims to achieve. It guides the agent's decision-making process.                                                                                                                                        |
-| **Backstory**              | Provides context to the agent's role and goal, enriching the interaction and collaboration dynamics.                                                                                                                                           |
-| **LLM** *(optional)*       | Represents the language model that will run the agent. It dynamically fetches the model name from the `OPENAI_MODEL_NAME` environment variable, defaulting to "gpt-4" if not specified.                                                         |
-| **Tools** *(optional)*     | Set of capabilities or functions that the agent can use to perform tasks. Expected to be instances of custom classes compatible with the agent's execution environment. Tools are initialized with a default value of an empty list.             |
-| **Function Calling LLM** *(optional)* | Specifies the language model that will handle the tool calling for this agent, overriding the crew function calling LLM if passed. Default is `None`.                                                                                          |
-| **Max Iter** *(optional)*  | The maximum number of iterations the agent can perform before being forced to give its best answer. Default is `25`.                                                                                                                           |
-| **Max RPM** *(optional)*   | The maximum number of requests per minute the agent can perform to avoid rate limits. It's optional and can be left unspecified, with a default value of `None`.                                                                               |
-| **max_execution_time** *(optional)*   | Maximum execution time for an agent to execute a task It's optional and can be left unspecified, with a default value of `None`, menaning no max execution time                                                                     |
-| **Verbose** *(optional)*   | Setting this to `True` configures the internal logger to provide detailed execution logs, aiding in debugging and monitoring. Default is `False`.                                                                                              |
-| **Allow Delegation** *(optional)* | Agents can delegate tasks or questions to one another, ensuring that each task is handled by the most suitable agent. Default is `True`.                                                                                                       |
-| **Step Callback** *(optional)* | A function that is called after each step of the agent. This can be used to log the agent's actions or to perform other operations. It will overwrite the crew `step_callback`.                                                               |
-| **Cache** *(optional)*     | Indicates if the agent should use a cache for tool usage. Default is `True`.                                                                                                                                                                  |
+| Attribute                  | Parameter  | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
+| :------------------------- | :---- | :--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Role**                   | `role`  | Defines the agent's function within the crew. It determines the kind of tasks the agent is best suited for.                                                                                                                                    |
+| **Goal**                   | `goal`  | The individual objective that the agent aims to achieve. It guides the agent's decision-making process.                                                                                                                                        |
+| **Backstory**              | `backstory`  | Provides context to the agent's role and goal, enriching the interaction and collaboration dynamics.                                                                                                                                           |
+| **LLM** *(optional)*       | `llm`  | Represents the language model that will run the agent. It dynamically fetches the model name from the `OPENAI_MODEL_NAME` environment variable, defaulting to "gpt-4" if not specified.                                                         |
+| **Tools** *(optional)*     | `tools`  | Set of capabilities or functions that the agent can use to perform tasks. Expected to be instances of custom classes compatible with the agent's execution environment. Tools are initialized with a default value of an empty list.             |
+| **Function Calling LLM** *(optional)* | `function_calling_llm`  | Specifies the language model that will handle the tool calling for this agent, overriding the crew function calling LLM if passed. Default is `None`.                                                                                          |
+| **Max Iter** *(optional)*  | `max_iter` | Max Iter is the maximum number of iterations the agent can perform before being forced to give its best answer. Default is `25`.                                                                                                                           |
+| **Max RPM** *(optional)*   | `max_rpm`  | Max RPM is the maximum number of requests per minute the agent can perform to avoid rate limits. It's optional and can be left unspecified, with a default value of `None`.                                                                               |
+| **Max Execution Time** *(optional)*   | `max_execution_time`  | Max Execution Time is the Maximum execution time for an agent to execute a task. It's optional and can be left unspecified, with a default value of `None`, meaning no max execution time.                                                                     |
+| **Verbose** *(optional)*   | `verbose`  | Setting this to `True` configures the internal logger to provide detailed execution logs, aiding in debugging and monitoring. Default is `False`.                                                                                              |
+| **Allow Delegation** *(optional)* | `allow_delegation`  | Agents can delegate tasks or questions to one another, ensuring that each task is handled by the most suitable agent. Default is `True`.                                                                                                       |
+| **Step Callback** *(optional)* | `step_callback`  | A function that is called after each step of the agent. This can be used to log the agent's actions or to perform other operations. It will overwrite the crew `step_callback`.                                                               |
+| **Cache** *(optional)*     | `cache`  | Indicates if the agent should use a cache for tool usage. Default is `True`.                                                                                                                                                                  |
+| **System Template** *(optional)*     | `system_template`  | Specifies the system format for the agent. Default is `None`.                                                                                                                                                                  |
+| **Prompt Template** *(optional)*     | `prompt_template`  | Specifies the prompt format for the agent. Default is `None`.                                                                                                                                                                  |
+| **Response Template** *(optional)*     | `response_template`  | Specifies the response format for the agent. Default is `None`.                                                                                                                                                                  |
 
 ## Creating an Agent
 
@@ -56,12 +59,91 @@ agent = Agent(
   function_calling_llm=my_llm,  # Optional
   max_iter=15,  # Optional
   max_rpm=None, # Optional
+  max_execution_time=None, # Optional
   verbose=True,  # Optional
   allow_delegation=True,  # Optional
   step_callback=my_intermediate_step_callback,  # Optional
-  cache=True  # Optional
+  cache=True,  # Optional
+  system_template=my_system_template,  # Optional
+  prompt_template=my_prompt_template,  # Optional
+  response_template=my_response_template,  # Optional
+  config=my_config,  # Optional
+  crew=my_crew,  # Optional
+  tools_handler=my_tools_handler,  # Optional
+  cache_handler=my_cache_handler,  # Optional
+  callbacks=[callback1, callback2],  # Optional
+  agent_executor=my_agent_executor  # Optional
 )
 ```
 
+## Setting prompt templates
+
+Prompt templates are used to format the prompt for the agent. You can use to update the system, regular and response templates for the agent. Here's an example of how to set prompt templates:
+
+```python
+agent = Agent(
+        role="{topic} specialist",
+        goal="Figure {goal} out",
+        backstory="I am the master of {role}",
+        system_template="""<|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
+
+{{ .System }}<|eot_id|>""",
+        prompt_template="""<|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
+
+{{ .Prompt }}<|eot_id|>""",
+        response_template="""<|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
+
+{{ .Response }}<|eot_id|>""",
+    )
+```
+
+## Bring your Third Party Agents
+!!! note "Extend your Third Party Agents like LlamaIndex, Langchain, Autogen or fully custom agents using the the crewai's BaseAgent class."
+
+    BaseAgent includes attributes and methods required to integrate with your crews to run and delegate tasks to other agents within your own crew.
+
+    CrewAI is a universal multi agent framework that allows for all agents to work together to automate tasks and solve problems.
+
+
+```py
+from crewai import Agent, Task, Crew
+from custom_agent import CustomAgent # You need to build and extend your own agent logic with the CrewAI BaseAgent class then import it here.
+
+from langchain.agents import load_tools
+
+langchain_tools = load_tools(["google-serper"], llm=llm)
+
+agent1 = CustomAgent(
+    role="backstory agent",
+    goal="who is {input}?",
+    backstory="agent backstory",
+    verbose=True,
+)
+
+task1 = Task(
+    expected_output="a short biography of {input}",
+    description="a short biography of {input}",
+    agent=agent1,
+)
+
+agent2 = Agent(
+    role="bio agent",
+    goal="summarize the short bio for {input} and if needed do more research",
+    backstory="agent backstory",
+    verbose=True,
+)
+
+task2 = Task(
+    description="a tldr summary of the short biography",
+    expected_output="5 bullet point summary of the biography",
+    agent=agent2,
+    context=[task1],
+)
+
+my_crew = Crew(agents=[agent1, agent2], tasks=[task1, task2])
+crew = my_crew.kickoff(inputs={"input": "Mark Twain"})
+```
+
+
 ## Conclusion
-Agents are the building blocks of the CrewAI framework. By understanding how to define and interact with agents, you can create sophisticated AI systems that leverage the power of collaborative intelligence.
+Agents are the building blocks of the CrewAI framework. By understanding how to define and interact with agents, you can create sophisticated AI systems that leverage the power of collaborative intelligence.

docs/core-concepts/Collaboration.md

@@ -15,16 +15,19 @@ description: Exploring the dynamics of agent collaboration within the CrewAI fra
 The `Crew` class has been enriched with several attributes to support advanced functionalities:
 
 - **Language Model Management (`manager_llm`, `function_calling_llm`)**: Manages language models for executing tasks and tools, facilitating sophisticated agent-tool interactions. Note that while `manager_llm` is mandatory for hierarchical processes to ensure proper execution flow, `function_calling_llm` is optional, with a default value provided for streamlined tool interaction.
+- **Custom Manager Agent (`manager_agent`)**: Allows specifying a custom agent as the manager instead of using the default manager provided by CrewAI.
 - **Process Flow (`process`)**: Defines the execution logic (e.g., sequential, hierarchical) to streamline task distribution and execution.
 - **Verbose Logging (`verbose`)**: Offers detailed logging capabilities for monitoring and debugging purposes. It supports both integer and boolean types to indicate the verbosity level. For example, setting `verbose` to 1 might enable basic logging, whereas setting it to True enables more detailed logs.
 - **Rate Limiting (`max_rpm`)**: Ensures efficient utilization of resources by limiting requests per minute. Guidelines for setting `max_rpm` should consider the complexity of tasks and the expected load on resources.
-- **Internationalization Support (`language`, `language_file`)**: Facilitates operation in multiple languages, enhancing global usability. Supported languages and the process for utilizing the `language_file` attribute for customization should be clearly documented.
+- **Internationalization / Customization Support (`language`, `prompt_file`)**: Facilitates full customization of the inner prompts, enhancing global usability. Supported languages and the process for utilizing the `prompt_file` attribute for customization should be clearly documented. [Example of file](https://github.com/joaomdmoura/crewAI/blob/main/src/crewai/translations/en.json)
 - **Execution and Output Handling (`full_output`)**: Distinguishes between full and final outputs for nuanced control over task results. Examples showcasing the difference in outputs can aid in understanding the practical implications of this attribute.
 - **Callback and Telemetry (`step_callback`, `task_callback`)**: Integrates callbacks for step-wise and task-level execution monitoring, alongside telemetry for performance analytics. The purpose and usage of `task_callback` alongside `step_callback` for granular monitoring should be clearly explained.
 - **Crew Sharing (`share_crew`)**: Enables sharing of crew information with CrewAI for continuous improvement and training models. The privacy implications and benefits of this feature, including how it contributes to model improvement, should be outlined.
 - **Usage Metrics (`usage_metrics`)**: Stores all metrics for the language model (LLM) usage during all tasks' execution, providing insights into operational efficiency and areas for improvement. Detailed information on accessing and interpreting these metrics for performance analysis should be provided.
 - **Memory Usage (`memory`)**: Indicates whether the crew should use memory to store memories of its execution, enhancing task execution and agent learning.
 - **Embedder Configuration (`embedder`)**: Specifies the configuration for the embedder to be used by the crew for understanding and generating language. This attribute supports customization of the language model provider.
+- **Cache Management (`cache`)**: Determines whether the crew should use a cache to store the results of tool executions, optimizing performance.
+- **Output Logging (`output_log_file`)**: Specifies the file path for logging the output of the crew execution.
 
 ## Delegation: Dividing to Conquer
 Delegation enhances functionality by allowing agents to intelligently assign tasks or seek help, thereby amplifying the crew's overall capability.
@@ -36,4 +39,4 @@ Setting up a crew involves defining the roles and capabilities of each agent. Cr
 Consider a crew with a researcher agent tasked with data gathering and a writer agent responsible for compiling reports. The integration of advanced language model management and process flow attributes allows for more sophisticated interactions, such as the writer delegating complex research tasks to the researcher or querying specific information, thereby facilitating a seamless workflow.
 
 ## Conclusion
-The integration of advanced attributes and functionalities into the CrewAI framework significantly enriches the agent collaboration ecosystem. These enhancements not only simplify interactions but also offer unprecedented flexibility and control, paving the way for sophisticated AI-driven solutions capable of tackling complex tasks through intelligent collaboration and delegation.
+The integration of advanced attributes and functionalities into the CrewAI framework significantly enriches the agent collaboration ecosystem. These enhancements not only simplify interactions but also offer unprecedented flexibility and control, paving the way for sophisticated AI-driven solutions capable of tackling complex tasks through intelligent collaboration and delegation.

docs/core-concepts/Crews.md

@@ -4,34 +4,38 @@ description: Understanding and utilizing crews in the crewAI framework with comp
 ---
 
 ## What is a Crew?
+
 A crew in crewAI represents a collaborative group of agents working together to achieve a set of tasks. Each crew defines the strategy for task execution, agent collaboration, and the overall workflow.
 
 ## Crew Attributes
 
-| Attribute                   | Description                                                  |
-| :-------------------------- | :----------------------------------------------------------- |
-| **Tasks**                   | A list of tasks assigned to the crew.                        |
-| **Agents**                  | A list of agents that are part of the crew.                  |
-| **Process** *(optional)*    | The process flow (e.g., sequential, hierarchical) the crew follows. |
-| **Verbose** *(optional)*    | The verbosity level for logging during execution.            |
-| **Manager LLM** *(optional)*| The language model used by the manager agent in a hierarchical process. **Required when using a hierarchical process.** |
-| **Function Calling LLM** *(optional)* | If passed, the crew will use this LLM to do function calling for tools for all agents in the crew. Each agent can have its own LLM, which overrides the crew's LLM for function calling. |
-| **Config** *(optional)*     | Optional configuration settings for the crew, in `Json` or `Dict[str, Any]` format. |
-| **Max RPM** *(optional)*    | Maximum requests per minute the crew adheres to during execution. |
-| **Language**  *(optional)*  | Language used for the crew, defaults to English.             |
-| **Language File** *(optional)* | Path to the language file to be used for the crew.          |
-| **Memory** *(optional)*     | Utilized for storing execution memories (short-term, long-term, entity memory). |
-| **Cache** *(optional)*      | Specifies whether to use a cache for storing the results of tools' execution. |
-| **Embedder** *(optional)*   | Configuration for the embedder to be used by the crew. mostly used by memory for now       |
-| **Full Output** *(optional)*| Whether the crew should return the full output with all tasks outputs or just the final output. |
-| **Step Callback** *(optional)* | A function that is called after each step of every agent. This can be used to log the agent's actions or to perform other operations; it won't override the agent-specific `step_callback`. |
-| **Task Callback** *(optional)* | A function that is called after the completion of each task. Useful for monitoring or additional operations post-task execution. |
-| **Share Crew** *(optional)* | Whether you want to share the complete crew information and execution with the crewAI team to make the library better, and allow us to train models. |
-| **Output Log File** *(optional)* | Whether you want to have a file with the complete crew output and execution. You can set it using True and it will default to the folder you are currently and it will be called logs.txt or passing a string with the full path and name of the file. |
-
+| Attribute                             | Parameters             | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
+| :------------------------------------ | :--------------------- | :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Tasks**                             | `tasks`                | A list of tasks assigned to the crew.                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
+| **Agents**                            | `agents`               | A list of agents that are part of the crew.                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
+| **Process** _(optional)_              | `process`              | The process flow (e.g., sequential, hierarchical) the crew follows.                                                                                                                                                                                       |
+| **Verbose** _(optional)_              | `verbose`              | The verbosity level for logging during execution.                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
+| **Manager LLM** _(optional)_          | `manager_llm`          | The language model used by the manager agent in a hierarchical process. **Required when using a hierarchical process.**                                                                                                                                   |
+| **Function Calling LLM** _(optional)_ | `function_calling_llm` | If passed, the crew will use this LLM to do function calling for tools for all agents in the crew. Each agent can have its own LLM, which overrides the crew's LLM for function calling.                                                                  |
+| **Config** _(optional)_               | `config`               | Optional configuration settings for the crew, in `Json` or `Dict[str, Any]` format.                                                                                                                                                                       |
+| **Max RPM** _(optional)_              | `max_rpm`              | Maximum requests per minute the crew adheres to during execution.                                                                                                                                                                                         |
+| **Language** _(optional)_             | `language`             | Language used for the crew, defaults to English.                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
+| **Language File** _(optional)_        | `language_file`        | Path to the language file to be used for the crew.                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
+| **Memory** _(optional)_               | `memory`               | Utilized for storing execution memories (short-term, long-term, entity memory).                                                                                                                                                                           |
+| **Cache** _(optional)_                | `cache`                | Specifies whether to use a cache for storing the results of tools' execution.                                                                                                                                                                             |
+| **Embedder** _(optional)_             | `embedder`             | Configuration for the embedder to be used by the crew. Mostly used by memory for now.                                                                                                                                                                     |
+| **Full Output** _(optional)_          | `full_output`          | Whether the crew should return the full output with all tasks outputs or just the final output.                                                                                                                                                           |
+| **Step Callback** _(optional)_        | `step_callback`        | A function that is called after each step of every agent. This can be used to log the agent's actions or to perform other operations; it won't override the agent-specific `step_callback`.                                                               |
+| **Task Callback** _(optional)_        | `task_callback`        | A function that is called after the completion of each task. Useful for monitoring or additional operations post-task execution.                                                                                                                          |
+| **Share Crew** _(optional)_           | `share_crew`           | Whether you want to share the complete crew information and execution with the crewAI team to make the library better, and allow us to train models.                                                                                                      |
+| **Output Log File** _(optional)_      | `output_log_file`      | Whether you want to have a file with the complete crew output and execution. You can set it using True and it will default to the folder you are currently in and it will be called logs.txt or passing a string with the full path and name of the file. |
+| **Manager Agent** _(optional)_        | `manager_agent`        | `manager` sets a custom agent that will be used as a manager.                                                                                                                                                                                             |
+| **Manager Callbacks** _(optional)_    | `manager_callbacks`    | `manager_callbacks` takes a list of callback handlers to be executed by the manager agent when a hierarchical process is used.                                                                                                                            |
+| **Prompt File** _(optional)_          | `prompt_file`          | Path to the prompt JSON file to be used for the crew.                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
+| **Planning** *(optional)*             | `planning`             |  Adds planning ability to the Crew. When activated before each Crew iteration, all Crew data is sent to an AgentPlanner that will plan the tasks and this plan will be added to each task description.
 
 !!! note "Crew Max RPM"
-    The `max_rpm` attribute sets the maximum number of requests per minute the crew can perform to avoid rate limits and will override individual agents' `max_rpm` settings if you set it.
+The `max_rpm` attribute sets the maximum number of requests per minute the crew can perform to avoid rate limits and will override individual agents' `max_rpm` settings if you set it.
 
 ## Creating a Crew
 
@@ -42,28 +46,45 @@ When assembling a crew, you combine agents with complementary roles and tools, a
 ```python
 from crewai import Crew, Agent, Task, Process
 from langchain_community.tools import DuckDuckGoSearchRun
+from crewai_tools import tool
+
+@tool('DuckDuckGoSearch')
+def search(search_query: str):
+    """Search the web for information on a given topic"""
+    return DuckDuckGoSearchRun().run(search_query)
 
 # Define agents with specific roles and tools
 researcher = Agent(
     role='Senior Research Analyst',
     goal='Discover innovative AI technologies',
-    tools=[DuckDuckGoSearchRun()]
+    backstory="""You're a senior research analyst at a large company.
+        You're responsible for analyzing data and providing insights
+        to the business.
+        You're currently working on a project to analyze the
+        trends and innovations in the space of artificial intelligence.""",
+    tools=[search]
 )
 
 writer = Agent(
     role='Content Writer',
     goal='Write engaging articles on AI discoveries',
+    backstory="""You're a senior writer at a large company.
+        You're responsible for creating content to the business.
+        You're currently working on a project to write about trends
+        and innovations in the space of AI for your next meeting.""",
     verbose=True
 )
 
 # Create tasks for the agents
 research_task = Task(
     description='Identify breakthrough AI technologies',
-    agent=researcher
+    agent=researcher,
+    expected_output='A bullet list summary of the top 5 most important AI news'
 )
 write_article_task = Task(
     description='Draft an article on the latest AI technologies',
-    agent=writer
+    agent=writer,
+    expected_output='3 paragraph blog post on the latest AI technologies'
 )
 
 # Assemble the crew with a sequential process
@@ -76,6 +97,57 @@ my_crew = Crew(
 )
 ```
 
+## Crew Output
+
+!!! note "Understanding Crew Outputs"
+The output of a crew in the crewAI framework is encapsulated within the `CrewOutput` class.
+This class provides a structured way to access results of the crew's execution, including various formats such as raw strings, JSON, and Pydantic models.
+The `CrewOutput` includes the results from the final task output, token usage, and individual task outputs.
+
+### Crew Output Attributes
+
+| Attribute        | Parameters     | Type                       | Description                                                                                          |
+| :--------------- | :------------- | :------------------------- | :--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Raw**          | `raw`          | `str`                      | The raw output of the crew. This is the default format for the output.                               |
+| **Pydantic**     | `pydantic`     | `Optional[BaseModel]`      | A Pydantic model object representing the structured output of the crew.                              |
+| **JSON Dict**    | `json_dict`    | `Optional[Dict[str, Any]]` | A dictionary representing the JSON output of the crew.                                               |
+| **Tasks Output** | `tasks_output` | `List[TaskOutput]`         | A list of `TaskOutput` objects, each representing the output of a task in the crew.                  |
+| **Token Usage**  | `token_usage`  | `Dict[str, Any]`           | A summary of token usage, providing insights into the language model's performance during execution. |
+
+### Crew Output Methods and Properties
+
+| Method/Property | Description                                                                                       |
+| :-------------- | :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| **json**        | Returns the JSON string representation of the crew output if the output format is JSON.           |
+| **to_dict**     | Converts the JSON and Pydantic outputs to a dictionary.                                           |
+| \***\*str\*\*** | Returns the string representation of the crew output, prioritizing Pydantic, then JSON, then raw. |
+
+### Accessing Crew Outputs
+
+Once a crew has been executed, its output can be accessed through the `output` attribute of the `Crew` object. The `CrewOutput` class provides various ways to interact with and present this output.
+
+#### Example
+
+```python
+# Example crew execution
+crew = Crew(
+    agents=[research_agent, writer_agent],
+    tasks=[research_task, write_article_task],
+    verbose=2
+)
+
+result = crew.kickoff()
+
+# Accessing the crew output
+print(f"Raw Output: {crew_output.raw}")
+if crew_output.json_dict:
+    print(f"JSON Output: {json.dumps(crew_output.json_dict, indent=2)}")
+if crew_output.pydantic:
+    print(f"Pydantic Output: {crew_output.pydantic}")
+print(f"Tasks Output: {crew_output.tasks_output}")
+print(f"Token Usage: {crew_output.token_usage}")
+```
+
 ## Memory Utilization
 
 Crews can utilize memory (short-term, long-term, and entity memory) to enhance their execution and learning over time. This feature allows crews to store and recall execution memories, aiding in decision-making and task execution strategies.
@@ -98,7 +170,7 @@ print(crew.usage_metrics)
 ## Crew Execution Process
 
 - **Sequential Process**: Tasks are executed one after another, allowing for a linear flow of work.
-- **Hierarchical Process**: A manager agent coordinates the crew, delegating tasks and validating outcomes before proceeding. **Note**: A `manager_llm` is required for this process and it's essential for validating the process flow.
+- **Hierarchical Process**: A manager agent coordinates the crew, delegating tasks and validating outcomes before proceeding. **Note**: A `manager_llm` or `manager_agent` is required for this process and it's essential for validating the process flow.
 
 ### Kicking Off a Crew
 
@@ -109,3 +181,66 @@ Once your crew is assembled, initiate the workflow with the `kickoff()` method.
 result = my_crew.kickoff()
 print(result)
 ```
+
+### Different ways to Kicking Off a Crew
+
+Once your crew is assembled, initiate the workflow with the appropriate kickoff method. CrewAI provides several methods for better control over the kickoff process: `kickoff()`, `kickoff_for_each()`, `kickoff_async()`, and `kickoff_for_each_async()`.
+
+`kickoff()`: Starts the execution process according to the defined process flow.
+`kickoff_for_each()`: Executes tasks for each agent individually.
+`kickoff_async()`: Initiates the workflow asynchronously.
+`kickoff_for_each_async()`: Executes tasks for each agent individually in an asynchronous manner.
+
+```python
+# Start the crew's task execution
+result = my_crew.kickoff()
+print(result)
+
+# Example of using kickoff_for_each
+inputs_array = [{'topic': 'AI in healthcare'}, {'topic': 'AI in finance'}]
+results = my_crew.kickoff_for_each(inputs=inputs_array)
+for result in results:
+    print(result)
+
+# Example of using kickoff_async
+inputs = {'topic': 'AI in healthcare'}
+async_result = my_crew.kickoff_async(inputs=inputs)
+print(async_result)
+
+# Example of using kickoff_for_each_async
+inputs_array = [{'topic': 'AI in healthcare'}, {'topic': 'AI in finance'}]
+async_results = my_crew.kickoff_for_each_async(inputs=inputs_array)
+for async_result in async_results:
+    print(async_result)
+```
+
+These methods provide flexibility in how you manage and execute tasks within your crew, allowing for both synchronous and asynchronous workflows tailored to your needs
+
+
+### Replaying from specific task:
+You can now replay from a specific task using our cli command replay.
+
+The replay_from_tasks feature in CrewAI allows you to replay from a specific task using the command-line interface (CLI). By running the command `crewai replay -t <task_id>`, you can specify the `task_id` for the replay process.
+
+Kickoffs will now save the latest kickoffs returned task outputs locally for you to be able to replay from.
+
+
+### Replaying from specific task Using the CLI
+To use the replay feature, follow these steps:
+
+1. Open your terminal or command prompt.
+2. Navigate to the directory where your CrewAI project is located.
+3. Run the following command:
+
+To view latest kickoff task_ids use:
+
+```shell
+crewai log-tasks-outputs
+```
+
+
+```shell
+crewai replay -t <task_id>
+```
+
+These commands let you replay from your latest kickoff tasks, still retaining context from previously executed tasks.

docs/core-concepts/Memory.md

@@ -5,16 +5,16 @@ description: Leveraging memory systems in the crewAI framework to enhance agent
 
 ## Introduction to Memory Systems in crewAI
 !!! note "Enhancing Agent Intelligence"
-    The crewAI framework introduces a sophisticated memory system designed to significantly enhance the capabilities of AI agents. This system comprises short-term memory, long-term memory, entity memory, and newly identified contextual memory, each serving a unique purpose in aiding agents to remember, reason, and learn from past interactions.
+    The crewAI framework introduces a sophisticated memory system designed to significantly enhance the capabilities of AI agents. This system comprises short-term memory, long-term memory, entity memory, and contextual memory, each serving a unique purpose in aiding agents to remember, reason, and learn from past interactions.
 
 ## Memory System Components
 
 | Component            | Description                                                  |
 | :------------------- | :----------------------------------------------------------- |
-| **Short-Term Memory**| Temporarily stores recent interactions and outcomes, enabling agents to recall and utilize information relevant to their current context. |
-| **Long-Term Memory** | Preserves valuable insights and learnings from past executions, allowing agents to build and refine their knowledge over time. |
+| **Short-Term Memory**| Temporarily stores recent interactions and outcomes, enabling agents to recall and utilize information relevant to their current context during the current executions. |
+| **Long-Term Memory** | Preserves valuable insights and learnings from past executions, allowing agents to build and refine their knowledge over time. So Agents can remember what they did right and wrong across multiple executions |
 | **Entity Memory**    | Captures and organizes information about entities (people, places, concepts) encountered during tasks, facilitating deeper understanding and relationship mapping. |
-| **Contextual Memory**| Maintains the context of interactions, aiding in the coherence and relevance of agent responses over a sequence of tasks or a conversation. |
+| **Contextual Memory**| Maintains the context of interactions by combining `ShortTermMemory`, `LongTermMemory`, and `EntityMemory`, aiding in the coherence and relevance of agent responses over a sequence of tasks or a conversation. |
 
 ## How Memory Systems Empower Agents
 
@@ -27,8 +27,12 @@ description: Leveraging memory systems in the crewAI framework to enhance agent
 ## Implementing Memory in Your Crew
 
 When configuring a crew, you can enable and customize each memory component to suit the crew's objectives and the nature of tasks it will perform.
-By default, the memory system is disabled, and you can ensure it is active by setting `memory=True` in the crew configuration.
-The memory will use OpenAI Embeddings by default, but you can change it by setting `embedder` to a different model.
+By default, the memory system is disabled, and you can ensure it is active by setting `memory=True` in the crew configuration. The memory will use OpenAI Embeddings by default, but you can change it by setting `embedder` to a different model.
+
+The 'embedder' only applies to **Short-Term Memory** which uses Chroma for RAG using EmbedChain package.  
+The **Long-Term Memory** uses SQLLite3 to store task results.  Currently, there is no way to override these storage implementations.
+The data storage files are saved into a platform specific location found using the appdirs package 
+and the name of the project which can be overridden using the **CREWAI_STORAGE_DIR** environment variable.
 
 ### Example: Configuring Memory for a Crew
 
@@ -162,10 +166,43 @@ my_crew = Crew(
 )
 ```
 
+### Resetting Memory
+```sh
+crewai reset_memories [OPTIONS]
+```
+
+#### Resetting Memory Options
+- **`-l, --long`**
+  - **Description:** Reset LONG TERM memory.
+  - **Type:** Flag (boolean)
+  - **Default:** False
+
+- **`-s, --short`**
+  - **Description:** Reset SHORT TERM memory.
+  - **Type:** Flag (boolean)
+  - **Default:** False
+
+- **`-e, --entities`**
+  - **Description:** Reset ENTITIES memory.
+  - **Type:** Flag (boolean)
+  - **Default:** False
+
+- **`-k, --kickoff-outputs`**
+  - **Description:** Reset LATEST KICKOFF TASK OUTPUTS.
+  - **Type:** Flag (boolean)
+  - **Default:** False
+
+- **`-a, --all`**
+  - **Description:** Reset ALL memories.
+  - **Type:** Flag (boolean)
+  - **Default:** False
+
+
+
 ## Benefits of Using crewAI's Memory System
 - **Adaptive Learning:** Crews become more efficient over time, adapting to new information and refining their approach to tasks.
 - **Enhanced Personalization:** Memory enables agents to remember user preferences and historical interactions, leading to personalized experiences.
 - **Improved Problem Solving:** Access to a rich memory store aids agents in making more informed decisions, drawing on past learnings and contextual insights.
 
 ## Getting Started
-Integrating crewAI's memory system into your projects is straightforward. By leveraging the provided memory components and configurations, you can quickly empower your agents with the ability to remember, reason, and learn from their interactions, unlocking new levels of intelligence and capability.
+Integrating crewAI's memory system into your projects is straightforward. By leveraging the provided memory components and configurations, you can quickly empower your agents with the ability to remember, reason, and learn from their interactions, unlocking new levels of intelligence and capability.

docs/core-concepts/Planning.md

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+---
+title: crewAI Planning
+description: Learn how to add planning to your crewAI Crew and improve their performance.
+---
+
+## Introduction
+The planning feature in CrewAI allows you to add planning capability to your crew. When enabled, before each Crew iteration, all Crew information is sent to an AgentPlanner that will plan the tasks step by step, and this plan will be added to each task description.
+
+### Using the Planning Feature
+Getting started with the planning feature is very easy, the only step required is to add `planning=True` to your Crew:
+
+```python
+from crewai import Crew, Agent, Task, Process
+
+# Assemble your crew with planning capabilities
+my_crew = Crew(
+    agents=self.agents,
+    tasks=self.tasks,
+    process=Process.sequential,
+    planning=True,
+)
+```
+
+From this point on, your crew will have planning enabled, and the tasks will be planned before each iteration.
+
+### Example
+
+When running the base case example, you will see something like the following output, which represents the output of the AgentPlanner responsible for creating the step-by-step logic to add to the Agents tasks.
+
+```bash
+
+[2024-07-15 16:49:11][INFO]: Planning the crew execution
+**Step-by-Step Plan for Task Execution**
+
+**Task Number 1: Conduct a thorough research about AI LLMs**
+
+**Agent:** AI LLMs Senior Data Researcher
+
+**Agent Goal:** Uncover cutting-edge developments in AI LLMs
+
+**Task Expected Output:** A list with 10 bullet points of the most relevant information about AI LLMs
+
+**Task Tools:** None specified
+
+**Agent Tools:** None specified
+
+**Step-by-Step Plan:**
+
+1. **Define Research Scope:**
+   - Determine the specific areas of AI LLMs to focus on, such as advancements in architecture, use cases, ethical considerations, and performance metrics.
+
+2. **Identify Reliable Sources:**
+   - List reputable sources for AI research, including academic journals, industry reports, conferences (e.g., NeurIPS, ACL), AI research labs (e.g., OpenAI, Google AI), and online databases (e.g., IEEE Xplore, arXiv).
+
+3. **Collect Data:**
+   - Search for the latest papers, articles, and reports published in 2023 and early 2024.
+   - Use keywords like "Large Language Models 2024", "AI LLM advancements", "AI ethics 2024", etc.
+
+4. **Analyze Findings:**
+   - Read and summarize the key points from each source.
+   - Highlight new techniques, models, and applications introduced in the past year.
+
+5. **Organize Information:**
+   - Categorize the information into relevant topics (e.g., new architectures, ethical implications, real-world applications).
+   - Ensure each bullet point is concise but informative.
+
+6. **Create the List:**
+   - Compile the 10 most relevant pieces of information into a bullet point list.
+   - Review the list to ensure clarity and relevance.
+
+**Expected Output:**
+A list with 10 bullet points of the most relevant information about AI LLMs.
+
+---
+
+**Task Number 2: Review the context you got and expand each topic into a full section for a report**
+
+**Agent:** AI LLMs Reporting Analyst
+
+**Agent Goal:** Create detailed reports based on AI LLMs data analysis and research findings
+
+**Task Expected Output:** A fully fledge report with the main topics, each with a full section of information. Formatted as markdown without '```'
+
+**Task Tools:** None specified
+
+**Agent Tools:** None specified
+
+**Step-by-Step Plan:**
+
+1. **Review the Bullet Points:**
+   - Carefully read through the list of 10 bullet points provided by the AI LLMs Senior Data Researcher.
+
+2. **Outline the Report:**
+   - Create an outline with each bullet point as a main section heading.
+   - Plan sub-sections under each main heading to cover different aspects of the topic.
+
+3. **Research Further Details:**
+   - For each bullet point, conduct additional research if necessary to gather more detailed information.
+   - Look for case studies, examples, and statistical data to support each section.
+
+4. **Write Detailed Sections:**
+   - Expand each bullet point into a comprehensive section.
+   - Ensure each section includes an introduction, detailed explanation, examples, and a conclusion.
+   - Use markdown formatting for headings, subheadings, lists, and emphasis.
+
+5. **Review and Edit:**
+   - Proofread the report for clarity, coherence, and correctness.
+   - Make sure the report flows logically from one section to the next.
+   - Format the report according to markdown standards.
+
+6. **Finalize the Report:**
+   - Ensure the report is complete with all sections expanded and detailed.
+   - Double-check formatting and make any necessary adjustments.
+
+**Expected Output:**
+A fully-fledged report with the main topics, each with a full section of information. Formatted as markdown without '```'.
+
+---
+```

docs/core-concepts/Processes.md

@@ -10,14 +10,14 @@ description: Detailed guide on workflow management through processes in CrewAI,
 ## Process Implementations
 
 - **Sequential**: Executes tasks sequentially, ensuring tasks are completed in an orderly progression.
-- **Hierarchical**: Organizes tasks in a managerial hierarchy, where tasks are delegated and executed based on a structured chain of command. A manager language model (`manager_llm`) must be specified in the crew to enable the hierarchical process, facilitating the creation and management of tasks by the manager.
+- **Hierarchical**: Organizes tasks in a managerial hierarchy, where tasks are delegated and executed based on a structured chain of command. A manager language model (`manager_llm`) or a custom manager agent (`manager_agent`) must be specified in the crew to enable the hierarchical process, facilitating the creation and management of tasks by the manager.
 - **Consensual Process (Planned)**: Aiming for collaborative decision-making among agents on task execution, this process type introduces a democratic approach to task management within CrewAI. It is planned for future development and is not currently implemented in the codebase.
 
 ## The Role of Processes in Teamwork
 Processes enable individual agents to operate as a cohesive unit, streamlining their efforts to achieve common objectives with efficiency and coherence.
 
 ## Assigning Processes to a Crew
-To assign a process to a crew, specify the process type upon crew creation to set the execution strategy. For a hierarchical process, ensure to define `manager_llm` for the manager agent.
+To assign a process to a crew, specify the process type upon crew creation to set the execution strategy. For a hierarchical process, ensure to define `manager_llm` or `manager_agent` for the manager agent.
 
 ```python
 from crewai import Crew
@@ -32,15 +32,17 @@ crew = Crew(
 )
 
 # Example: Creating a crew with a hierarchical process
-# Ensure to provide a manager_llm
+# Ensure to provide a manager_llm or manager_agent
 crew = Crew(
     agents=my_agents,
     tasks=my_tasks,
     process=Process.hierarchical,
     manager_llm=ChatOpenAI(model="gpt-4")
+    # or
+    # manager_agent=my_manager_agent
 )
 ```
-**Note:** Ensure `my_agents` and `my_tasks` are defined prior to creating a `Crew` object, and for the hierarchical process, `manager_llm` is also required.
+**Note:** Ensure `my_agents` and `my_tasks` are defined prior to creating a `Crew` object, and for the hierarchical process, either `manager_llm` or `manager_agent` is also required.
 
 ## Sequential Process
 This method mirrors dynamic team workflows, progressing through tasks in a thoughtful and systematic manner. Task execution follows the predefined order in the task list, with the output of one task serving as context for the next.
@@ -48,7 +50,7 @@ This method mirrors dynamic team workflows, progressing through tasks in a thoug
 To customize task context, utilize the `context` parameter in the `Task` class to specify outputs that should be used as context for subsequent tasks.
 
 ## Hierarchical Process
-Emulates a corporate hierarchy, CrewAI automatically creates a manager for you, requiring the specification of a manager language model (`manager_llm`) for the manager agent. This agent oversees task execution, including planning, delegation, and validation. Tasks are not pre-assigned; the manager allocates tasks to agents based on their capabilities, reviews outputs, and assesses task completion.
+Emulates a corporate hierarchy, CrewAI allows specifying a custom manager agent or automatically creates one, requiring the specification of a manager language model (`manager_llm`). This agent oversees task execution, including planning, delegation, and validation. Tasks are not pre-assigned; the manager allocates tasks to agents based on their capabilities, reviews outputs, and assesses task completion.
 
 ## Process Class: Detailed Overview
 The `Process` class is implemented as an enumeration (`Enum`), ensuring type safety and restricting process values to the defined types (`sequential`, `hierarchical`). The consensual process is planned for future inclusion, emphasizing our commitment to continuous development and innovation.

docs/core-concepts/Tasks.md

@@ -4,27 +4,29 @@ description: Detailed guide on managing and creating tasks within the crewAI fra
 ---
 
 ## Overview of a Task
+
 !!! note "What is a Task?"
-    In the crewAI framework, tasks are specific assignments completed by agents. They provide all necessary details for execution, such as a description, the agent responsible, required tools, and more, facilitating a wide range of action complexities.
+In the crewAI framework, tasks are specific assignments completed by agents. They provide all necessary details for execution, such as a description, the agent responsible, required tools, and more, facilitating a wide range of action complexities.
 
 Tasks within crewAI can be collaborative, requiring multiple agents to work together. This is managed through the task properties and orchestrated by the Crew's process, enhancing teamwork and efficiency.
 
 ## Task Attributes
 
-| Attribute              | Description                                                                                   |
-| :----------------------| :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
-| **Description**        | A clear, concise statement of what the task entails.                                          |
-| **Agent**              | The agent responsible for the task, assigned either directly or by the crew's process.        |
-| **Expected Output**    | A detailed description of what the task's completion looks like.                              |
-| **Tools** *(optional)* | The functions or capabilities the agent can utilize to perform the task.                      |
-| **Async Execution** *(optional)* | If set, the task executes asynchronously, allowing progression without waiting for completion.|
-| **Context**  *(optional)* | Specifies tasks whose outputs are used as context for this task.                              |
-| **Config** *(optional)* | Additional configuration details for the agent executing the task, allowing further customization. |
-| **Output JSON**  *(optional)* | Outputs a JSON object, requiring an OpenAI client. Only one output format can be set.         |
-| **Output Pydantic**  *(optional)* | Outputs a Pydantic model object, requiring an OpenAI client. Only one output format can be set. |
-| **Output File**  *(optional)* | Saves the task output to a file. If used with `Output JSON` or `Output Pydantic`, specifies how the output is saved. |
-| **Callback**  *(optional)* | A Python callable that is executed with the task's output upon completion.                    |
-| **Human Input** *(optional)* | Indicates if the task requires human feedback at the end, useful for tasks needing human oversight. |
+| Attribute                        | Parameters        | Description                                                                                                          |
+| :------------------------------- | :---------------- | :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Description**                  | `description`     | A clear, concise statement of what the task entails.                                                                 |
+| **Agent**                        | `agent`           | The agent responsible for the task, assigned either directly or by the crew's process.                               |
+| **Expected Output**              | `expected_output` | A detailed description of what the task's completion looks like.                                                     |
+| **Tools** _(optional)_           | `tools`           | The functions or capabilities the agent can utilize to perform the task.                                             |
+| **Async Execution** _(optional)_ | `async_execution` | If set, the task executes asynchronously, allowing progression without waiting for completion.                       |
+| **Context** _(optional)_         | `context`         | Specifies tasks whose outputs are used as context for this task.                                                     |
+| **Config** _(optional)_          | `config`          | Additional configuration details for the agent executing the task, allowing further customization.                   |
+| **Output JSON** _(optional)_     | `output_json`     | Outputs a JSON object, requiring an OpenAI client. Only one output format can be set.                                |
+| **Output Pydantic** _(optional)_ | `output_pydantic` | Outputs a Pydantic model object, requiring an OpenAI client. Only one output format can be set.                      |
+| **Output File** _(optional)_     | `output_file`     | Saves the task output to a file. If used with `Output JSON` or `Output Pydantic`, specifies how the output is saved. |
+| **Output** _(optional)_          | `output`          | The output of the task, containing the raw, JSON, and Pydantic output plus additional details.                       |
+| **Callback** _(optional)_        | `callback`        | A Python callable that is executed with the task's output upon completion.                                           |
+| **Human Input** _(optional)_     | `human_input`     | Indicates if the task requires human feedback at the end, useful for tasks needing human oversight.                  |
 
 ## Creating a Task
 
@@ -35,12 +37,75 @@ from crewai import Task
 
 task = Task(
     description='Find and summarize the latest and most relevant news on AI',
-    agent=sales_agent
+    agent=sales_agent,
+    expected_output='A bullet list summary of the top 5 most important AI news',
 )
 ```
 
 !!! note "Task Assignment"
-    Directly specify an `agent` for assignment or let the `hierarchical` CrewAI's process decide based on roles, availability, etc.
+Directly specify an `agent` for assignment or let the `hierarchical` CrewAI's process decide based on roles, availability, etc.
+
+## Task Output
+
+!!! note "Understanding Task Outputs"
+The output of a task in the crewAI framework is encapsulated within the `TaskOutput` class. This class provides a structured way to access results of a task, including various formats such as raw strings, JSON, and Pydantic models.
+By default, the `TaskOutput` will only include the `raw` output. A `TaskOutput` will only include the `pydantic` or `json_dict` output if the original `Task` object was configured with `output_pydantic` or `output_json`, respectively.
+
+### Task Output Attributes
+
+| Attribute         | Parameters      | Type                       | Description                                                                                        |
+| :---------------- | :-------------- | :------------------------- | :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Description**   | `description`   | `str`                      | A brief description of the task.                                                                   |
+| **Summary**       | `summary`       | `Optional[str]`            | A short summary of the task, auto-generated from the description.                                  |
+| **Raw**           | `raw`           | `str`                      | The raw output of the task. This is the default format for the output.                             |
+| **Pydantic**      | `pydantic`      | `Optional[BaseModel]`      | A Pydantic model object representing the structured output of the task.                            |
+| **JSON Dict**     | `json_dict`     | `Optional[Dict[str, Any]]` | A dictionary representing the JSON output of the task.                                             |
+| **Agent**         | `agent`         | `str`                      | The agent that executed the task.                                                                  |
+| **Output Format** | `output_format` | `OutputFormat`             | The format of the task output, with options including RAW, JSON, and Pydantic. The default is RAW. |
+
+### Task Output Methods and Properties
+
+| Method/Property | Description                                                                                       |
+| :-------------- | :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| **json**        | Returns the JSON string representation of the task output if the output format is JSON.           |
+| **to_dict**     | Converts the JSON and Pydantic outputs to a dictionary.                                           |
+| \***\*str\*\*** | Returns the string representation of the task output, prioritizing Pydantic, then JSON, then raw. |
+
+### Accessing Task Outputs
+
+Once a task has been executed, its output can be accessed through the `output` attribute of the `Task` object. The `TaskOutput` class provides various ways to interact with and present this output.
+
+#### Example
+
+```python
+# Example task
+task = Task(
+    description='Find and summarize the latest AI news',
+    expected_output='A bullet list summary of the top 5 most important AI news',
+    agent=research_agent,
+    tools=[search_tool]
+)
+
+# Execute the crew
+crew = Crew(
+    agents=[research_agent],
+    tasks=[task],
+    verbose=2
+)
+
+result = crew.kickoff()
+
+# Accessing the task output
+task_output = task.output
+
+print(f"Task Description: {task_output.description}")
+print(f"Task Summary: {task_output.summary}")
+print(f"Raw Output: {task_output.raw}")
+if task_output.json_dict:
+    print(f"JSON Output: {json.dumps(task_output.json_dict, indent=2)}")
+if task_output.pydantic:
+    print(f"Pydantic Output: {task_output.pydantic}")
+```
 
 ## Integrating Tools with Tasks
 
@@ -88,7 +153,7 @@ This demonstrates how tasks with specific tools can override an agent's default
 
 ## Referring to Other Tasks
 
-In crewAI, the output of one task is automatically relayed into the next one, but you can specifically define what tasks' output, including multiple should be used as context for another task.
+In crewAI, the output of one task is automatically relayed into the next one, but you can specifically define what tasks' output, including multiple, should be used as context for another task.
 
 This is useful when you have a task that depends on the output of another task that is not performed immediately after it. This is done through the `context` attribute of the task:
 
@@ -225,6 +290,25 @@ While creating and executing tasks, certain validation mechanisms are in place t
 
 These validations help in maintaining the consistency and reliability of task executions within the crewAI framework.
 
+## Creating Directories when Saving Files
+
+You can now specify if a task should create directories when saving its output to a file. This is particularly useful for organizing outputs and ensuring that file paths are correctly structured.
+
+```python
+# ...
+
+save_output_task = Task(
+    description='Save the summarized AI news to a file',
+    expected_output='File saved successfully',
+    agent=research_agent,
+    tools=[file_save_tool],
+    output_file='outputs/ai_news_summary.txt',
+    create_directory=True
+)
+
+#...
+```
+
 ## Conclusion
 
-Tasks are the driving force behind the actions of agents in crewAI. By properly defining tasks and their outcomes, you set the stage for your AI agents to work effectively, either independently or as a collaborative unit. Equipping tasks with appropriate tools, understanding the execution process, and following robust validation practices are crucial for maximizing CrewAI's potential, ensuring agents are effectively prepared for their assignments and that tasks are executed as intended.
+Tasks are the driving force behind the actions of agents in crewAI. By properly defining tasks and their outcomes, you set the stage for your AI agents to work effectively, either independently or as a collaborative unit. Equipping tasks with appropriate tools, understanding the execution process, and following robust validation practices are crucial for maximizing CrewAI's potential, ensuring agents are effectively prepared for their assignments and that tasks are executed as intended.

docs/core-concepts/Tools.md

@@ -94,22 +94,30 @@ crew.kickoff()
 ## Available crewAI Tools
 
 - **Error Handling**: All tools are built with error handling capabilities, allowing agents to gracefully manage exceptions and continue their tasks.
-- **Caching Mechanism**: All tools support caching, enabling agents to efficiently reuse previously obtained results, reducing the load on external resources and speeding up the execution time, you can also define finner control over the caching mechanism, using `cache_function` attribute on the tool.
+- **Caching Mechanism**: All tools support caching, enabling agents to efficiently reuse previously obtained results, reducing the load on external resources and speeding up the execution time. You can also define finer control over the caching mechanism using the `cache_function` attribute on the tool.
 
 Here is a list of the available tools and their descriptions:
 
 | Tool                        | Description                                                                                   |
 | :-------------------------- | :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **BrowserbaseLoadTool**     | A tool for interacting with and extracting data from web browsers.                            |
 | **CodeDocsSearchTool**      | A RAG tool optimized for searching through code documentation and related technical documents. |
+| **CodeInterpreterTool**     | A tool for interpreting python code.                                                          |
+| **ComposioTool**            | Enables use of Composio tools.                                                                |
 | **CSVSearchTool**           | A RAG tool designed for searching within CSV files, tailored to handle structured data.       |
 | **DirectorySearchTool**     | A RAG tool for searching within directories, useful for navigating through file systems.      |
 | **DOCXSearchTool**          | A RAG tool aimed at searching within DOCX documents, ideal for processing Word files.         |
 | **DirectoryReadTool**       | Facilitates reading and processing of directory structures and their contents.                |
+| **EXASearchTool**           | A tool designed for performing exhaustive searches across various data sources.               |
 | **FileReadTool**            | Enables reading and extracting data from files, supporting various file formats.              |
+| **FirecrawlSearchTool**     | A tool to search webpages using Firecrawl and return the results.                             |
+| **FirecrawlCrawlWebsiteTool** | A tool for crawling webpages using Firecrawl.                                               |
+| **FirecrawlScrapeWebsiteTool** | A tool for scraping webpages url using Firecrawl and returning its contents.               |
 | **GithubSearchTool**        | A RAG tool for searching within GitHub repositories, useful for code and documentation search.|
-| **SerperDevTool**            | A specialized tool for development purposes, with specific functionalities under development. |
+| **SerperDevTool**           | A specialized tool for development purposes, with specific functionalities under development. |
 | **TXTSearchTool**           | A RAG tool focused on searching within text (.txt) files, suitable for unstructured data.     |
 | **JSONSearchTool**          | A RAG tool designed for searching within JSON files, catering to structured data handling.     |
+| **LlamaIndexTool**          | Enables the use of LlamaIndex tools.                                                          |
 | **MDXSearchTool**           | A RAG tool tailored for searching within Markdown (MDX) files, useful for documentation.      |
 | **PDFSearchTool**           | A RAG tool aimed at searching within PDF documents, ideal for processing scanned documents.    |
 | **PGSearchTool**            | A RAG tool optimized for searching within PostgreSQL databases, suitable for database queries. |
@@ -126,7 +134,6 @@ Here is a list of the available tools and their descriptions:
 !!! example "Custom Tool Creation"
     Developers can craft custom tools tailored for their agent’s needs or utilize pre-built options:
 
-
 To create your own crewAI tools you will need to install our extra tools package:
 
 ```bash
@@ -141,7 +148,7 @@ from crewai_tools import BaseTool
 
 class MyCustomTool(BaseTool):
     name: str = "Name of my tool"
-    description: str = "Clear description for what this tool is useful for, you agent will need this information to use it."
+    description: str = "Clear description for what this tool is useful for, your agent will need this information to use it."
 
     def _run(self, argument: str) -> str:
         # Implementation goes here
@@ -154,7 +161,7 @@ class MyCustomTool(BaseTool):
 from crewai_tools import tool
 @tool("Name of my tool")
 def my_tool(question: str) -> str:
-    """Clear description for what this tool is useful for, you agent will need this information to use it."""
+    """Clear description for what this tool is useful for, your agent will need this information to use it."""
     # Function logic here
     return "Result from your custom tool"
 ```
@@ -180,45 +187,14 @@ multiplication_tool.cache_function = cache_func
 
 writer1 = Agent(
         role="Writer",
-        goal="You write lesssons of math for kids.",
-        backstory="You're an expert in writting and you love to teach kids but you know nothing of math.",
-        tools=[multiplcation_tool],
+        goal="You write lessons of math for kids.",
+        backstory="You're an expert in writing and you love to teach kids but you know nothing of math.",
+        tools=[multiplication_tool],
         allow_delegation=False,
     )
     #...
 ```
 
-## Using LangChain Tools
-!!! info "LangChain Integration"
-    CrewAI seamlessly integrates with LangChain’s comprehensive toolkit for search-based queries and more, here are the available built-in tools that are offered by Langchain [LangChain Toolkit](https://python.langchain.com/docs/integrations/tools/)
- :
-
-```python
-from crewai import Agent
-from langchain.agents import Tool
-from langchain.utilities import GoogleSerperAPIWrapper
-
-# Setup API keys
-os.environ["SERPER_API_KEY"] = "Your Key"
-
-search = GoogleSerperAPIWrapper()
-
-# Create and assign the search tool to an agent
-serper_tool = Tool(
-  name="Intermediate Answer",
-  func=search.run,
-  description="Useful for search-based queries",
-)
-
-agent = Agent(
-  role='Research Analyst',
-  goal='Provide up-to-date market analysis',
-  backstory='An expert analyst with a keen eye for market trends.',
-  tools=[serper_tool]
-)
-
-# rest of the code ...
-```
 
 ## Conclusion
-Tools are pivotal in extending the capabilities of CrewAI agents, enabling them to undertake a broad spectrum of tasks and collaborate effectively. When building solutions with CrewAI, leverage both custom and existing tools to empower your agents and enhance the AI ecosystem. Consider utilizing error handling, caching mechanisms, and the flexibility of tool arguments to optimize your agents' performance and capabilities.
+Tools are pivotal in extending the capabilities of CrewAI agents, enabling them to undertake a broad spectrum of tasks and collaborate effectively. When building solutions with CrewAI, leverage both custom and existing tools to empower your agents and enhance the AI ecosystem. Consider utilizing error handling, caching mechanisms, and the flexibility of tool arguments to optimize your agents' performance and capabilities.

docs/core-concepts/Training-Crew.md

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+---
+title: crewAI Train
+description: Learn how to train your crewAI agents by giving them feedback early on and get consistent results.
+---
+
+## Introduction
+The training feature in CrewAI allows you to train your AI agents using the command-line interface (CLI). By running the command `crewai train -n <n_iterations>`, you can specify the number of iterations for the training process.
+
+During training, CrewAI utilizes techniques to optimize the performance of your agents along with human feedback. This helps the agents improve their understanding, decision-making, and problem-solving abilities.
+
+### Training Your Crew Using the CLI
+To use the training feature, follow these steps:
+
+1. Open your terminal or command prompt.
+2. Navigate to the directory where your CrewAI project is located.
+3. Run the following command:
+
+```shell
+crewai train -n <n_iterations>
+```
+
+### Training Your Crew Programmatically
+To train your crew programmatically, use the following steps:
+
+1. Define the number of iterations for training.
+2. Specify the input parameters for the training process.
+3. Execute the training command within a try-except block to handle potential errors.
+
+```python
+    n_iterations = 2
+    inputs = {"topic": "CrewAI Training"}
+
+    try:
+        YourCrewName_Crew().crew().train(n_iterations= n_iterations, inputs=inputs)
+
+    except Exception as e:
+        raise Exception(f"An error occurred while training the crew: {e}")
+```
+
+!!! note "Replace `<n_iterations>` with the desired number of training iterations. This determines how many times the agents will go through the training process."
+
+
+### Key Points to Note:
+- **Positive Integer Requirement:** Ensure that the number of iterations (`n_iterations`) is a positive integer. The code will raise a `ValueError` if this condition is not met.
+- **Error Handling:** The code handles subprocess errors and unexpected exceptions, providing error messages to the user.
+
+It is important to note that the training process may take some time, depending on the complexity of your agents and will also require your feedback on each iteration.
+
+Once the training is complete, your agents will be equipped with enhanced capabilities and knowledge, ready to tackle complex tasks and provide more consistent and valuable insights.
+
+Remember to regularly update and retrain your agents to ensure they stay up-to-date with the latest information and advancements in the field.
+
+Happy training with CrewAI!

docs/core-concepts/Using-LangChain-Tools.md

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+---
+title: Using LangChain Tools
+description: Learn how to integrate LangChain tools with CrewAI agents to enhance search-based queries and more.
+---
+
+## Using LangChain Tools
+!!! info "LangChain Integration"
+    CrewAI seamlessly integrates with LangChain’s comprehensive toolkit for search-based queries and more, here are the available built-in tools that are offered by Langchain [LangChain Toolkit](https://python.langchain.com/docs/integrations/tools/)
+
+```python
+from crewai import Agent
+from langchain.agents import Tool
+from langchain.utilities import GoogleSerperAPIWrapper
+
+# Setup API keys
+os.environ["SERPER_API_KEY"] = "Your Key"
+
+search = GoogleSerperAPIWrapper()
+
+# Create and assign the search tool to an agent
+serper_tool = Tool(
+  name="Intermediate Answer",
+  func=search.run,
+  description="Useful for search-based queries",
+)
+
+agent = Agent(
+  role='Research Analyst',
+  goal='Provide up-to-date market analysis',
+  backstory='An expert analyst with a keen eye for market trends.',
+  tools=[serper_tool]
+)
+
+# rest of the code ...
+```
+
+## Conclusion
+Tools are pivotal in extending the capabilities of CrewAI agents, enabling them to undertake a broad spectrum of tasks and collaborate effectively. When building solutions with CrewAI, leverage both custom and existing tools to empower your agents and enhance the AI ecosystem. Consider utilizing error handling, caching mechanisms, and the flexibility of tool arguments to optimize your agents' performance and capabilities.

docs/core-concepts/Using-LlamaIndex-Tools.md

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+---
+title: Using LlamaIndex Tools
+description: Learn how to integrate LlamaIndex tools with CrewAI agents to enhance search-based queries and more.
+---
+
+## Using LlamaIndex Tools
+
+!!! info "LlamaIndex Integration"
+    CrewAI seamlessly integrates with LlamaIndex’s comprehensive toolkit for RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) and agentic pipelines, enabling advanced search-based queries and more. Here are the available built-in tools offered by LlamaIndex.
+
+```python
+from crewai import Agent
+from crewai_tools import LlamaIndexTool
+
+# Example 1: Initialize from FunctionTool
+from llama_index.core.tools import FunctionTool
+
+your_python_function = lambda ...: ...
+og_tool = FunctionTool.from_defaults(your_python_function, name="<name>", description='<description>')
+tool = LlamaIndexTool.from_tool(og_tool)
+
+# Example 2: Initialize from LlamaHub Tools
+from llama_index.tools.wolfram_alpha import WolframAlphaToolSpec
+wolfram_spec = WolframAlphaToolSpec(app_id="<app_id>")
+wolfram_tools = wolfram_spec.to_tool_list()
+tools = [LlamaIndexTool.from_tool(t) for t in wolfram_tools]
+
+# Example 3: Initialize Tool from a LlamaIndex Query Engine
+query_engine = index.as_query_engine()
+query_tool = LlamaIndexTool.from_query_engine(
+    query_engine,
+    name="Uber 2019 10K Query Tool",
+    description="Use this tool to lookup the 2019 Uber 10K Annual Report"
+)
+
+# Create and assign the tools to an agent
+agent = Agent(
+  role='Research Analyst',
+  goal='Provide up-to-date market analysis',
+  backstory='An expert analyst with a keen eye for market trends.',
+  tools=[tool, *tools, query_tool]
+)
+
+# rest of the code ...
+```
+
+## Steps to Get Started
+
+To effectively use the LlamaIndexTool, follow these steps:
+
+1. **Package Installation**: Confirm that the `crewai[tools]` package is installed in your Python environment.
+
+    ```shell
+    pip install 'crewai[tools]'
+    ```
+
+2. **Install and Use LlamaIndex**: Follow LlamaIndex documentation [LlamaIndex Documentation](https://docs.llamaindex.ai/) to set up a RAG/agent pipeline.

docs/how-to/AgentOps-Observability.md

@@ -4,8 +4,7 @@ description: Understanding and logging your agent performance with AgentOps.
 ---
 
 # Intro
-Observability is a key aspect of developing and deploying conversational AI agents. It allows developers to understand how their agents are performing, how their agents are interacting with users, and how their agents use external tools and APIs. AgentOps is a product independent of CrewAI that provides a comprehensive observability solution for agents. 
-
+Observability is a key aspect of developing and deploying conversational AI agents. It allows developers to understand how their agents are performing, how their agents are interacting with users, and how their agents use external tools and APIs. AgentOps is a product independent of CrewAI that provides a comprehensive observability solution for agents.
 
 ## AgentOps
 
@@ -23,54 +22,53 @@ Additionally, AgentOps provides session drilldowns for viewing Crew agent intera
 ![Viewing a step-by-step agent replay execution graph](..%2Fassets%2Fagentops-replay.png)
 
 ### Features
-- **LLM Cost Management and Tracking**: Track spend with foundation model providers
-- **Replay Analytics**: Watch step-by-step agent execution graphs
-- **Recursive Thought Detection**: Identify when agents fall into infinite loops
-- **Custom Reporting**: Create custom analytics on agent performance
-- **Analytics Dashboard**: Monitor high level statistics about agents in development and production
-- **Public Model Testing**: Test your agents against benchmarks and leaderboards
-- **Custom Tests**: Run your agents against domain specific tests
-- **Time Travel Debugging**: Restart your sessions from checkpoints
-- **Compliance and Security**: Create audit logs and detect potential threats such as profanity and PII leaks
-- **Prompt Injection Detection**: Identify potential code injection and secret leaks
+- **LLM Cost Management and Tracking**: Track spend with foundation model providers.
+- **Replay Analytics**: Watch step-by-step agent execution graphs.
+- **Recursive Thought Detection**: Identify when agents fall into infinite loops.
+- **Custom Reporting**: Create custom analytics on agent performance.
+- **Analytics Dashboard**: Monitor high-level statistics about agents in development and production.
+- **Public Model Testing**: Test your agents against benchmarks and leaderboards.
+- **Custom Tests**: Run your agents against domain-specific tests.
+- **Time Travel Debugging**: Restart your sessions from checkpoints.
+- **Compliance and Security**: Create audit logs and detect potential threats such as profanity and PII leaks.
+- **Prompt Injection Detection**: Identify potential code injection and secret leaks.
 
 ### Using AgentOps
 
 1. **Create an API Key:**
-Create a user API key here: [Create API Key](app.agentops.ai/account)
+   Create a user API key here: [Create API Key](app.agentops.ai/account)
 
 2. **Configure Your Environment:**
-Add your API key to your environment variables
+   Add your API key to your environment variables
 
-```
-AGENTOPS_API_KEY=<YOUR_AGENTOPS_API_KEY>
-```
+   ```bash
+   AGENTOPS_API_KEY=<YOUR_AGENTOPS_API_KEY>
+   ```
 
 3. **Install AgentOps:**
-Install AgentOps with:
-```
-pip install crewai[agentops]
-```
-or
-```
-pip install agentops
-```
+   Install AgentOps with:
+   ```bash
+   pip install crewai[agentops]
+   ```
+   or
+   ```bash
+   pip install agentops
+   ```
 
-Before using `Crew` in your script, include these lines:
+   Before using `Crew` in your script, include these lines:
 
-```python
-import agentops
-agentops.init()
-```
+   ```python
+   import agentops
+   agentops.init()
+   ```
 
-This will initiate an AgentOps session as well as automatically track Crew agents. For further info on how to outfit more complex agentic systems, check out the [AgentOps documentation](https://docs.agentops.ai) or join the [Discord](https://discord.gg/j4f3KbeH).
+   This will initiate an AgentOps session as well as automatically track Crew agents. For further info on how to outfit more complex agentic systems, check out the [AgentOps documentation](https://docs.agentops.ai) or join the [Discord](https://discord.gg/j4f3KbeH).
 
 ### Crew + AgentOps Examples
 - [Job Posting](https://github.com/joaomdmoura/crewAI-examples/tree/main/job-posting)
 - [Markdown Validator](https://github.com/joaomdmoura/crewAI-examples/tree/main/markdown_validator)
 - [Instagram Post](https://github.com/joaomdmoura/crewAI-examples/tree/main/instagram_post)
 
-
 ### Further Information
 
 To get started, create an [AgentOps account](https://agentops.ai/?=crew).

docs/how-to/Coding-Agents.md

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+---
+title: Coding Agents
+description: Learn how to enable your crewAI Agents to write and execute code, and explore advanced features for enhanced functionality.
+---
+
+## Introduction
+
+crewAI Agents now have the powerful ability to write and execute code, significantly enhancing their problem-solving capabilities. This feature is particularly useful for tasks that require computational or programmatic solutions.
+
+## Enabling Code Execution
+
+To enable code execution for an agent, set the `allow_code_execution` parameter to `True` when creating the agent. Here's an example:
+
+```python
+from crewai import Agent
+
+coding_agent = Agent(
+    role="Senior Python Developer",
+    goal="Craft well-designed and thought-out code",
+    backstory="You are a senior Python developer with extensive experience in software architecture and best practices.",
+    allow_code_execution=True
+)
+```
+
+## Important Considerations
+
+1. **Model Selection**: It is strongly recommended to use more capable models like Claude 3.5 Sonnet and GPT-4 when enabling code execution. These models have a better understanding of programming concepts and are more likely to generate correct and efficient code.
+
+2. **Error Handling**: The code execution feature includes error handling. If executed code raises an exception, the agent will receive the error message and can attempt to correct the code or provide alternative solutions.
+
+3. **Dependencies**: To use the code execution feature, you need to install the `crewai_tools` package. If not installed, the agent will log an info message: "Coding tools not available. Install crewai_tools."
+
+## Code Execution Process
+
+When an agent with code execution enabled encounters a task requiring programming:
+
+1. The agent analyzes the task and determines that code execution is necessary.
+2. It formulates the Python code needed to solve the problem.
+3. The code is sent to the internal code execution tool (`CodeInterpreterTool`).
+4. The tool executes the code in a controlled environment and returns the result.
+5. The agent interprets the result and incorporates it into its response or uses it for further problem-solving.
+
+## Example Usage
+
+Here's a detailed example of creating an agent with code execution capabilities and using it in a task:
+
+```python
+from crewai import Agent, Task, Crew
+
+# Create an agent with code execution enabled
+coding_agent = Agent(
+    role="Python Data Analyst",
+    goal="Analyze data and provide insights using Python",
+    backstory="You are an experienced data analyst with strong Python skills.",
+    allow_code_execution=True
+)
+
+# Create a task that requires code execution
+data_analysis_task = Task(
+    description="Analyze the given dataset and calculate the average age of participants.",
+    agent=coding_agent
+)
+
+# Create a crew and add the task
+analysis_crew = Crew(
+    agents=[coding_agent],
+    tasks=[data_analysis_task]
+)
+
+# Execute the crew
+result = analysis_crew.kickoff()
+
+print(result)
+```
+
+In this example, the `coding_agent` can write and execute Python code to perform data analysis tasks.

docs/how-to/Conditional-Tasks.md

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+---
+title: Conditional Tasks
+description: Learn how to use conditional tasks in a crewAI kickoff
+---
+
+## Introduction
+
+Conditional Tasks in crewAI allow for dynamic workflow adaptation based on the outcomes of previous tasks. This powerful feature enables crews to make decisions and execute tasks selectively, enhancing the flexibility and efficiency of your AI-driven processes.
+
+```python
+from typing import List
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+from crewai import Agent, Crew
+from crewai.tasks.conditional_task import ConditionalTask
+from crewai.tasks.task_output import TaskOutput
+from crewai.task import Task
+from crewai_tools import SerperDevTool
+
+
+# Define a condition function for the conditional task
+# if false task will be skipped, true, then execute task
+def is_data_missing(output: TaskOutput) -> bool:
+    return len(output.pydantic.events) < 10: # this will skip this task
+
+# Define the agents
+data_fetcher_agent = Agent(
+    role="Data Fetcher",
+    goal="Fetch data online using Serper tool",
+    backstory="Backstory 1",
+    verbose=True,
+    tools=[SerperDevTool()],
+)
+
+data_processor_agent = Agent(
+    role="Data Processor",
+    goal="Process fetched data",
+    backstory="Backstory 2",
+    verbose=True,
+)
+
+summary_generator_agent = Agent(
+    role="Summary Generator",
+    goal="Generate summary from fetched data",
+    backstory="Backstory 3",
+    verbose=True,
+)
+
+
+class EventOutput(BaseModel):
+    events: List[str]
+
+
+task1 = Task(
+    description="Fetch data about events in San Francisco using Serper tool",
+    expected_output="List of 10 things to do in SF this week",
+    agent=data_fetcher_agent,
+    output_pydantic=EventOutput,
+)
+
+conditional_task = ConditionalTask(
+    description="""
+        Check if data is missing. If we have less than 10 events,
+        fetch more events using Serper tool so that
+        we have a total of 10 events in SF this week..
+        """,
+    expected_output="List of 10 Things to do in SF this week ",
+    condition=is_data_missing,
+    agent=data_processor_agent,
+)
+
+task3 = Task(
+    description="Generate summary of events in San Francisco from fetched data",
+    expected_output="summary_generated",
+    agent=summary_generator_agent,
+)
+
+# Create a crew with the tasks
+crew = Crew(
+    agents=[data_fetcher_agent, data_processor_agent, summary_generator_agent],
+    tasks=[task1, conditional_task, task3],
+    verbose=2,
+)
+
+result = crew.kickoff()
+print("results", result)
+```

docs/how-to/Create-Custom-Tools.md

@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ def my_simple_tool(question: str) -> str:
     # Tool logic here
     return "Tool output"
 ```
+
 ### Defining a Cache Function for the Tool
 
 To optimize tool performance with caching, define custom caching strategies using the `cache_function` attribute.
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ To optimize tool performance with caching, define custom caching strategies usin
 @tool("Tool with Caching")
 def cached_tool(argument: str) -> str:
     """Tool functionality description."""
-    return "Cachable result"
+    return "Cacheable result"
 
 def my_cache_strategy(arguments: dict, result: str) -> bool:
     # Define custom caching logic

docs/how-to/Creating-a-Crew-and-kick-it-off.md

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
 ---
 title: Assembling and Activating Your CrewAI Team
-description: A comprehensive guide to creating a dynamic CrewAI team for your projects, with updated functionalities including verbose mode, memory capabilities, asynchronous execution, output customization, language model configuration, and more.
-
+description: A comprehensive guide to creating a dynamic CrewAI team for your projects, with updated functionalities including verbose mode, memory capabilities, asynchronous execution, output customization, language model configuration, code execution, integration with third-party agents, and improved task management.
 ---
 
 ## Introduction
-Embark on your CrewAI journey by setting up your environment and initiating your AI crew with the latest features. This guide ensures a smooth start, incorporating all recent updates for an enhanced experience.
+Embark on your CrewAI journey by setting up your environment and initiating your AI crew with the latest features. This guide ensures a smooth start, incorporating all recent updates for an enhanced experience, including code execution capabilities, integration with third-party agents, and advanced task management.
 
 ## Step 0: Installation
 Install CrewAI and any necessary packages for your project. CrewAI is compatible with Python >=3.10,<=3.13.
@@ -16,108 +15,70 @@ pip install 'crewai[tools]'
 ```
 
 ## Step 1: Assemble Your Agents
-Define your agents with distinct roles, backstories, and enhanced capabilities like verbose mode and memory usage. These elements add depth and guide their task execution and interaction within the crew.
+Define your agents with distinct roles, backstories, and enhanced capabilities. The Agent class now supports a wide range of attributes for fine-tuned control over agent behavior and interactions, including code execution and integration with third-party agents.
 
 ```python
 import os
-os.environ["SERPER_API_KEY"] = "Your Key"  # serper.dev API key
-os.environ["OPENAI_API_KEY"] = "Your Key"
-
+from langchain.llms import OpenAI
 from crewai import Agent
-from crewai_tools import SerperDevTool
+from crewai_tools import SerperDevTool, BrowserbaseLoadTool, EXASearchTool
+
+os.environ["OPENAI_API_KEY"] = "Your OpenAI Key"
+os.environ["SERPER_API_KEY"] = "Your Serper Key"
+os.environ["BROWSERBASE_API_KEY"] = "Your BrowserBase Key"
+os.environ["BROWSERBASE_PROJECT_ID"] = "Your BrowserBase Project Id"
+
 search_tool = SerperDevTool()
+browser_tool = BrowserbaseLoadTool()
+exa_search_tool = EXASearchTool()
 
-# Creating a senior researcher agent with memory and verbose mode
+# Creating a senior researcher agent with advanced configurations
 researcher = Agent(
-  role='Senior Researcher',
-  goal='Uncover groundbreaking technologies in {topic}',
-  verbose=True,
-  memory=True,
-  backstory=(
-    "Driven by curiosity, you're at the forefront of"
-    "innovation, eager to explore and share knowledge that could change"
-    "the world."
-  ),
-  tools=[search_tool],
-  allow_delegation=True
+    role='Senior Researcher',
+    goal='Uncover groundbreaking technologies in {topic}',
+    backstory=("Driven by curiosity, you're at the forefront of innovation, "
+               "eager to explore and share knowledge that could change the world."),
+    memory=True,
+    verbose=True,
+    allow_delegation=False,
+    tools=[search_tool, browser_tool],
+    allow_code_execution=False,  # New attribute for enabling code execution
+    max_iter=15,  # Maximum number of iterations for task execution
+    max_rpm=100,  # Maximum requests per minute
+    max_execution_time=3600,  # Maximum execution time in seconds
+    system_template="Your custom system template here",  # Custom system template
+    prompt_template="Your custom prompt template here",  # Custom prompt template
+    response_template="Your custom response template here",  # Custom response template
 )
 
-# Creating a writer agent with custom tools and delegation capability
+# Creating a writer agent with custom tools and specific configurations
 writer = Agent(
-  role='Writer',
-  goal='Narrate compelling tech stories about {topic}',
+    role='Writer',
+    goal='Narrate compelling tech stories about {topic}',
+    backstory=("With a flair for simplifying complex topics, you craft engaging "
+               "narratives that captivate and educate, bringing new discoveries to light."),
+    verbose=True,
+    allow_delegation=False,
+    memory=True,
+    tools=[exa_search_tool],
+    function_calling_llm=OpenAI(model_name="gpt-3.5-turbo"),  # Separate LLM for function calling
+)
+
+# Setting a specific manager agent
+manager = Agent(
+  role='Manager',
+  goal='Ensure the smooth operation and coordination of the team',
   verbose=True,
-  memory=True,
   backstory=(
-    "With a flair for simplifying complex topics, you craft"
-    "engaging narratives that captivate and educate, bringing new"
-    "discoveries to light in an accessible manner."
+    "As a seasoned project manager, you excel in organizing "
+    "tasks, managing timelines, and ensuring the team stays on track."
   ),
-  tools=[search_tool],
-  allow_delegation=False
+  allow_code_execution=True,  # Enable code execution for the manager
 )
 ```
 
-## Step 2: Define the Tasks
-Detail the specific objectives for your agents, including new features for asynchronous execution and output customization. These tasks ensure a targeted approach to their roles.
+### New Agent Attributes and Features
 
-```python
-from crewai import Task
-
-# Research task
-research_task = Task(
-  description=(
-    "Identify the next big trend in {topic}."
-    "Focus on identifying pros and cons and the overall narrative."
-    "Your final report should clearly articulate the key points,"
-    "its market opportunities, and potential risks."
-  ),
-  expected_output='A comprehensive 3 paragraphs long report on the latest AI trends.',
-  tools=[search_tool],
-  agent=researcher,
-)
-
-# Writing task with language model configuration
-write_task = Task(
-  description=(
-    "Compose an insightful article on {topic}."
-    "Focus on the latest trends and how it's impacting the industry."
-    "This article should be easy to understand, engaging, and positive."
-  ),
-  expected_output='A 4 paragraph article on {topic} advancements formatted as markdown.',
-  tools=[search_tool],
-  agent=writer,
-  async_execution=False,
-  output_file='new-blog-post.md'  # Example of output customization
-)
-```
-
-## Step 3: Form the Crew
-Combine your agents into a crew, setting the workflow process they'll follow to accomplish the tasks. Now with options to configure language models for enhanced interaction and additional configurations for optimizing performance.
-
-```python
-from crewai import Crew, Process
-
-# Forming the tech-focused crew with some enhanced configurations
-crew = Crew(
-  agents=[researcher, writer],
-  tasks=[research_task, write_task],
-  process=Process.sequential,  # Optional: Sequential task execution is default
-  memory=True,
-  cache=True,
-  max_rpm=100,
-  share_crew=True
-)
-```
-
-## Step 4: Kick It Off
-Initiate the process with your enhanced crew ready. Observe as your agents collaborate, leveraging their new capabilities for a successful project outcome. Input variables will be interpolated into the agents and tasks for a personalized approach.
-
-```python
-# Starting the task execution process with enhanced feedback
-result = crew.kickoff(inputs={'topic': 'AI in healthcare'})
-print(result)
-```
-
-## Conclusion
-Building and activating a crew in CrewAI has evolved with new functionalities. By incorporating verbose mode, memory capabilities, asynchronous task execution, output customization, language model configuration, and enhanced crew configurations, your AI team is more equipped than ever to tackle challenges efficiently. The depth of agent backstories and the precision of their objectives enrich collaboration, leading to successful project outcomes. This guide aims to provide you with a clear and detailed understanding of setting up and utilizing the CrewAI framework to its full potential.
+1. `allow_code_execution`: Enable or disable code execution capabilities for the agent (default is False).
+2. `max_execution_time`: Set a maximum execution time (in seconds) for the agent to complete a task.
+3. `function_calling_llm`: Specify a separate language model for function calling.

docs/how-to/Customize-Prompts.md

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+---
+title: Initial Support to Bring Your Own Prompts in CrewAI
+description: Enhancing customization and internationalization by allowing users to bring their own prompts in CrewAI.
+
+---
+
+# Initial Support to Bring Your Own Prompts in CrewAI
+
+CrewAI now supports the ability to bring your own prompts, enabling extensive customization and internationalization. This feature allows users to tailor the inner workings of their agents to better suit specific needs, including support for multiple languages.
+
+## Internationalization and Customization Support
+
+### Custom Prompts with `prompt_file`
+
+The `prompt_file` attribute facilitates full customization of the agent prompts, enhancing the global usability of CrewAI. Users can specify their prompt templates, ensuring that the agents communicate in a manner that aligns with specific project requirements or language preferences.
+
+#### Example of a Custom Prompt File
+
+The custom prompts can be defined in a JSON file, similar to the example provided [here](https://github.com/joaomdmoura/crewAI/blob/main/src/crewai/translations/en.json).
+
+### Supported Languages
+
+CrewAI's custom prompt support includes internationalization, allowing prompts to be written in different languages. This is particularly useful for global teams or projects that require multilingual support.
+
+## How to Use the `prompt_file` Attribute
+
+To utilize the `prompt_file` attribute, include it in your crew definition. Below is an example demonstrating how to set up agents and tasks with custom prompts.
+
+### Example
+
+```python
+import os
+from crewai import Agent, Task, Crew
+
+# Define your agents
+researcher = Agent(
+    role="Researcher",
+    goal="Make the best research and analysis on content about AI and AI agents",
+    backstory="You're an expert researcher, specialized in technology, software engineering, AI and startups. You work as a freelancer and is now working on doing research and analysis for a new customer.",
+    allow_delegation=False,
+)
+
+writer = Agent(
+    role="Senior Writer",
+    goal="Write the best content about AI and AI agents.",
+    backstory="You're a senior writer, specialized in technology, software engineering, AI and startups. You work as a freelancer and are now working on writing content for a new customer.",
+    allow_delegation=False,
+)
+
+# Define your tasks
+tasks = [
+    Task(
+        description="Say Hi",
+        expected_output="The word: Hi",
+        agent=researcher,
+    )
+]
+
+# Instantiate your crew with custom prompts
+crew = Crew(
+    agents=[researcher],
+    tasks=tasks,
+    prompt_file="prompt.json",  # Path to your custom prompt file
+)
+
+# Get your crew to work!
+crew.kickoff()
+```
+
+## Advanced Customization Features
+
+### `language` Attribute
+
+In addition to `prompt_file`, the `language` attribute can be used to specify the language for the agent's prompts. This ensures that the prompts are generated in the desired language, further enhancing the internationalization capabilities of CrewAI.
+
+### Creating Custom Prompt Files
+
+Custom prompt files should be structured in JSON format and include all necessary prompt templates. Below is a simplified example of a prompt JSON file:
+
+```json
+{
+    "system": "You are a system template.",
+    "prompt": "Here is your prompt template.",
+    "response": "Here is your response template."
+}
+```
+
+### Benefits of Custom Prompts
+
+- **Enhanced Flexibility**: Tailor agent communication to specific project needs.
+- **Improved Usability**: Supports multiple languages, making it suitable for global projects.
+- **Consistency**: Ensures uniform prompt structures across different agents and tasks.
+
+By incorporating these updates, CrewAI provides users with the ability to fully customize and internationalize their agent prompts, making the platform more versatile and user-friendly.

docs/how-to/Customizing-Agents.md

@@ -10,7 +10,16 @@ Crafting an efficient CrewAI team hinges on the ability to dynamically tailor yo
 - **Role**: Specifies the agent's job within the crew, such as 'Analyst' or 'Customer Service Rep'.
 - **Goal**: Defines what the agent aims to achieve, in alignment with its role and the overarching objectives of the crew.
 - **Backstory**: Provides depth to the agent's persona, enriching its motivations and engagements within the crew.
-- **Tools**: Represents the capabilities or methods the agent uses to perform tasks, from simple functions to intricate integrations.
+- **Tools** *(Optional)*: Represents the capabilities or methods the agent uses to perform tasks, from simple functions to intricate integrations.
+- **Cache** *(Optional)*: Determines whether the agent should use a cache for tool usage.
+- **Max RPM**: Sets the maximum number of requests per minute (`max_rpm`). This attribute is optional and can be set to `None` for no limit, allowing for unlimited queries to external services if needed.
+- **Verbose** *(Optional)*: Enables detailed logging of an agent's actions, useful for debugging and optimization. Specifically, it provides insights into agent execution processes, aiding in the optimization of performance.
+- **Allow Delegation** *(Optional)*: `allow_delegation` controls whether the agent is allowed to delegate tasks to other agents.
+- **Max Iter** *(Optional)*: The `max_iter` attribute allows users to define the maximum number of iterations an agent can perform for a single task, preventing infinite loops or excessively long executions. The default value is set to 25, providing a balance between thoroughness and efficiency. Once the agent approaches this number, it will try its best to give a good answer.
+- **Max Execution Time** *(Optional)*: `max_execution_time` Sets the maximum execution time for an agent to complete a task.
+- **System Template** *(Optional)*: `system_template` defines the system format for the agent.
+- **Prompt Template** *(Optional)*: `prompt_template` defines the prompt format for the agent.
+- **Response Template** *(Optional)*: `response_template` defines the response format for the agent.
 
 ## Advanced Customization Options
 Beyond the basic attributes, CrewAI allows for deeper customization to enhance an agent's behavior and capabilities significantly.
@@ -26,7 +35,7 @@ Adjusting an agent's performance and monitoring its operations are crucial for e
 - **RPM Limit**: Sets the maximum number of requests per minute (`max_rpm`). This attribute is optional and can be set to `None` for no limit, allowing for unlimited queries to external services if needed.
 
 ### Maximum Iterations for Task Execution
-The `max_iter` attribute allows users to define the maximum number of iterations an agent can perform for a single task, preventing infinite loops or excessively long executions. The default value is set to 15, providing a balance between thoroughness and efficiency. Once the agent approaches this number, it will try its best to give a good answer.
+The `max_iter` attribute allows users to define the maximum number of iterations an agent can perform for a single task, preventing infinite loops or excessively long executions. The default value is set to 25, providing a balance between thoroughness and efficiency. Once the agent approaches this number, it will try its best to give a good answer.
 
 ## Customizing Agents and Tools
 Agents are customized by defining their attributes and tools during initialization. Tools are critical for an agent's functionality, enabling them to perform specialized tasks. The `tools` attribute should be an array of tools the agent can utilize, and it's initialized as an empty list by default. Tools can be added or modified post-agent initialization to adapt to new requirements.
@@ -57,7 +66,7 @@ agent = Agent(
   memory=True, # Enable memory
   verbose=True,
   max_rpm=None, # No limit on requests per minute
-  max_iter=15, # Default value for maximum iterations
+  max_iter=25, # Default value for maximum iterations
   allow_delegation=False
 )
 ```

docs/how-to/Force-Tool-Ouput-as-Result.md

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+---
+title: Forcing Tool Output as Result
+description: Learn how to force tool output as the result in of an Agent's task in crewAI.
+---
+
+## Introduction
+In CrewAI, you can force the output of a tool as the result of an agent's task. This feature is useful when you want to ensure that the tool output is captured and returned as the task result, and avoid the agent modifying the output during the task execution.
+
+## Forcing Tool Output as Result
+To force the tool output as the result of an agent's task, you can set the `force_tool_output` parameter to `True` when creating the task. This parameter ensures that the tool output is captured and returned as the task result, without any modifications by the agent.
+
+Here's an example of how to force the tool output as the result of an agent's task:
+
+```python
+# ...
+# Define a custom tool that returns the result as the answer
+coding_agent =Agent(
+        role="Data Scientist",
+        goal="Product amazing resports on AI",
+        backstory="You work with data and AI",
+        tools=[MyCustomTool(result_as_answer=True)],
+    )
+# ...
+```
+
+### Workflow in Action
+
+1. **Task Execution**: The agent executes the task using the tool provided.
+2. **Tool Output**: The tool generates the output, which is captured as the task result.
+3. **Agent Interaction**: The agent my reflect and take learnings from the tool but the output is not modified.
+4. **Result Return**: The tool output is returned as the task result without any modifications.

docs/how-to/Hierarchical.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ The hierarchical process in CrewAI introduces a structured approach to task mana
     The hierarchical process is designed to leverage advanced models like GPT-4, optimizing token usage while handling complex tasks with greater efficiency.
 
 ## Hierarchical Process Overview
-By default, tasks in CrewAI are managed through a sequential process. However, adopting a hierarchical approach allows for a clear hierarchy in task management, where a 'manager' agent coordinates the workflow, delegates tasks, and validates outcomes for streamlined and effective execution. This manager agent is automatically created by crewAI so you don't need to worry about it.
+By default, tasks in CrewAI are managed through a sequential process. However, adopting a hierarchical approach allows for a clear hierarchy in task management, where a 'manager' agent coordinates the workflow, delegates tasks, and validates outcomes for streamlined and effective execution. This manager agent can now be either automatically created by CrewAI or explicitly set by the user.
 
 ### Key Features
 - **Task Delegation**: A manager agent allocates tasks among crew members based on their roles and capabilities.
@@ -52,9 +52,10 @@ writer = Agent(
 project_crew = Crew(
     tasks=[...],  # Tasks to be delegated and executed under the manager's supervision
     agents=[researcher, writer],
-    manager_llm=ChatOpenAI(temperature=0, model="gpt-4"),  # Mandatory for hierarchical process
+    manager_llm=ChatOpenAI(temperature=0, model="gpt-4"),  # Mandatory if manager_agent is not set
     process=Process.hierarchical,  # Specifies the hierarchical management approach
     memory=True,  # Enable memory usage for enhanced task execution
+    manager_agent=None,  # Optional: explicitly set a specific agent as manager instead of the manager_llm
 )
 ```
 
@@ -64,4 +65,4 @@ project_crew = Crew(
 3. **Sequential Task Progression**: Despite being a hierarchical process, tasks follow a logical order for smooth progression, facilitated by the manager's oversight.
 
 ## Conclusion
-Adopting the hierarchical process in crewAI, with the correct configurations and understanding of the system's capabilities, facilitates an organized and efficient approach to project management.
+Adopting the hierarchical process in CrewAI, with the correct configurations and understanding of the system's capabilities, facilitates an organized and efficient approach to project management. Utilize the advanced features and customizations to tailor the workflow to your specific needs, ensuring optimal task execution and project success.

docs/how-to/Human-Input-on-Execution.md

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import os
 from crewai import Agent, Task, Crew
 from crewai_tools import SerperDevTool
 
-os.environ["SERPER_API_KEY"] = "Your Key" # serper.dev API key
+os.environ["SERPER_API_KEY"] = "Your Key"  # serper.dev API key
 os.environ["OPENAI_API_KEY"] = "Your Key"
 
 # Loading Tools
@@ -30,59 +30,59 @@ search_tool = SerperDevTool()
 
 # Define your agents with roles, goals, tools, and additional attributes
 researcher = Agent(
-  role='Senior Research Analyst',
-  goal='Uncover cutting-edge developments in AI and data science',
-  backstory=(
-    "You are a Senior Research Analyst at a leading tech think tank."
-    "Your expertise lies in identifying emerging trends and technologies in AI and data science."
-    "You have a knack for dissecting complex data and presenting actionable insights."
-  ),
-  verbose=True,
-  allow_delegation=False,
-  tools=[search_tool],
-  max_rpm=100
+    role='Senior Research Analyst',
+    goal='Uncover cutting-edge developments in AI and data science',
+    backstory=(
+        "You are a Senior Research Analyst at a leading tech think tank. "
+        "Your expertise lies in identifying emerging trends and technologies in AI and data science. "
+        "You have a knack for dissecting complex data and presenting actionable insights."
+    ),
+    verbose=True,
+    allow_delegation=False,
+    tools=[search_tool]
 )
 writer = Agent(
-  role='Tech Content Strategist',
-  goal='Craft compelling content on tech advancements',
-  backstory=(
-    "You are a renowned Tech Content Strategist, known for your insightful and engaging articles on technology and innovation."
-    "With a deep understanding of the tech industry, you transform complex concepts into compelling narratives."
-  ),
-  verbose=True,
-  allow_delegation=True,
-  tools=[search_tool],
-  cache=False, # Disable cache for this agent
+    role='Tech Content Strategist',
+    goal='Craft compelling content on tech advancements',
+    backstory=(
+        "You are a renowned Tech Content Strategist, known for your insightful and engaging articles on technology and innovation. "
+        "With a deep understanding of the tech industry, you transform complex concepts into compelling narratives."
+    ),
+    verbose=True,
+    allow_delegation=True,
+    tools=[search_tool],
+    cache=False,  # Disable cache for this agent
 )
 
 # Create tasks for your agents
 task1 = Task(
-  description=(
-    "Conduct a comprehensive analysis of the latest advancements in AI in 2024."
-    "Identify key trends, breakthrough technologies, and potential industry impacts."
-    "Compile your findings in a detailed report."
-    "Make sure to check with a human if the draft is good before finalizing your answer."
-  ),
-  expected_output='A comprehensive full report on the latest AI advancements in 2024, leave nothing out',
-  agent=researcher,
-  human_input=True,
+    description=(
+        "Conduct a comprehensive analysis of the latest advancements in AI in 2024. "
+        "Identify key trends, breakthrough technologies, and potential industry impacts. "
+        "Compile your findings in a detailed report. "
+        "Make sure to check with a human if the draft is good before finalizing your answer."
+    ),
+    expected_output='A comprehensive full report on the latest AI advancements in 2024, leave nothing out',
+    agent=researcher,
+    human_input=True
 )
 
 task2 = Task(
-  description=(
-    "Using the insights from the researcher's report, develop an engaging blog post that highlights the most significant AI advancements."
-    "Your post should be informative yet accessible, catering to a tech-savvy audience."
-    "Aim for a narrative that captures the essence of these breakthroughs and their implications for the future."
-  ),
-  expected_output='A compelling 3 paragraphs blog post formatted as markdown about the latest AI advancements in 2024',
-  agent=writer
+    description=(
+        "Using the insights from the researcher\'s report, develop an engaging blog post that highlights the most significant AI advancements. "
+        "Your post should be informative yet accessible, catering to a tech-savvy audience. "
+        "Aim for a narrative that captures the essence of these breakthroughs and their implications for the future."
+    ),
+    expected_output='A compelling 3 paragraphs blog post formatted as markdown about the latest AI advancements in 2024',
+    agent=writer
 )
 
 # Instantiate your crew with a sequential process
 crew = Crew(
-  agents=[researcher, writer],
-  tasks=[task1, task2],
-  verbose=2
+    agents=[researcher, writer],
+    tasks=[task1, task2],
+    verbose=2,
+    memory=True,
 )
 
 # Get your crew to work!

docs/how-to/Installing-CrewAI.md

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ Welcome to crewAI! This guide will walk you through the installation process for
 To install crewAI, you need to have Python >=3.10 and <=3.13 installed on your system:
 
 ```shell
-# Install the mains crewAI package
+# Install the main crewAI package
 pip install crewai
 
 # Install the main crewAI package and the tools package

docs/how-to/Kickoff-async.md

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+---
+title: Kickoff Async
+description: Kickoff a Crew Asynchronously
+---
+
+## Introduction
+CrewAI provides the ability to kickoff a crew asynchronously, allowing you to start the crew execution in a non-blocking manner. This feature is particularly useful when you want to run multiple crews concurrently or when you need to perform other tasks while the crew is executing.
+
+## Asynchronous Crew Execution
+To kickoff a crew asynchronously, use the `kickoff_async()` method. This method initiates the crew execution in a separate thread, allowing the main thread to continue executing other tasks.
+
+Here's an example of how to kickoff a crew asynchronously:
+
+```python
+from crewai import Crew, Agent, Task
+
+# Create an agent with code execution enabled
+coding_agent = Agent(
+    role="Python Data Analyst",
+    goal="Analyze data and provide insights using Python",
+    backstory="You are an experienced data analyst with strong Python skills.",
+    allow_code_execution=True
+)
+
+# Create a task that requires code execution
+data_analysis_task = Task(
+    description="Analyze the given dataset and calculate the average age of participants. Ages: {ages}",
+    agent=coding_agent
+)
+
+# Create a crew and add the task
+analysis_crew = Crew(
+    agents=[coding_agent],
+    tasks=[data_analysis_task]
+)
+
+# Execute the crew
+result = analysis_crew.kickoff_async(inputs={"ages": [25, 30, 35, 40, 45]})
+```
+

docs/how-to/Kickoff-for-each.md

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+---
+title: Kickoff For Each
+description: Kickoff a Crew for a List
+---
+
+## Introduction
+CrewAI provides the ability to kickoff a crew for each item in a list, allowing you to execute the crew for each item in the list. This feature is particularly useful when you need to perform the same set of tasks for multiple items.
+
+## Kicking Off a Crew for Each Item
+To kickoff a crew for each item in a list, use the `kickoff_for_each()` method. This method executes the crew for each item in the list, allowing you to process multiple items efficiently.
+
+Here's an example of how to kickoff a crew for each item in a list:
+
+```python
+from crewai import Crew, Agent, Task
+
+# Create an agent with code execution enabled
+coding_agent = Agent(
+    role="Python Data Analyst",
+    goal="Analyze data and provide insights using Python",
+    backstory="You are an experienced data analyst with strong Python skills.",
+    allow_code_execution=True
+)
+
+# Create a task that requires code execution
+data_analysis_task = Task(
+    description="Analyze the given dataset and calculate the average age of participants. Ages: {ages}",
+    agent=coding_agent
+)
+
+# Create a crew and add the task
+analysis_crew = Crew(
+    agents=[coding_agent],
+    tasks=[data_analysis_task]
+)
+
+datasets = [
+  { "ages": [25, 30, 35, 40, 45] },
+  { "ages": [20, 25, 30, 35, 40] },
+  { "ages": [30, 35, 40, 45, 50] }
+]
+
+# Execute the crew
+result = analysis_crew.kickoff_for_each(inputs=datasets)
+```

docs/how-to/LLM-Connections.md

@@ -1,31 +1,37 @@
 ---
 title: Connect CrewAI to LLMs
-description: Comprehensive guide on integrating CrewAI with various Large Language Models (LLMs), including detailed class attributes and methods.
+description: Comprehensive guide on integrating CrewAI with various Large Language Models (LLMs), including detailed class attributes, methods, and configuration options.
 ---
 
 ## Connect CrewAI to LLMs
+
 !!! note "Default LLM"
-    By default, CrewAI uses OpenAI's GPT-4 model for language processing. You can configure your agents to use a different model or API. This guide shows how to connect your agents to various LLMs through environment variables and direct instantiation.
+    By default, CrewAI uses OpenAI's GPT-4 model (specifically, the model specified by the OPENAI_MODEL_NAME environment variable, defaulting to "gpt-4o") for language processing. You can configure your agents to use a different model or API as described in this guide.
 
 CrewAI offers flexibility in connecting to various LLMs, including local models via [Ollama](https://ollama.ai) and different APIs like Azure. It's compatible with all [LangChain LLM](https://python.langchain.com/docs/integrations/llms/) components, enabling diverse integrations for tailored AI solutions.
 
 ## CrewAI Agent Overview
-The `Agent` class is the cornerstone for implementing AI solutions in CrewAI. Here's an updated overview reflecting the latest codebase changes:
+
+The `Agent` class is the cornerstone for implementing AI solutions in CrewAI. Here's a comprehensive overview of the Agent class attributes and methods:
 
 - **Attributes**:
     - `role`: Defines the agent's role within the solution.
     - `goal`: Specifies the agent's objective.
     - `backstory`: Provides a background story to the agent.
-    - `llm`: Indicates the Large Language Model the agent uses. By default, it uses the GPT-4 model defined in the environment variable "OPENAI_MODEL_NAME".
-    - `function_calling_llm` *Optional*: Will turn the ReAct crewAI agent into a function calling agent.
-    - `max_iter`: Maximum number of iterations for an agent to execute a task, default is 15.
-    - `memory`: Enables the agent to retain information during and a across executions. Default is `False`.
-    - `max_rpm`: Maximum number of requests per minute the agent's execution should respect. Optional.
-    - `verbose`: Enables detailed logging of the agent's execution. Default is `False`.
-    - `allow_delegation`: Allows the agent to delegate tasks to other agents, default is `True`.
+    - `cache` *Optional*: Determines whether the agent should use a cache for tool usage. Default is `True`.
+    - `max_rpm` *Optional*: Maximum number of requests per minute the agent's execution should respect. Optional.
+    - `verbose` *Optional*: Enables detailed logging of the agent's execution. Default is `False`.
+    - `allow_delegation` *Optional*: Allows the agent to delegate tasks to other agents, default is `True`.
     - `tools`: Specifies the tools available to the agent for task execution. Optional.
-    - `step_callback`: Provides a callback function to be executed after each step. Optional.
-    - `cache`: Determines whether the agent should use a cache for tool usage. Default is `True`.
+    - `max_iter` *Optional*: Maximum number of iterations for an agent to execute a task, default is 25.
+    - `max_execution_time` *Optional*: Maximum execution time for an agent to execute a task. Optional.
+    - `step_callback` *Optional*: Provides a callback function to be executed after each step. Optional.
+    - `llm` *Optional*: Indicates the Large Language Model the agent uses. By default, it uses the GPT-4 model defined in the environment variable "OPENAI_MODEL_NAME".
+    - `function_calling_llm` *Optional* :  Will turn the ReAct CrewAI agent into a function-calling agent.
+    - `callbacks` *Optional*: A list of callback functions from the LangChain library that are triggered during the agent's execution process.
+    - `system_template` *Optional*: Optional string to define the system format for the agent.
+    - `prompt_template` *Optional*: Optional string to define the prompt format for the agent.
+    - `response_template` *Optional*: Optional string to define the response format for the agent.
 
 ```python
 # Required
@@ -36,65 +42,34 @@ example_agent = Agent(
   role='Local Expert',
   goal='Provide insights about the city',
   backstory="A knowledgeable local guide.",
-  verbose=True,
-  memory=True
+  verbose=True
 )
 ```
 
 ## Ollama Integration
-Ollama is preferred for local LLM integration, offering customization and privacy benefits. To integrate Ollama with CrewAI, set the appropriate environment variables as shown below. 
+Ollama is preferred for local LLM integration, offering customization and privacy benefits. To integrate Ollama with CrewAI, set the appropriate environment variables as shown below.
 
 ### Setting Up Ollama
 - **Environment Variables Configuration**: To integrate Ollama, set the following environment variables:
 ```sh
-OPENAI_API_BASE='http://localhost:11434/v1'
-OPENAI_MODEL_NAME='openhermes'  # Adjust based on available model
+OPENAI_API_BASE='http://localhost:11434'
+OPENAI_MODEL_NAME='llama2'  # Adjust based on available model
 OPENAI_API_KEY=''
 ```
 
 ## Ollama Integration (ex. for using Llama 2 locally)
 1. [Download Ollama](https://ollama.com/download).   
 2. After setting up the Ollama, Pull the Llama2 by typing following lines into the terminal ```ollama pull llama2```.   
-3. Create a ModelFile similar the one below in your project directory.
-```
-FROM llama2
-
-# Set parameters
-
-PARAMETER temperature 0.8
-PARAMETER stop Result
-
-# Sets a custom system message to specify the behavior of the chat assistant
-
-# Leaving it blank for now.
-
-SYSTEM """"""
-```
-4. Create a script to get the base model, which in our case is llama2, and create a model on top of that with ModelFile above. PS: this will be ".sh" file.     
-```
-#!/bin/zsh
-
-# variables
-model_name="llama2"
-custom_model_name="crewai-llama2"
-
-#get the base model
-ollama pull $model_name
-
-#create the model file
-ollama create $custom_model_name -f ./Llama2ModelFile
-```
-5. Go into the directory where the script file and ModelFile is located and run the script.   
-6. Enjoy your free Llama2 model that powered up by excellent agents from crewai.   
+3. Enjoy your free Llama2 model that powered up by excellent agents from crewai.   
 ```
 from crewai import Agent, Task, Crew
-from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
+from langchain.llms import Ollama
 import os
 os.environ["OPENAI_API_KEY"] = "NA"
 
-llm = ChatOpenAI(
-    model = "crewai-llama2",
-    base_url = "http://localhost:11434/v1")
+llm = Ollama(
+    model = "llama2",
+    base_url = "http://localhost:11434")
 
 general_agent = Agent(role = "Math Professor",
                       goal = """Provide the solution to the students that are asking mathematical questions and give them the answer.""",
@@ -102,7 +77,8 @@ general_agent = Agent(role = "Math Professor",
                       allow_delegation = False,
                       verbose = True,
                       llm = llm)
-task = Task (description="""what is 3 + 5""",
+
+task = Task(description="""what is 3 + 5""",
              agent = general_agent,
              expected_output="A numerical answer.")
 
@@ -151,7 +127,7 @@ llm = HuggingFaceHub(
 ```
 
 ## OpenAI Compatible API Endpoints
-Switch between APIs and models seamlessly using environment variables, supporting platforms like FastChat, LM Studio, and Mistral AI.
+Switch between APIs and models seamlessly using environment variables, supporting platforms like FastChat, LM Studio, Groq, and Mistral AI.
 
 ### Configuration Examples
 #### FastChat
@@ -162,12 +138,19 @@ OPENAI_API_KEY=NA
 ```
 
 #### LM Studio
-Launch [LM Studio](https://lmstudio.ai) and go to the Server tab. Then select a model from the dropdown menu then wait for it to load. Once it's loaded, click the green Start Server button and use the URL, port, and API key that's shown (you can modify them). Below is an example of the default settings as of LM Studio 0.2.19:
+Launch [LM Studio](https://lmstudio.ai) and go to the Server tab. Then select a model from the dropdown menu and wait for it to load. Once it's loaded, click the green Start Server button and use the URL, port, and API key that's shown (you can modify them). Below is an example of the default settings as of LM Studio 0.2.19:
 ```sh
 OPENAI_API_BASE="http://localhost:1234/v1"
 OPENAI_API_KEY="lm-studio"
 ```
 
+#### Groq API
+```sh
+OPENAI_API_KEY=your-groq-api-key
+OPENAI_MODEL_NAME='llama3-8b-8192'
+OPENAI_API_BASE=https://api.groq.com/openai/v1
+```
+
 #### Mistral API
 ```sh
 OPENAI_API_KEY=your-mistral-api-key
@@ -176,15 +159,16 @@ OPENAI_MODEL_NAME="mistral-small"
 ```
 
 ### Solar
-```sh
+```python
 from langchain_community.chat_models.solar import SolarChat
 # Initialize language model
 os.environ["SOLAR_API_KEY"] = "your-solar-api-key"
 llm = SolarChat(max_tokens=1024)
 
-Free developer API key available here: https://console.upstage.ai/services/solar
-Langchain Example: https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/pull/18556
+# Free developer API key available here: https://console.upstage.ai/services/solar
+# Langchain Example: https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/pull/18556
 ```
+
 ### text-gen-web-ui
 ```sh
 OPENAI_API_BASE=http://localhost:5000/v1
@@ -193,17 +177,16 @@ OPENAI_API_KEY=NA
 ```
 
 ### Cohere
-```sh
-from langchain_community.chat_models import ChatCohere
+```python
+from langchain_cohere import ChatCohere
 # Initialize language model
 os.environ["COHERE_API_KEY"] = "your-cohere-api-key"
 llm = ChatCohere()
 
-Free developer API key available here: https://cohere.com/
-Langchain Documentation: https://python.langchain.com/docs/integrations/chat/cohere
+# Free developer API key available here: https://cohere.com/
+# Langchain Documentation: https://python.langchain.com/docs/integrations/chat/cohere
 ```
 
-
 ### Azure Open AI Configuration
 For Azure OpenAI API integration, set the following environment variables:
 ```sh

docs/how-to/Langtrace-Observability.md

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+---
+title: CrewAI Agent Monitoring with Langtrace
+description: How to monitor cost, latency, and performance of CrewAI Agents using Langtrace, an external observability tool.
+---
+
+# Langtrace Overview
+
+Langtrace is an open-source, external tool that helps you set up observability and evaluations for Large Language Models (LLMs), LLM frameworks, and Vector Databases. While not built directly into CrewAI, Langtrace can be used alongside CrewAI to gain deep visibility into the cost, latency, and performance of your CrewAI Agents. This integration allows you to log hyperparameters, monitor performance regressions, and establish a process for continuous improvement of your Agents.
+
+## Setup Instructions
+
+1. Sign up for [Langtrace](https://langtrace.ai/) by visiting [https://langtrace.ai/signup](https://langtrace.ai/signup).
+2. Create a project and generate an API key.
+3. Install Langtrace in your CrewAI project using the following commands:
+
+```bash
+# Install the SDK
+pip install langtrace-python-sdk
+```
+
+## Using Langtrace with CrewAI
+
+To integrate Langtrace with your CrewAI project, follow these steps:
+
+1. Import and initialize Langtrace at the beginning of your script, before any CrewAI imports:
+
+```python
+from langtrace_python_sdk import langtrace
+langtrace.init(api_key='<LANGTRACE_API_KEY>')
+
+# Now import CrewAI modules
+from crewai import Agent, Task, Crew
+```
+
+2. Create your CrewAI agents and tasks as usual.
+
+3. Use Langtrace's tracking functions to monitor your CrewAI operations. For example:
+
+```python
+with langtrace.trace("CrewAI Task Execution"):
+    result = crew.kickoff()
+```
+
+### Features and Their Application to CrewAI
+
+1. **LLM Token and Cost Tracking**
+   - Monitor the token usage and associated costs for each CrewAI agent interaction.
+   - Example:
+     ```python
+     with langtrace.trace("Agent Interaction"):
+         agent_response = agent.execute(task)
+     ```
+
+2. **Trace Graph for Execution Steps**
+   - Visualize the execution flow of your CrewAI tasks, including latency and logs.
+   - Useful for identifying bottlenecks in your agent workflows.
+
+3. **Dataset Curation with Manual Annotation**
+   - Create datasets from your CrewAI task outputs for future training or evaluation.
+   - Example:
+     ```python
+     langtrace.log_dataset_item(task_input, agent_output, {"task_type": "research"})
+     ```
+
+4. **Prompt Versioning and Management**
+   - Keep track of different versions of prompts used in your CrewAI agents.
+   - Useful for A/B testing and optimizing agent performance.
+
+5. **Prompt Playground with Model Comparisons**
+   - Test and compare different prompts and models for your CrewAI agents before deployment.
+
+6. **Testing and Evaluations**
+   - Set up automated tests for your CrewAI agents and tasks.
+   - Example:
+     ```python
+     langtrace.evaluate(agent_output, expected_output, "accuracy")
+     ```
+
+## Monitoring New CrewAI Features
+
+CrewAI has introduced several new features that can be monitored using Langtrace:
+
+1. **Code Execution**: Monitor the performance and output of code executed by agents.
+   ```python
+   with langtrace.trace("Agent Code Execution"):
+       code_output = agent.execute_code(code_snippet)
+   ```
+
+2. **Third-party Agent Integration**: Track interactions with LlamaIndex, LangChain, and Autogen agents.

docs/how-to/Replay-tasks-from-latest-Crew-Kickoff.md

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+---
+title: Replay Tasks from Latest Crew Kickoff
+description: Replay tasks from the latest crew.kickoff(...)
+---
+
+## Introduction
+CrewAI provides the ability to replay from a task specified from the latest crew kickoff. This feature is particularly useful when you've finished a kickoff and may want to retry certain tasks or don't need to refetch data over and your agents already have the context saved from the kickoff execution so you just need to replay the tasks you want to.
+
+## Note:
+You must run `crew.kickoff()` before you can replay a task. Currently, only the latest kickoff is supported, so if you use `kickoff_for_each`, it will only allow you to replay from the most recent crew run.
+
+Here's an example of how to replay from a task:
+
+### Replaying from specific task Using the CLI
+To use the replay feature, follow these steps:
+
+1. Open your terminal or command prompt.
+2. Navigate to the directory where your CrewAI project is located.
+3. Run the following command:
+
+To view latest kickoff task_ids use:
+```shell
+crewai log-tasks-outputs
+```
+
+Once you have your task_id to replay from use:
+```shell
+crewai replay -t <task_id>
+```
+
+
+### Replaying from a task Programmatically
+To replay from a task programmatically, use the following steps:
+
+1. Specify the task_id and input parameters for the replay process.
+2. Execute the replay command within a try-except block to handle potential errors.
+
+```python
+   def replay_from_task():
+    """
+    Replay the crew execution from a specific task.
+    """
+    task_id = '<task_id>'
+    inputs = {"topic": "CrewAI Training"} # this is optional, you can pass in the inputs you want to replay otherwise uses the previous kickoffs inputs
+    try:
+        YourCrewName_Crew().crew().replay_from_task(task_id=task_id, inputs=inputs)
+
+    except Exception as e:
+        raise Exception(f"An error occurred while replaying the crew: {e}")

docs/how-to/Sequential.md

@@ -13,8 +13,9 @@ The sequential process ensures tasks are executed one after the other, following
 - **Linear Task Flow**: Ensures orderly progression by handling tasks in a predetermined sequence.
 - **Simplicity**: Best suited for projects with clear, step-by-step tasks.
 - **Easy Monitoring**: Facilitates easy tracking of task completion and project progress.
+
 ## Implementing the Sequential Process
-Assemble your crew and define tasks in the order they need to be executed.
+To use the sequential process, assemble your crew and define tasks in the order they need to be executed.
 
 ```python
 from crewai import Crew, Process, Agent, Task
@@ -36,10 +37,9 @@ writer = Agent(
   backstory='A skilled writer with a talent for crafting compelling narratives'
 )
 
-# Define the tasks in sequence
-research_task = Task(description='Gather relevant data...', agent=researcher)
-analysis_task = Task(description='Analyze the data...', agent=analyst)
-writing_task = Task(description='Compose the report...', agent=writer)
+research_task = Task(description='Gather relevant data...', agent=researcher, expected_output='Raw Data')
+analysis_task = Task(description='Analyze the data...', agent=analyst, expected_output='Data Insights')
+writing_task = Task(description='Compose the report...', agent=writer, expected_output='Final Report')
 
 # Form the crew with a sequential process
 report_crew = Crew(
@@ -47,6 +47,9 @@ report_crew = Crew(
   tasks=[research_task, analysis_task, writing_task],
   process=Process.sequential
 )
+
+# Execute the crew
+result = report_crew.kickoff()
 ```
 
 ### Workflow in Action
@@ -54,5 +57,29 @@ report_crew = Crew(
 2. **Subsequent Tasks**: Agents pick up their tasks based on the process type, with outcomes of preceding tasks or manager directives guiding their execution.
 3. **Completion**: The process concludes once the final task is executed, leading to project completion.
 
-## Conclusion
-The sequential and hierarchical processes in CrewAI offer clear, adaptable paths for task execution. They are well-suited for projects requiring logical progression and dynamic decision-making, ensuring each step is completed effectively, thereby facilitating a cohesive final product.
+## Advanced Features
+
+### Task Delegation
+In sequential processes, if an agent has `allow_delegation` set to `True`, they can delegate tasks to other agents in the crew. This feature is automatically set up when there are multiple agents in the crew.
+
+### Asynchronous Execution
+Tasks can be executed asynchronously, allowing for parallel processing when appropriate. To create an asynchronous task, set `async_execution=True` when defining the task.
+
+### Memory and Caching
+CrewAI supports both memory and caching features:
+- **Memory**: Enable by setting `memory=True` when creating the Crew. This allows agents to retain information across tasks.
+- **Caching**: By default, caching is enabled. Set `cache=False` to disable it.
+
+### Callbacks
+You can set callbacks at both the task and step level:
+- `task_callback`: Executed after each task completion.
+- `step_callback`: Executed after each step in an agent's execution.
+
+### Usage Metrics
+CrewAI tracks token usage across all tasks and agents. You can access these metrics after execution.
+
+## Best Practices for Sequential Processes
+1. **Order Matters**: Arrange tasks in a logical sequence where each task builds upon the previous one.
+2. **Clear Task Descriptions**: Provide detailed descriptions for each task to guide the agents effectively.
+3. **Appropriate Agent Selection**: Match agents' skills and roles to the requirements of each task.
+4. **Use Context**: Leverage the context from previous tasks to inform subsequent ones

docs/how-to/Start-a-New-CrewAI-Project.md

@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+---
+title: Starting a New CrewAI Project
+description: A comprehensive guide to starting a new CrewAI project, including the latest updates and project setup methods.
+---
+
+# Starting Your CrewAI Project
+
+Welcome to the ultimate guide for starting a new CrewAI project. This document will walk you through the steps to create, customize, and run your CrewAI project, ensuring you have everything you need to get started.
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+We assume you have already installed CrewAI. If not, please refer to the [installation guide](https://docs.crewai.com/how-to/Installing-CrewAI/) to install CrewAI and its dependencies.
+
+## Creating a New Project
+
+To create a new project, run the following CLI command:
+
+```shell
+$ crewai create my_project
+```
+
+This command will create a new project folder with the following structure:
+
+```shell
+my_project/
+├── .gitignore
+├── pyproject.toml
+├── README.md
+└── src/
+    └── my_project/
+        ├── __init__.py
+        ├── main.py
+        ├── crew.py
+        ├── tools/
+        │   ├── custom_tool.py
+        │   └── __init__.py
+        └── config/
+            ├── agents.yaml
+            └── tasks.yaml
+```
+
+You can now start developing your project by editing the files in the `src/my_project` folder. The `main.py` file is the entry point of your project, and the `crew.py` file is where you define your agents and tasks.
+
+## Customizing Your Project
+
+To customize your project, you can:
+- Modify `src/my_project/config/agents.yaml` to define your agents.
+- Modify `src/my_project/config/tasks.yaml` to define your tasks.
+- Modify `src/my_project/crew.py` to add your own logic, tools, and specific arguments.
+- Modify `src/my_project/main.py` to add custom inputs for your agents and tasks.
+- Add your environment variables into the `.env` file.
+
+### Example: Defining Agents and Tasks
+
+#### agents.yaml
+
+```yaml
+researcher:
+  role: >
+    Job Candidate Researcher
+  goal: >
+    Find potential candidates for the job
+  backstory: >
+    You are adept at finding the right candidates by exploring various online
+    resources. Your skill in identifying suitable candidates ensures the best
+    match for job positions.
+```
+
+#### tasks.yaml
+
+```yaml
+research_candidates_task:
+  description: >
+    Conduct thorough research to find potential candidates for the specified job.
+    Utilize various online resources and databases to gather a comprehensive list of potential candidates.
+    Ensure that the candidates meet the job requirements provided.
+
+    Job Requirements:
+    {job_requirements}
+  expected_output: >
+    A list of 10 potential candidates with their contact information and brief profiles highlighting their suitability.
+```
+
+## Installing Dependencies
+
+To install the dependencies for your project, you can use Poetry. First, navigate to your project directory:
+
+```shell
+$ cd my_project
+$ poetry lock
+$ poetry install
+```
+
+This will install the dependencies specified in the `pyproject.toml` file.
+
+## Interpolating Variables
+
+Any variable interpolated in your `agents.yaml` and `tasks.yaml` files like `{variable}` will be replaced by the value of the variable in the `main.py` file.
+
+#### agents.yaml
+
+```yaml
+research_task:
+  description: >
+    Conduct a thorough research about the customer and competitors in the context
+    of {customer_domain}.
+    Make sure you find any interesting and relevant information given the
+    current year is 2024.
+  expected_output: >
+    A complete report on the customer and their customers and competitors,
+    including their demographics, preferences, market positioning and audience engagement.
+```
+
+#### main.py
+
+```python
+# main.py
+def run():
+    inputs = {
+        "customer_domain": "crewai.com"
+    }
+    MyProjectCrew(inputs).crew().kickoff(inputs=inputs)
+```
+
+## Running Your Project
+
+To run your project, use the following command:
+
+```shell
+$ poetry run my_project
+```
+
+This will initialize your crew of AI agents and begin task execution as defined in your configuration in the `main.py` file.
+
+## Deploying Your Project
+
+The easiest way to deploy your crew is through [CrewAI+](https://www.crewai.com/crewaiplus), where you can deploy your crew in a few clicks.

docs/how-to/Your-Own-Manager-Agent.md

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+---
+title: Setting a Specific Agent as Manager in CrewAI
+description: Learn how to set a custom agent as the manager in CrewAI, providing more control over task management and coordination.
+
+---
+
+# Setting a Specific Agent as Manager in CrewAI
+
+CrewAI allows users to set a specific agent as the manager of the crew, providing more control over the management and coordination of tasks. This feature enables the customization of the managerial role to better fit your project's requirements.
+
+## Using the `manager_agent` Attribute
+
+### Custom Manager Agent
+
+The `manager_agent` attribute allows you to define a custom agent to manage the crew. This agent will oversee the entire process, ensuring that tasks are completed efficiently and to the highest standard.
+
+### Example
+
+```python
+import os
+from crewai import Agent, Task, Crew, Process
+
+# Define your agents
+researcher = Agent(
+    role="Researcher",
+    goal="Conduct thorough research and analysis on AI and AI agents",
+    backstory="You're an expert researcher, specialized in technology, software engineering, AI, and startups. You work as a freelancer and are currently researching for a new client.",
+    allow_delegation=False,
+)
+
+writer = Agent(
+    role="Senior Writer",
+    goal="Create compelling content about AI and AI agents",
+    backstory="You're a senior writer, specialized in technology, software engineering, AI, and startups. You work as a freelancer and are currently writing content for a new client.",
+    allow_delegation=False,
+)
+
+# Define your task
+task = Task(
+    description="Generate a list of 5 interesting ideas for an article, then write one captivating paragraph for each idea that showcases the potential of a full article on this topic. Return the list of ideas with their paragraphs and your notes.",
+    expected_output="5 bullet points, each with a paragraph and accompanying notes.",
+)
+
+# Define the manager agent
+manager = Agent(
+    role="Project Manager",
+    goal="Efficiently manage the crew and ensure high-quality task completion",
+    backstory="You're an experienced project manager, skilled in overseeing complex projects and guiding teams to success. Your role is to coordinate the efforts of the crew members, ensuring that each task is completed on time and to the highest standard.",
+    allow_delegation=True,
+)
+
+# Instantiate your crew with a custom manager
+crew = Crew(
+    agents=[researcher, writer],
+    tasks=[task],
+    manager_agent=manager,
+    process=Process.hierarchical,
+)
+
+# Start the crew's work
+result = crew.kickoff()
+```
+
+## Benefits of a Custom Manager Agent
+
+- **Enhanced Control**: Tailor the management approach to fit the specific needs of your project.
+- **Improved Coordination**: Ensure efficient task coordination and management by an experienced agent.
+- **Customizable Management**: Define managerial roles and responsibilities that align with your project's goals.
+
+## Setting a Manager LLM
+
+If you're using the hierarchical process and don't want to set a custom manager agent, you can specify the language model for the manager:
+
+```python
+from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
+
+manager_llm = ChatOpenAI(model_name="gpt-4")
+
+crew = Crew(
+    agents=[researcher, writer],
+    tasks=[task],
+    process=Process.hierarchical,
+    manager_llm=manager_llm
+)
+```
+
+Note: Either `manager_agent` or `manager_llm` must be set when using the hierarchical process.

docs/index.md

@@ -33,16 +33,31 @@ Cutting-edge framework for orchestrating role-playing, autonomous AI agents. By
                     Crews
                 </a>
             </li>
+            <li>
+                <a href="./core-concepts/Training-Crew">
+                    Training
+                </a>
+            </li>
             <li>
                 <a href="./core-concepts/Memory">
                     Memory
                 </a>
             </li>
+            <li>
+                <a href="./core-concepts/Planning">
+                    Planning
+                </a>
+            </li>
         </ul>
     </div>
     <div style="width:30%">
         <h2>How-To Guides</h2>
         <ul>
+            <li>
+                <a href="./how-to/Start-a-New-CrewAI-Project">
+                    Starting Your crewAI Project
+                </a>
+            </li>
             <li>
                 <a href="./how-to/Installing-CrewAI">
                     Installing crewAI
@@ -78,16 +93,51 @@ Cutting-edge framework for orchestrating role-playing, autonomous AI agents. By
                     Customizing Agents
                 </a>
             </li>
+            <li>
+                <a href="./how-to/Coding-Agents">
+                    Coding Agents
+                </a>
+            </li>
+            <li>
+                <a href="./how-to/Force-Tool-Ouput-as-Result">
+                    Forcing Tool Output as Result
+                </a>
+            </li>
             <li>
                 <a href="./how-to/Human-Input-on-Execution">
                     Human Input on Execution
                 </a>
             </li>
+            <li>
+                <a href="./how-to/Kickoff-async">
+                    Kickoff a Crew Asynchronously
+                </a>
+            </li>
+            <li>
+                <a href="./how-to/Kickoff-for-each">
+                    Kickoff a Crew for a List
+                </a>
+            </li>
+            <li>
+                <a href="./how-to/Replay-tasks-from-latest-Crew-Kickoff">
+                    Replay from a Task
+                </a>
+            </li>
+            <li>
+                <a href="./how-to/Conditional-Tasks">
+                    Conditional Tasks
+                </a>
+            </li>
             <li>
                 <a href="./how-to/AgentOps-Observability">
                     Agent Monitoring with AgentOps
                 </a>
             </li>
+            <li>
+                <a href="./how-to/Langtrace-Observability">
+                    Agent Monitoring with LangTrace
+                </a>
+            </li>
         </ul>
     </div>
     <div style="width:30%">

docs/telemetry/Telemetry.md

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 title: Telemetry
 description: Understanding the telemetry data collected by CrewAI and how it contributes to the enhancement of the library.
 ---
+
 ## Telemetry
 
 CrewAI utilizes anonymous telemetry to gather usage statistics with the primary goal of enhancing the library. Our focus is on improving and developing the features, integrations, and tools most utilized by our users.

docs/tools/BrowserbaseLoadTool.md

@@ -2,11 +2,17 @@
 
 ## Description
 
-[Browserbase](https://browserbase.com) is a serverless platform for running headless browsers, it offers advanced debugging, session recordings, stealth mode, integrated proxies and captcha solving.
+[Browserbase](https://browserbase.com) is a developer platform to reliably run, manage, and monitor headless browsers.
+
+ Power your AI data retrievals with:
+ - [Serverless Infrastructure](https://docs.browserbase.com/under-the-hood) providing reliable browsers to extract data from complex UIs
+ - [Stealth Mode](https://docs.browserbase.com/features/stealth-mode) with included fingerprinting tactics and automatic captcha solving
+ - [Session Debugger](https://docs.browserbase.com/features/sessions) to inspect your Browser Session with networks timeline and logs
+ - [Live Debug](https://docs.browserbase.com/guides/session-debug-connection/browser-remote-control) to quickly debug your automation
 
 ## Installation
 
-- Get an API key from [browserbase.com](https://browserbase.com) and set it in environment variables (`BROWSERBASE_API_KEY`).
+- Get an API key and Project ID from [browserbase.com](https://browserbase.com) and set it in environment variables (`BROWSERBASE_API_KEY`, `BROWSERBASE_PROJECT_ID`).
 - Install the [Browserbase SDK](http://github.com/browserbase/python-sdk) along with `crewai[tools]` package:
 
 ```
@@ -25,5 +31,8 @@ tool = BrowserbaseLoadTool()
 
 ## Arguments
 
-- `api_key`: Optional. Specifies Browserbase API key. Defaults is the `BROWSERBASE_API_KEY` environment variable.
-- `text_content`: Optional. Load pages as readable text. Default is `False`.
+- `api_key` Optional. Browserbase API key. Default is `BROWSERBASE_API_KEY` env variable.
+- `project_id` Optional. Browserbase Project ID. Default is `BROWSERBASE_PROJECT_ID` env variable.
+- `text_content` Retrieve only text content. Default is `False`.
+- `session_id` Optional. Provide an existing Session ID.
+- `proxy` Optional. Enable/Disable Proxies."

docs/tools/CodeInterpreterTool.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+# CodeInterpreterTool
+
+## Description
+This tool is used to give the Agent the ability to run code (Python3) from the code generated by the Agent itself. The code is executed in a sandboxed environment, so it is safe to run any code.
+
+It is incredible useful since it allows the Agent to generate code, run it in the same environment, get the result and use it to make decisions.
+
+## Requirements
+
+- Docker
+
+## Installation
+Install the crewai_tools package
+```shell
+pip install 'crewai[tools]'
+```
+
+## Example
+
+Remember that when using this tool, the code must be generated by the Agent itself. The code must be a Python3 code. And it will take some time for the first time to run because it needs to build the Docker image.
+
+```python
+from crewai import Agent
+from crewai_tools import CodeInterpreterTool
+
+Agent(
+    ...
+    tools=[CodeInterpreterTool()],
+)
+```
+
+We also provide a simple way to use it directly from the Agent.
+
+```python
+from crewai import Agent
+
+agent = Agent(
+    ...
+    allow_code_execution=True,
+)
+```

docs/tools/ComposioTool.md

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+# ComposioTool Documentation
+
+## Description
+
+This tools is a wrapper around the composio toolset and gives your agent access to a wide variety of tools from the composio SDK.
+
+## Installation
+
+To incorporate this tool into your project, follow the installation instructions below:
+
+```shell
+pip install composio-core
+pip install 'crewai[tools]'
+```
+
+after the installation is complete, either run `composio login` or export your composio API key as `COMPOSIO_API_KEY`.
+
+## Example
+
+The following example demonstrates how to initialize the tool and execute a github action:
+
+1. Initialize toolset
+
+```python
+from composio import App
+from crewai_tools import ComposioTool
+from crewai import Agent, Task
+
+
+tools = [ComposioTool.from_action(action=Action.GITHUB_ACTIVITY_STAR_REPO_FOR_AUTHENTICATED_USER)]
+```
+
+If you don't know what action you want to use, use `from_app` and `tags` filter to get relevant actions
+
+```python
+tools = ComposioTool.from_app(App.GITHUB, tags=["important"])
+```
+
+or use `use_case` to search relevant actions
+
+```python
+tools = ComposioTool.from_app(App.GITHUB, use_case="Star a github repository")
+```
+
+2. Define agent
+
+```python
+crewai_agent = Agent(
+    role="Github Agent",
+    goal="You take action on Github using Github APIs",
+    backstory=(
+        "You are AI agent that is responsible for taking actions on Github "
+        "on users behalf. You need to take action on Github using Github APIs"
+    ),
+    verbose=True,
+    tools=tools,
+)
+```
+
+3. Execute task
+
+```python
+task = Task(
+    description="Star a repo ComposioHQ/composio on GitHub",
+    agent=crewai_agent,
+    expected_output="if the star happened",
+)
+
+task.execute()
+```
+
+* More detailed list of tools can be found [here](https://app.composio.dev)

docs/tools/EXASearchTool.md

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+# EXASearchTool Documentation
+
+## Description
+
+The EXASearchTool is designed to perform a semantic search for a specified query from a text's content across the internet. It utilizes the [exa.ai](https://exa.ai/) API to fetch and display the most relevant search results based on the query provided by the user.
+
+## Installation
+
+To incorporate this tool into your project, follow the installation instructions below:
+
+```shell
+pip install 'crewai[tools]'
+```
+
+## Example
+
+The following example demonstrates how to initialize the tool and execute a search with a given query:
+
+```python
+from crewai_tools import EXASearchTool
+
+# Initialize the tool for internet searching capabilities
+tool = EXASearchTool()
+```
+
+## Steps to Get Started
+
+To effectively use the EXASearchTool, follow these steps:
+
+1. **Package Installation**: Confirm that the `crewai[tools]` package is installed in your Python environment.
+2. **API Key Acquisition**: Acquire a [exa.ai](https://exa.ai/) API key by registering for a free account at [exa.ai](https://exa.ai/).
+3. **Environment Configuration**: Store your obtained API key in an environment variable named `EXA_API_KEY` to facilitate its use by the tool.
+
+## Conclusion
+
+By integrating the EXASearchTool into Python projects, users gain the ability to conduct real-time, relevant searches across the internet directly from their applications. By adhering to the setup and usage guidelines provided, incorporating this tool into projects is streamlined and straightforward.

docs/tools/GitHubSearchTool.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
     We are still working on improving tools, so there might be unexpected behavior or changes in the future.
 
 ## Description
-The GithubSearchTool is a Read, Append, and Generate (RAG) tool specifically designed for conducting semantic searches within GitHub repositories. Utilizing advanced semantic search capabilities, it sifts through code, pull requests, issues, and repositories, making it an essential tool for developers, researchers, or anyone in need of precise information from GitHub.
+The GithubSearchTool is a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) tool specifically designed for conducting semantic searches within GitHub repositories. Utilizing advanced semantic search capabilities, it sifts through code, pull requests, issues, and repositories, making it an essential tool for developers, researchers, or anyone in need of precise information from GitHub.
 
 ## Installation
 To use the GithubSearchTool, first ensure the crewai_tools package is installed in your Python environment:

docs/tools/MDXSearchTool.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
     The MDXSearchTool is in continuous development. Features may be added or removed, and functionality could change unpredictably as we refine the tool.
 
 ## Description
-The MDX Search Tool is a component of the `crewai_tools` package aimed at facilitating advanced market data extraction. This tool is invaluable for researchers and analysts seeking quick access to market insights, especially within the AI sector. It simplifies the task of acquiring, interpreting, and organizing market data by interfacing with various data sources.
+The MDX Search Tool is a component of the `crewai_tools` package aimed at facilitating advanced markdown language extraction. It enables users to effectively search and extract relevant information from MD files using query-based searches. This tool is invaluable for data analysis, information management, and research tasks, streamlining the process of finding specific information within large document collections.
 
 ## Installation
 Before using the MDX Search Tool, ensure the `crewai_tools` package is installed. If it is not, you can install it with the following command:
@@ -59,4 +59,4 @@ tool = MDXSearchTool(
         ),
     )
 )
-```
+```

docs/tools/PDFSearchTool.md

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ tool = PDFSearchTool(pdf='path/to/your/document.pdf')
 ```
 
 ## Arguments
-- `pdf`: **Optinal** The PDF path for the search. Can be provided at initialization or within the `run` method's arguments. If provided at initialization, the tool confines its search to the specified document.
+- `pdf`: **Optional** The PDF path for the search. Can be provided at initialization or within the `run` method's arguments. If provided at initialization, the tool confines its search to the specified document.
 
 ## Custom model and embeddings
 

docs/tools/TXTSearchTool.md

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ tool = TXTSearchTool(txt='path/to/text/file.txt')
 ```
 
 ## Arguments
-- `txt` (str): **Optinal**. The path to the text file you want to search. This argument is only required if the tool was not initialized with a specific text file; otherwise, the search will be conducted within the initially provided text file.
+- `txt` (str): **Optional**. The path to the text file you want to search. This argument is only required if the tool was not initialized with a specific text file; otherwise, the search will be conducted within the initially provided text file.
 
 ## Custom model and embeddings
 

mkdocs.yml

@@ -126,22 +126,38 @@ nav:
     - Processes: 'core-concepts/Processes.md'
     - Crews: 'core-concepts/Crews.md'
     - Collaboration: 'core-concepts/Collaboration.md'
+    - Training: 'core-concepts/Training-Crew.md'
     - Memory: 'core-concepts/Memory.md'
+    - Planning: 'core-concepts/Planning.md'
+    - Using LangChain Tools: 'core-concepts/Using-LangChain-Tools.md'
+    - Using LlamaIndex Tools: 'core-concepts/Using-LlamaIndex-Tools.md'
   - How to Guides:
+    - Starting Your crewAI Project: 'how-to/Start-a-New-CrewAI-Project.md'
     - Installing CrewAI: 'how-to/Installing-CrewAI.md'
     - Getting Started: 'how-to/Creating-a-Crew-and-kick-it-off.md'
     - Create Custom Tools: 'how-to/Create-Custom-Tools.md'
     - Using Sequential Process: 'how-to/Sequential.md'
     - Using Hierarchical Process: 'how-to/Hierarchical.md'
+    - Create your own Manager Agent: 'how-to/Your-Own-Manager-Agent.md'
     - Connecting to any LLM: 'how-to/LLM-Connections.md'
     - Customizing Agents: 'how-to/Customizing-Agents.md'
+    - Coding Agents: 'how-to/Coding-Agents.md'
+    - Forcing Tool Output as Result: 'how-to/Force-Tool-Ouput-as-Result.md'
     - Human Input on Execution: 'how-to/Human-Input-on-Execution.md'
+    - Kickoff a Crew Asynchronously: 'how-to/Kickoff-async.md'
+    - Kickoff a Crew for a List: 'how-to/Kickoff-for-each.md'
+    - Replay from a specific task from a kickoff: 'how-to/Replay-tasks-from-latest-Crew-Kickoff.md'
+    - Conditional Tasks: 'how-to/Conditional-Tasks.md'
     - Agent Monitoring with AgentOps: 'how-to/AgentOps-Observability.md'
+    - Agent Monitoring with LangTrace: 'how-to/Langtrace-Observability.md'
   - Tools Docs:
     - Google Serper Search: 'tools/SerperDevTool.md'
     - Browserbase Web Loader: 'tools/BrowserbaseLoadTool.md'
+    - Composio Tools: 'tools/ComposioTool.md'
+    - Code Interpreter: 'tools/CodeInterpreterTool.md'
     - Scrape Website: 'tools/ScrapeWebsiteTool.md'
     - Directory Read: 'tools/DirectoryReadTool.md'
+    - Exa Serch Web Loader: 'tools/EXASearchTool.md'
     - File Read: 'tools/FileReadTool.md'
     - Selenium Scraper: 'tools/SeleniumScrapingTool.md'
     - Directory RAG Search: 'tools/DirectorySearchTool.md'
@@ -167,6 +183,7 @@ nav:
     - Landing Page Generator: https://github.com/joaomdmoura/crewAI-examples/tree/main/landing_page_generator"
     - Prepare for meetings: https://github.com/joaomdmoura/crewAI-examples/tree/main/prep-for-a-meeting"
   - Telemetry: 'telemetry/Telemetry.md'
+  - Change Log: 'https://github.com/crewAIInc/crewAI/releases'
 
 extra_css:
   - stylesheets/output.css
@@ -174,6 +191,7 @@ extra_css:
 
 plugins:
   - social
+  - search
 
 extra:
   analytics:

pyproject.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [tool.poetry]
 name = "crewai"
-version = "0.30.10"
+version = "0.41.0"
 description = "Cutting-edge framework for orchestrating role-playing, autonomous AI agents. By fostering collaborative intelligence, CrewAI empowers agents to work together seamlessly, tackling complex tasks."
 authors = ["Joao Moura <joao@crewai.com>"]
 readme = "README.md"
@@ -14,21 +14,25 @@ Repository = "https://github.com/joaomdmoura/crewai"
 [tool.poetry.dependencies]
 python = ">=3.10,<=3.13"
 pydantic = "^2.4.2"
-langchain = "^0.1.10"
+langchain = ">0.2,<=0.3"
 openai = "^1.13.3"
 opentelemetry-api = "^1.22.0"
 opentelemetry-sdk = "^1.22.0"
 opentelemetry-exporter-otlp-proto-http = "^1.22.0"
-instructor = "^0.5.2"
+instructor = "1.3.3"
 regex = "^2023.12.25"
-crewai-tools = { version = "^0.2.6", optional = true }
+crewai-tools = { version = "^0.4.26", optional = true }
 click = "^8.1.7"
 python-dotenv = "^1.0.0"
-embedchain = "^0.1.98"
 appdirs = "^1.4.4"
+jsonref = "^1.1.0"
+agentops = { version = "^0.3.0", optional = true }
+embedchain = "^0.1.114"
+json-repair = "^0.25.2"
 
 [tool.poetry.extras]
 tools = ["crewai-tools"]
+agentops = ["agentops"]
 
 [tool.poetry.group.dev.dependencies]
 isort = "^5.13.2"
@@ -42,7 +46,7 @@ mkdocs-material = { extras = ["imaging"], version = "^9.5.7" }
 mkdocs-material-extensions = "^1.3.1"
 pillow = "^10.2.0"
 cairosvg = "^2.7.1"
-crewai-tools = "^0.2.6"
+crewai-tools = "^0.4.26"
 
 [tool.poetry.group.test.dependencies]
 pytest = "^8.0.0"

src/crewai/__init__.py

@@ -2,3 +2,5 @@ from crewai.agent import Agent
 from crewai.crew import Crew
 from crewai.process import Process
 from crewai.task import Task
+
+__all__ = ["Agent", "Crew", "Process", "Task"]

src/crewai/agent.py

@@ -1,32 +1,39 @@
 import os
-import uuid
-from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
+from inspect import signature
+from typing import Any, List, Optional, Tuple
 
 from langchain.agents.agent import RunnableAgent
+from langchain.agents.tools import BaseTool
 from langchain.agents.tools import tool as LangChainTool
-from langchain.tools.render import render_text_description
 from langchain_core.agents import AgentAction
 from langchain_core.callbacks import BaseCallbackHandler
 from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
-from pydantic import (
-    UUID4,
-    BaseModel,
-    ConfigDict,
-    Field,
-    InstanceOf,
-    PrivateAttr,
-    field_validator,
-    model_validator,
-)
-from pydantic_core import PydanticCustomError
+from pydantic import Field, InstanceOf, PrivateAttr, model_validator
 
-from crewai.agents import CacheHandler, CrewAgentExecutor, CrewAgentParser, ToolsHandler
+from crewai.agents import CacheHandler, CrewAgentExecutor, CrewAgentParser
+from crewai.agents.agent_builder.base_agent import BaseAgent
 from crewai.memory.contextual.contextual_memory import ContextualMemory
-from crewai.utilities import I18N, Logger, Prompts, RPMController
-from crewai.utilities.token_counter_callback import TokenCalcHandler, TokenProcess
+from crewai.tools.agent_tools import AgentTools
+from crewai.utilities import Converter, Prompts
+from crewai.utilities.constants import TRAINED_AGENTS_DATA_FILE, TRAINING_DATA_FILE
+from crewai.utilities.token_counter_callback import TokenCalcHandler
+from crewai.utilities.training_handler import CrewTrainingHandler
+
+agentops = None
+try:
+    import agentops  # type: ignore # Name "agentops" already defined on line 21
+    from agentops import track_agent
+except ImportError:
+
+    def track_agent():
+        def noop(f):
+            return f
+
+        return noop
 
 
-class Agent(BaseModel):
+@track_agent()
+class Agent(BaseAgent):
     """Represents an agent in a system.
 
     Each agent has a role, a goal, a backstory, and an optional language model (llm).
@@ -39,7 +46,7 @@ class Agent(BaseModel):
             backstory: The backstory of the agent.
             config: Dict representation of agent configuration.
             llm: The language model that will run the agent.
-            function_calling_llm: The language model that will the tool calling for this agent, it overrides the crew function_calling_llm.
+            function_calling_llm: The language model that will handle the tool calling for this agent, it overrides the crew function_calling_llm.
             max_iter: Maximum number of iterations for an agent to execute a task.
             memory: Whether the agent should have memory or not.
             max_rpm: Maximum number of requests per minute for the agent execution to be respected.
@@ -48,59 +55,17 @@ class Agent(BaseModel):
             tools: Tools at agents disposal
             step_callback: Callback to be executed after each step of the agent execution.
             callbacks: A list of callback functions from the langchain library that are triggered during the agent's execution process
+            allow_code_execution: Enable code execution for the agent.
+            max_retry_limit: Maximum number of retries for an agent to execute a task when an error occurs.
     """
 
-    __hash__ = object.__hash__  # type: ignore
-    _logger: Logger = PrivateAttr()
-    _rpm_controller: RPMController = PrivateAttr(default=None)
-    _request_within_rpm_limit: Any = PrivateAttr(default=None)
-    _token_process: TokenProcess = TokenProcess()
-
-    formatting_errors: int = 0
-    model_config = ConfigDict(arbitrary_types_allowed=True)
-    id: UUID4 = Field(
-        default_factory=uuid.uuid4,
-        frozen=True,
-        description="Unique identifier for the object, not set by user.",
-    )
-    role: str = Field(description="Role of the agent")
-    goal: str = Field(description="Objective of the agent")
-    backstory: str = Field(description="Backstory of the agent")
-    cache: bool = Field(
-        default=True,
-        description="Whether the agent should use a cache for tool usage.",
-    )
-    config: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = Field(
-        description="Configuration for the agent",
-        default=None,
-    )
-    max_rpm: Optional[int] = Field(
-        default=None,
-        description="Maximum number of requests per minute for the agent execution to be respected.",
-    )
-    verbose: bool = Field(
-        default=False, description="Verbose mode for the Agent Execution"
-    )
-    allow_delegation: bool = Field(
-        default=True, description="Allow delegation of tasks to agents"
-    )
-    tools: Optional[List[Any]] = Field(
-        default_factory=list, description="Tools at agents disposal"
-    )
-    max_iter: Optional[int] = Field(
-        default=25, description="Maximum iterations for an agent to execute a task"
-    )
+    _times_executed: int = PrivateAttr(default=0)
     max_execution_time: Optional[int] = Field(
         default=None,
         description="Maximum execution time for an agent to execute a task",
     )
-    agent_executor: InstanceOf[CrewAgentExecutor] = Field(
-        default=None, description="An instance of the CrewAgentExecutor class."
-    )
-    crew: Any = Field(default=None, description="Crew to which the agent belongs.")
-    tools_handler: InstanceOf[ToolsHandler] = Field(
-        default=None, description="An instance of the ToolsHandler class."
-    )
+    agent_ops_agent_name: str = None  # type: ignore # Incompatible types in assignment (expression has type "None", variable has type "str")
+    agent_ops_agent_id: str = None  # type: ignore # Incompatible types in assignment (expression has type "None", variable has type "str")
     cache_handler: InstanceOf[CacheHandler] = Field(
         default=None, description="An instance of the CacheHandler class."
     )
@@ -108,10 +73,9 @@ class Agent(BaseModel):
         default=None,
         description="Callback to be executed after each step of the agent execution.",
     )
-    i18n: I18N = Field(default=I18N(), description="Internationalization settings.")
     llm: Any = Field(
         default_factory=lambda: ChatOpenAI(
-            model=os.environ.get("OPENAI_MODEL_NAME", "gpt-4")
+            model=os.environ.get("OPENAI_MODEL_NAME", "gpt-4o")
         ),
         description="Language model that will run the agent.",
     )
@@ -130,44 +94,25 @@ class Agent(BaseModel):
     response_template: Optional[str] = Field(
         default=None, description="Response format for the agent."
     )
-
-    _original_role: str | None = None
-    _original_goal: str | None = None
-    _original_backstory: str | None = None
+    tools_results: Optional[List[Any]] = Field(
+        default=[], description="Results of the tools used by the agent."
+    )
+    allow_code_execution: Optional[bool] = Field(
+        default=False, description="Enable code execution for the agent."
+    )
+    max_retry_limit: int = Field(
+        default=2,
+        description="Maximum number of retries for an agent to execute a task when an error occurs.",
+    )
 
     def __init__(__pydantic_self__, **data):
         config = data.pop("config", {})
         super().__init__(**config, **data)
-
-    @field_validator("id", mode="before")
-    @classmethod
-    def _deny_user_set_id(cls, v: Optional[UUID4]) -> None:
-        if v:
-            raise PydanticCustomError(
-                "may_not_set_field", "This field is not to be set by the user.", {}
-            )
-
-    @model_validator(mode="after")
-    def set_attributes_based_on_config(self) -> "Agent":
-        """Set attributes based on the agent configuration."""
-        if self.config:
-            for key, value in self.config.items():
-                setattr(self, key, value)
-        return self
-
-    @model_validator(mode="after")
-    def set_private_attrs(self):
-        """Set private attributes."""
-        self._logger = Logger(self.verbose)
-        if self.max_rpm and not self._rpm_controller:
-            self._rpm_controller = RPMController(
-                max_rpm=self.max_rpm, logger=self._logger
-            )
-        return self
+        __pydantic_self__.agent_ops_agent_name = __pydantic_self__.role
 
     @model_validator(mode="after")
     def set_agent_executor(self) -> "Agent":
-        """set agent executor is set."""
+        """Ensure agent executor and token process are set."""
         if hasattr(self.llm, "model_name"):
             token_handler = TokenCalcHandler(self.llm.model_name, self._token_process)
 
@@ -181,6 +126,13 @@ class Agent(BaseModel):
             ):
                 self.llm.callbacks.append(token_handler)
 
+            if agentops and not any(
+                isinstance(handler, agentops.LangchainCallbackHandler)
+                for handler in self.llm.callbacks
+            ):
+                agentops.stop_instrumenting()
+                self.llm.callbacks.append(agentops.LangchainCallbackHandler())
+
         if not self.agent_executor:
             if not self.cache_handler:
                 self.cache_handler = CacheHandler()
@@ -223,50 +175,60 @@ class Agent(BaseModel):
             if memory.strip() != "":
                 task_prompt += self.i18n.slice("memory").format(memory=memory)
 
-        tools = tools or self.tools
-        parsed_tools = self._parse_tools(tools)  # type: ignore # Argument 1 to "_parse_tools" of "Agent" has incompatible type "list[Any] | None"; expected "list[Any]"
-
+        tools = tools or self.tools or []
+        parsed_tools = self._parse_tools(tools)
         self.create_agent_executor(tools=tools)
         self.agent_executor.tools = parsed_tools
         self.agent_executor.task = task
 
-        self.agent_executor.tools_description = render_text_description(parsed_tools)
+        self.agent_executor.tools_description = self._render_text_description_and_args(
+            parsed_tools
+        )
         self.agent_executor.tools_names = self.__tools_names(parsed_tools)
 
-        result = self.agent_executor.invoke(
-            {
-                "input": task_prompt,
-                "tool_names": self.agent_executor.tools_names,
-                "tools": self.agent_executor.tools_description,
-            }
-        )["output"]
+        if self.crew and self.crew._train:
+            task_prompt = self._training_handler(task_prompt=task_prompt)
+        else:
+            task_prompt = self._use_trained_data(task_prompt=task_prompt)
+
+        try:
+            result = self.agent_executor.invoke(
+                {
+                    "input": task_prompt,
+                    "tool_names": self.agent_executor.tools_names,
+                    "tools": self.agent_executor.tools_description,
+                }
+            )["output"]
+        except Exception as e:
+            self._times_executed += 1
+            if self._times_executed > self.max_retry_limit:
+                raise e
+            result = self.execute_task(task, context, tools)
 
         if self.max_rpm:
             self._rpm_controller.stop_rpm_counter()
 
+        # If there was any tool in self.tools_results that had result_as_answer
+        # set to True, return the results of the last tool that had
+        # result_as_answer set to True
+        for tool_result in self.tools_results:  # type: ignore # Item "None" of "list[Any] | None" has no attribute "__iter__" (not iterable)
+            if tool_result.get("result_as_answer", False):
+                result = tool_result["result"]
+
         return result
 
-    def set_cache_handler(self, cache_handler: CacheHandler) -> None:
-        """Set the cache handler for the agent.
-
-        Args:
-            cache_handler: An instance of the CacheHandler class.
-        """
-        self.tools_handler = ToolsHandler()
-        if self.cache:
-            self.cache_handler = cache_handler
-            self.tools_handler.cache = cache_handler
-        self.create_agent_executor()
-
-    def set_rpm_controller(self, rpm_controller: RPMController) -> None:
-        """Set the rpm controller for the agent.
-
-        Args:
-            rpm_controller: An instance of the RPMController class.
-        """
-        if not self._rpm_controller:
-            self._rpm_controller = rpm_controller
-            self.create_agent_executor()
+    def format_log_to_str(
+        self,
+        intermediate_steps: List[Tuple[AgentAction, str]],
+        observation_prefix: str = "Observation: ",
+        llm_prefix: str = "",
+    ) -> str:
+        """Construct the scratchpad that lets the agent continue its thought process."""
+        thoughts = ""
+        for action, observation in intermediate_steps:
+            thoughts += action.log
+            thoughts += f"\n{observation_prefix}{observation}\n{llm_prefix}"
+        return thoughts
 
     def create_agent_executor(self, tools=None) -> None:
         """Create an agent executor for the agent.
@@ -274,7 +236,7 @@ class Agent(BaseModel):
         Returns:
             An instance of the CrewAgentExecutor class.
         """
-        tools = tools or self.tools
+        tools = tools or self.tools or []
 
         agent_args = {
             "input": lambda x: x["input"],
@@ -322,53 +284,42 @@ class Agent(BaseModel):
         )
 
         stop_words = [self.i18n.slice("observation")]
+
         if self.response_template:
             stop_words.append(
                 self.response_template.split("{{ .Response }}")[1].strip()
             )
 
         bind = self.llm.bind(stop=stop_words)
+
         inner_agent = agent_args | execution_prompt | bind | CrewAgentParser(agent=self)
         self.agent_executor = CrewAgentExecutor(
             agent=RunnableAgent(runnable=inner_agent), **executor_args
         )
 
-    def interpolate_inputs(self, inputs: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
-        """Interpolate inputs into the agent description and backstory."""
-        if self._original_role is None:
-            self._original_role = self.role
-        if self._original_goal is None:
-            self._original_goal = self.goal
-        if self._original_backstory is None:
-            self._original_backstory = self.backstory
+    def get_delegation_tools(self, agents: List[BaseAgent]):
+        agent_tools = AgentTools(agents=agents)
+        tools = agent_tools.tools()
+        return tools
 
-        if inputs:
-            self.role = self._original_role.format(**inputs)
-            self.goal = self._original_goal.format(**inputs)
-            self.backstory = self._original_backstory.format(**inputs)
+    def get_code_execution_tools(self):
+        try:
+            from crewai_tools import CodeInterpreterTool
 
-    def increment_formatting_errors(self) -> None:
-        """Count the formatting errors of the agent."""
-        self.formatting_errors += 1
+            return [CodeInterpreterTool()]
+        except ModuleNotFoundError:
+            self._logger.log(
+                "info", "Coding tools not available. Install crewai_tools. "
+            )
 
-    def format_log_to_str(
-        self,
-        intermediate_steps: List[Tuple[AgentAction, str]],
-        observation_prefix: str = "Observation: ",
-        llm_prefix: str = "",
-    ) -> str:
-        """Construct the scratchpad that lets the agent continue its thought process."""
-        thoughts = ""
-        for action, observation in intermediate_steps:
-            thoughts += action.log
-            thoughts += f"\n{observation_prefix}{observation}\n{llm_prefix}"
-        return thoughts
+    def get_output_converter(self, llm, text, model, instructions):
+        return Converter(llm=llm, text=text, model=model, instructions=instructions)
 
     def _parse_tools(self, tools: List[Any]) -> List[LangChainTool]:  # type: ignore # Function "langchain_core.tools.tool" is not valid as a type
         """Parse tools to be used for the task."""
-        # tentatively try to import from crewai_tools import BaseTool as CrewAITool
         tools_list = []
         try:
+            # tentatively try to import from crewai_tools import BaseTool as CrewAITool
             from crewai_tools import BaseTool as CrewAITool
 
             for tool in tools:
@@ -377,10 +328,82 @@ class Agent(BaseModel):
                 else:
                     tools_list.append(tool)
         except ModuleNotFoundError:
+            tools_list = []
             for tool in tools:
                 tools_list.append(tool)
+
         return tools_list
 
+    def _training_handler(self, task_prompt: str) -> str:
+        """Handle training data for the agent task prompt to improve output on Training."""
+        if data := CrewTrainingHandler(TRAINING_DATA_FILE).load():
+            agent_id = str(self.id)
+
+            if data.get(agent_id):
+                human_feedbacks = [
+                    i["human_feedback"] for i in data.get(agent_id, {}).values()
+                ]
+                task_prompt += "You MUST follow these feedbacks: \n " + "\n - ".join(
+                    human_feedbacks
+                )
+
+        return task_prompt
+
+    def _use_trained_data(self, task_prompt: str) -> str:
+        """Use trained data for the agent task prompt to improve output."""
+        if data := CrewTrainingHandler(TRAINED_AGENTS_DATA_FILE).load():
+            if trained_data_output := data.get(self.role):
+                task_prompt += "You MUST follow these feedbacks: \n " + "\n - ".join(
+                    trained_data_output["suggestions"]
+                )
+        return task_prompt
+
+    def _render_text_description(self, tools: List[BaseTool]) -> str:
+        """Render the tool name and description in plain text.
+
+        Output will be in the format of:
+
+        .. code-block:: markdown
+
+            search: This tool is used for search
+            calculator: This tool is used for math
+        """
+        description = "\n".join(
+            [
+                f"Tool name: {tool.name}\nTool description:\n{tool.description}"
+                for tool in tools
+            ]
+        )
+
+        return description
+
+    def _render_text_description_and_args(self, tools: List[BaseTool]) -> str:
+        """Render the tool name, description, and args in plain text.
+
+        Output will be in the format of:
+
+        .. code-block:: markdown
+
+            search: This tool is used for search, args: {"query": {"type": "string"}}
+            calculator: This tool is used for math, \
+    args: {"expression": {"type": "string"}}
+        """
+        tool_strings = []
+        for tool in tools:
+            args_schema = str(tool.args)
+            if hasattr(tool, "func") and tool.func:
+                sig = signature(tool.func)
+                description = (
+                    f"Tool Name: {tool.name}{sig}\nTool Description: {tool.description}"
+                )
+            else:
+                description = (
+                    f"Tool Name: {tool.name}\nTool Description: {tool.description}"
+                )
+            tool_strings.append(f"{description}\nTool Arguments: {args_schema}")
+
+        return "\n".join(tool_strings)
+
     @staticmethod
     def __tools_names(tools) -> str:
         return ", ".join([t.name for t in tools])

src/crewai/agents/agent_builder/base_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+import uuid
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from copy import copy as shallow_copy
+from hashlib import md5
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, TypeVar
+
+from pydantic import (
+    UUID4,
+    BaseModel,
+    ConfigDict,
+    Field,
+    InstanceOf,
+    PrivateAttr,
+    field_validator,
+    model_validator,
+)
+from pydantic_core import PydanticCustomError
+
+from crewai.agents.agent_builder.utilities.base_token_process import TokenProcess
+from crewai.agents.cache.cache_handler import CacheHandler
+from crewai.agents.tools_handler import ToolsHandler
+from crewai.utilities import I18N, Logger, RPMController
+
+T = TypeVar("T", bound="BaseAgent")
+
+
+class BaseAgent(ABC, BaseModel):
+    """Abstract Base Class for all third party agents compatible with CrewAI.
+
+    Attributes:
+        id (UUID4): Unique identifier for the agent.
+        role (str): Role of the agent.
+        goal (str): Objective of the agent.
+        backstory (str): Backstory of the agent.
+        cache (bool): Whether the agent should use a cache for tool usage.
+        config (Optional[Dict[str, Any]]): Configuration for the agent.
+        verbose (bool): Verbose mode for the Agent Execution.
+        max_rpm (Optional[int]): Maximum number of requests per minute for the agent execution.
+        allow_delegation (bool): Allow delegation of tasks to agents.
+        tools (Optional[List[Any]]): Tools at the agent's disposal.
+        max_iter (Optional[int]): Maximum iterations for an agent to execute a task.
+        agent_executor (InstanceOf): An instance of the CrewAgentExecutor class.
+        llm (Any): Language model that will run the agent.
+        crew (Any): Crew to which the agent belongs.
+        i18n (I18N): Internationalization settings.
+        cache_handler (InstanceOf[CacheHandler]): An instance of the CacheHandler class.
+        tools_handler (InstanceOf[ToolsHandler]): An instance of the ToolsHandler class.
+
+
+    Methods:
+        execute_task(task: Any, context: Optional[str] = None, tools: Optional[List[Any]] = None) -> str:
+            Abstract method to execute a task.
+        create_agent_executor(tools=None) -> None:
+            Abstract method to create an agent executor.
+        _parse_tools(tools: List[Any]) -> List[Any]:
+            Abstract method to parse tools.
+        get_delegation_tools(agents: List["BaseAgent"]):
+            Abstract method to set the agents task tools for handling delegation and question asking to other agents in crew.
+        get_output_converter(llm, model, instructions):
+            Abstract method to get the converter class for the agent to create json/pydantic outputs.
+        interpolate_inputs(inputs: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+            Interpolate inputs into the agent description and backstory.
+        set_cache_handler(cache_handler: CacheHandler) -> None:
+            Set the cache handler for the agent.
+        increment_formatting_errors() -> None:
+            Increment formatting errors.
+        copy() -> "BaseAgent":
+            Create a copy of the agent.
+        set_rpm_controller(rpm_controller: RPMController) -> None:
+            Set the rpm controller for the agent.
+        set_private_attrs() -> "BaseAgent":
+            Set private attributes.
+    """
+
+    __hash__ = object.__hash__  # type: ignore
+    _logger: Logger = PrivateAttr()
+    _rpm_controller: RPMController = PrivateAttr(default=None)
+    _request_within_rpm_limit: Any = PrivateAttr(default=None)
+    formatting_errors: int = 0
+    model_config = ConfigDict(arbitrary_types_allowed=True)
+    id: UUID4 = Field(default_factory=uuid.uuid4, frozen=True)
+    role: str = Field(description="Role of the agent")
+    goal: str = Field(description="Objective of the agent")
+    backstory: str = Field(description="Backstory of the agent")
+    cache: bool = Field(
+        default=True, description="Whether the agent should use a cache for tool usage."
+    )
+    config: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = Field(
+        description="Configuration for the agent", default=None
+    )
+    verbose: bool = Field(
+        default=False, description="Verbose mode for the Agent Execution"
+    )
+    max_rpm: Optional[int] = Field(
+        default=None,
+        description="Maximum number of requests per minute for the agent execution to be respected.",
+    )
+    allow_delegation: bool = Field(
+        default=True, description="Allow delegation of tasks to agents"
+    )
+    tools: Optional[List[Any]] = Field(
+        default_factory=list, description="Tools at agents' disposal"
+    )
+    max_iter: Optional[int] = Field(
+        default=25, description="Maximum iterations for an agent to execute a task"
+    )
+    agent_executor: InstanceOf = Field(
+        default=None, description="An instance of the CrewAgentExecutor class."
+    )
+    llm: Any = Field(
+        default=None, description="Language model that will run the agent."
+    )
+    crew: Any = Field(default=None, description="Crew to which the agent belongs.")
+    i18n: I18N = Field(default=I18N(), description="Internationalization settings.")
+    cache_handler: InstanceOf[CacheHandler] = Field(
+        default=None, description="An instance of the CacheHandler class."
+    )
+    tools_handler: InstanceOf[ToolsHandler] = Field(
+        default=None, description="An instance of the ToolsHandler class."
+    )
+
+    _original_role: str | None = None
+    _original_goal: str | None = None
+    _original_backstory: str | None = None
+    _token_process: TokenProcess = TokenProcess()
+
+    def __init__(__pydantic_self__, **data):
+        config = data.pop("config", {})
+        super().__init__(**config, **data)
+
+    @model_validator(mode="after")
+    def set_config_attributes(self):
+        if self.config:
+            for key, value in self.config.items():
+                setattr(self, key, value)
+        return self
+
+    @field_validator("id", mode="before")
+    @classmethod
+    def _deny_user_set_id(cls, v: Optional[UUID4]) -> None:
+        if v:
+            raise PydanticCustomError(
+                "may_not_set_field", "This field is not to be set by the user.", {}
+            )
+
+    @model_validator(mode="after")
+    def set_attributes_based_on_config(self) -> "BaseAgent":
+        """Set attributes based on the agent configuration."""
+        if self.config:
+            for key, value in self.config.items():
+                setattr(self, key, value)
+        return self
+
+    @model_validator(mode="after")
+    def set_private_attrs(self):
+        """Set private attributes."""
+        self._logger = Logger(self.verbose)
+        if self.max_rpm and not self._rpm_controller:
+            self._rpm_controller = RPMController(
+                max_rpm=self.max_rpm, logger=self._logger
+            )
+        if not self._token_process:
+            self._token_process = TokenProcess()
+        return self
+
+    @property
+    def key(self):
+        source = [self.role, self.goal, self.backstory]
+        return md5("|".join(source).encode()).hexdigest()
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def execute_task(
+        self,
+        task: Any,
+        context: Optional[str] = None,
+        tools: Optional[List[Any]] = None,
+    ) -> str:
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def create_agent_executor(self, tools=None) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def _parse_tools(self, tools: List[Any]) -> List[Any]:
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_delegation_tools(self, agents: List["BaseAgent"]) -> List[Any]:
+        """Set the task tools that init BaseAgenTools class."""
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_output_converter(
+        self, llm: Any, text: str, model: type[BaseModel] | None, instructions: str
+    ):
+        """Get the converter class for the agent to create json/pydantic outputs."""
+        pass
+
+    def copy(self: T) -> T:  # type: ignore # Signature of "copy" incompatible with supertype "BaseModel"
+        """Create a deep copy of the Agent."""
+        exclude = {
+            "id",
+            "_logger",
+            "_rpm_controller",
+            "_request_within_rpm_limit",
+            "_token_process",
+            "agent_executor",
+            "tools",
+            "tools_handler",
+            "cache_handler",
+            "llm",
+        }
+
+        # Copy llm and clear callbacks
+        existing_llm = shallow_copy(self.llm)
+        existing_llm.callbacks = []
+        copied_data = self.model_dump(exclude=exclude)
+        copied_data = {k: v for k, v in copied_data.items() if v is not None}
+
+        copied_agent = type(self)(**copied_data, llm=existing_llm, tools=self.tools)
+
+        return copied_agent
+
+    def interpolate_inputs(self, inputs: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+        """Interpolate inputs into the agent description and backstory."""
+        if self._original_role is None:
+            self._original_role = self.role
+        if self._original_goal is None:
+            self._original_goal = self.goal
+        if self._original_backstory is None:
+            self._original_backstory = self.backstory
+
+        if inputs:
+            self.role = self._original_role.format(**inputs)
+            self.goal = self._original_goal.format(**inputs)
+            self.backstory = self._original_backstory.format(**inputs)
+
+    def set_cache_handler(self, cache_handler: CacheHandler) -> None:
+        """Set the cache handler for the agent.
+
+        Args:
+            cache_handler: An instance of the CacheHandler class.
+        """
+        self.tools_handler = ToolsHandler()
+        if self.cache:
+            self.cache_handler = cache_handler
+            self.tools_handler.cache = cache_handler
+        self.create_agent_executor()
+
+    def increment_formatting_errors(self) -> None:
+        self.formatting_errors += 1
+
+    def set_rpm_controller(self, rpm_controller: RPMController) -> None:
+        """Set the rpm controller for the agent.
+
+        Args:
+            rpm_controller: An instance of the RPMController class.
+        """
+        if not self._rpm_controller:
+            self._rpm_controller = rpm_controller
+            self.create_agent_executor()

src/crewai/agents/agent_builder/base_agent_executor_mixin.py

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+import time
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Optional
+
+from crewai.memory.entity.entity_memory_item import EntityMemoryItem
+from crewai.memory.long_term.long_term_memory_item import LongTermMemoryItem
+from crewai.memory.short_term.short_term_memory_item import ShortTermMemoryItem
+from crewai.utilities.converter import ConverterError
+from crewai.utilities.evaluators.task_evaluator import TaskEvaluator
+from crewai.utilities import I18N
+
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from crewai.crew import Crew
+    from crewai.task import Task
+    from crewai.agents.agent_builder.base_agent import BaseAgent
+
+
+class CrewAgentExecutorMixin:
+    crew: Optional["Crew"]
+    crew_agent: Optional["BaseAgent"]
+    task: Optional["Task"]
+    iterations: int
+    force_answer_max_iterations: int
+    have_forced_answer: bool
+    _i18n: I18N
+
+    def _should_force_answer(self) -> bool:
+        """Determine if a forced answer is required based on iteration count."""
+        return (
+            self.iterations == self.force_answer_max_iterations
+        ) and not self.have_forced_answer
+
+    def _create_short_term_memory(self, output) -> None:
+        """Create and save a short-term memory item if conditions are met."""
+        if (
+            self.crew
+            and self.crew_agent
+            and self.task
+            and "Action: Delegate work to coworker" not in output.log
+        ):
+            try:
+                memory = ShortTermMemoryItem(
+                    data=output.log,
+                    agent=self.crew_agent.role,
+                    metadata={
+                        "observation": self.task.description,
+                    },
+                )
+                if (
+                    hasattr(self.crew, "_short_term_memory")
+                    and self.crew._short_term_memory
+                ):
+                    self.crew._short_term_memory.save(memory)
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"Failed to add to short term memory: {e}")
+                pass
+
+    def _create_long_term_memory(self, output) -> None:
+        """Create and save long-term and entity memory items based on evaluation."""
+        if (
+            self.crew
+            and self.crew.memory
+            and self.crew._long_term_memory
+            and self.crew._entity_memory
+            and self.task
+            and self.crew_agent
+        ):
+            try:
+                ltm_agent = TaskEvaluator(self.crew_agent)
+                evaluation = ltm_agent.evaluate(self.task, output.log)
+
+                if isinstance(evaluation, ConverterError):
+                    return
+
+                long_term_memory = LongTermMemoryItem(
+                    task=self.task.description,
+                    agent=self.crew_agent.role,
+                    quality=evaluation.quality,
+                    datetime=str(time.time()),
+                    expected_output=self.task.expected_output,
+                    metadata={
+                        "suggestions": evaluation.suggestions,
+                        "quality": evaluation.quality,
+                    },
+                )
+                self.crew._long_term_memory.save(long_term_memory)
+
+                for entity in evaluation.entities:
+                    entity_memory = EntityMemoryItem(
+                        name=entity.name,
+                        type=entity.type,
+                        description=entity.description,
+                        relationships="\n".join(
+                            [f"- {r}" for r in entity.relationships]
+                        ),
+                    )
+                    self.crew._entity_memory.save(entity_memory)
+            except AttributeError as e:
+                print(f"Missing attributes for long term memory: {e}")
+                pass
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"Failed to add to long term memory: {e}")
+                pass
+
+    def _ask_human_input(self, final_answer: dict) -> str:
+        """Prompt human input for final decision making."""
+        return input(
+            self._i18n.slice("getting_input").format(final_answer=final_answer)
+        )

src/crewai/agents/agent_builder/utilities/base_agent_tool.py

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from typing import List, Optional, Union
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
+
+from crewai.agents.agent_builder.base_agent import BaseAgent
+from crewai.task import Task
+from crewai.utilities import I18N
+
+
+class BaseAgentTools(BaseModel, ABC):
+    """Default tools around agent delegation"""
+
+    agents: List[BaseAgent] = Field(description="List of agents in this crew.")
+    i18n: I18N = Field(default=I18N(), description="Internationalization settings.")
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def tools(self):
+        pass
+
+    def _get_coworker(self, coworker: Optional[str], **kwargs) -> Optional[str]:
+        coworker = coworker or kwargs.get("co_worker") or kwargs.get("coworker")
+        if coworker:
+            is_list = coworker.startswith("[") and coworker.endswith("]")
+            if is_list:
+                coworker = coworker[1:-1].split(",")[0]
+
+        return coworker
+
+    def delegate_work(
+        self, task: str, context: str, coworker: Optional[str] = None, **kwargs
+    ):
+        """Useful to delegate a specific task to a coworker passing all necessary context and names."""
+        coworker = self._get_coworker(coworker, **kwargs)
+        return self._execute(coworker, task, context)
+
+    def ask_question(
+        self, question: str, context: str, coworker: Optional[str] = None, **kwargs
+    ):
+        """Useful to ask a question, opinion or take from a coworker passing all necessary context and names."""
+        coworker = self._get_coworker(coworker, **kwargs)
+        return self._execute(coworker, question, context)
+
+    def _execute(
+        self, agent_name: Union[str, None], task: str, context: Union[str, None]
+    ):
+        """Execute the command."""
+        try:
+            if agent_name is None:
+                agent_name = ""
+
+            # It is important to remove the quotes from the agent name.
+            # The reason we have to do this is because less-powerful LLM's
+            # have difficulty producing valid JSON.
+            # As a result, we end up with invalid JSON that is truncated like this:
+            # {"task": "....", "coworker": "....
+            # when it should look like this:
+            # {"task": "....", "coworker": "...."}
+            agent_name = agent_name.casefold().replace('"', "").replace("\n", "")
+
+            agent = [  # type: ignore # Incompatible types in assignment (expression has type "list[BaseAgent]", variable has type "str | None")
+                available_agent
+                for available_agent in self.agents
+                if available_agent.role.casefold().replace("\n", "") == agent_name
+            ]
+        except Exception as _:
+            return self.i18n.errors("agent_tool_unexsiting_coworker").format(
+                coworkers="\n".join(
+                    [f"- {agent.role.casefold()}" for agent in self.agents]
+                )
+            )
+
+        if not agent:
+            return self.i18n.errors("agent_tool_unexsiting_coworker").format(
+                coworkers="\n".join(
+                    [f"- {agent.role.casefold()}" for agent in self.agents]
+                )
+            )
+
+        agent = agent[0]
+        task_with_assigned_agent = Task(  # type: ignore # Incompatible types in assignment (expression has type "Task", variable has type "str")
+            description=task,
+            agent=agent,
+            expected_output="Your best answer to your coworker asking you this, accounting for the context shared.",
+        )
+        return agent.execute_task(task_with_assigned_agent, context)

src/crewai/agents/agent_builder/utilities/base_output_converter.py

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from typing import Any, Optional
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
+
+
+class OutputConverter(BaseModel, ABC):
+    """
+    Abstract base class for converting task results into structured formats.
+
+    This class provides a framework for converting unstructured text into
+    either Pydantic models or JSON, tailored for specific agent requirements.
+    It uses a language model to interpret and structure the input text based
+    on given instructions.
+
+    Attributes:
+        text (str): The input text to be converted.
+        llm (Any): The language model used for conversion.
+        model (Any): The target model for structuring the output.
+        instructions (str): Specific instructions for the conversion process.
+        max_attempts (int): Maximum number of conversion attempts (default: 3).
+    """
+
+    text: str = Field(description="Text to be converted.")
+    llm: Any = Field(description="The language model to be used to convert the text.")
+    model: Any = Field(description="The model to be used to convert the text.")
+    instructions: str = Field(description="Conversion instructions to the LLM.")
+    max_attempts: Optional[int] = Field(
+        description="Max number of attempts to try to get the output formatted.",
+        default=3,
+    )
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def to_pydantic(self, current_attempt=1):
+        """Convert text to pydantic."""
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def to_json(self, current_attempt=1):
+        """Convert text to json."""
+        pass
+
+    @property
+    @abstractmethod
+    def is_gpt(self) -> bool:
+        """Return if llm provided is of gpt from openai."""
+        pass

src/crewai/agents/agent_builder/utilities/base_token_process.py

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+from typing import Any, Dict
+
+
+class TokenProcess:
+    total_tokens: int = 0
+    prompt_tokens: int = 0
+    completion_tokens: int = 0
+    successful_requests: int = 0
+
+    def sum_prompt_tokens(self, tokens: int):
+        self.prompt_tokens = self.prompt_tokens + tokens
+        self.total_tokens = self.total_tokens + tokens
+
+    def sum_completion_tokens(self, tokens: int):
+        self.completion_tokens = self.completion_tokens + tokens
+        self.total_tokens = self.total_tokens + tokens
+
+    def sum_successful_requests(self, requests: int):
+        self.successful_requests = self.successful_requests + requests
+
+    def get_summary(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        return {
+            "total_tokens": self.total_tokens,
+            "prompt_tokens": self.prompt_tokens,
+            "completion_tokens": self.completion_tokens,
+            "successful_requests": self.successful_requests,
+        }

src/crewai/agents/executor.py

@@ -7,22 +7,19 @@ from langchain.agents.agent import ExceptionTool
 from langchain.callbacks.manager import CallbackManagerForChainRun
 from langchain_core.agents import AgentAction, AgentFinish, AgentStep
 from langchain_core.exceptions import OutputParserException
-from langchain_core.pydantic_v1 import root_validator
 from langchain_core.tools import BaseTool
 from langchain_core.utils.input import get_color_mapping
 from pydantic import InstanceOf
 
+from crewai.agents.agent_builder.base_agent_executor_mixin import CrewAgentExecutorMixin
 from crewai.agents.tools_handler import ToolsHandler
-from crewai.memory.entity.entity_memory_item import EntityMemoryItem
-from crewai.memory.long_term.long_term_memory_item import LongTermMemoryItem
-from crewai.memory.short_term.short_term_memory_item import ShortTermMemoryItem
 from crewai.tools.tool_usage import ToolUsage, ToolUsageErrorException
 from crewai.utilities import I18N
-from crewai.utilities.converter import ConverterError
-from crewai.utilities.evaluators.task_evaluator import TaskEvaluator
+from crewai.utilities.constants import TRAINING_DATA_FILE
+from crewai.utilities.training_handler import CrewTrainingHandler
 
 
-class CrewAgentExecutor(AgentExecutor):
+class CrewAgentExecutor(AgentExecutor, CrewAgentExecutorMixin):
     _i18n: I18N = I18N()
     should_ask_for_human_input: bool = False
     llm: Any = None
@@ -38,67 +35,12 @@ class CrewAgentExecutor(AgentExecutor):
     tools_handler: Optional[InstanceOf[ToolsHandler]] = None
     max_iterations: Optional[int] = 15
     have_forced_answer: bool = False
-    force_answer_max_iterations: Optional[int] = None
+    force_answer_max_iterations: Optional[int] = None  # type: ignore # Incompatible types in assignment (expression has type "int | None", base class "CrewAgentExecutorMixin" defined the type as "int")
     step_callback: Optional[Any] = None
     system_template: Optional[str] = None
     prompt_template: Optional[str] = None
     response_template: Optional[str] = None
 
-    @root_validator()
-    def set_force_answer_max_iterations(cls, values: Dict) -> Dict:
-        values["force_answer_max_iterations"] = values["max_iterations"] - 2
-        return values
-
-    def _should_force_answer(self) -> bool:
-        return (
-            self.iterations == self.force_answer_max_iterations
-        ) and not self.have_forced_answer
-
-    def _create_short_term_memory(self, output) -> None:
-        if (
-            self.crew
-            and self.crew.memory
-            and "Action: Delegate work to co-worker" not in output.log
-        ):
-            memory = ShortTermMemoryItem(
-                data=output.log,
-                agent=self.crew_agent.role,
-                metadata={
-                    "observation": self.task.description,
-                },
-            )
-            self.crew._short_term_memory.save(memory)
-
-    def _create_long_term_memory(self, output) -> None:
-        if self.crew and self.crew.memory:
-            ltm_agent = TaskEvaluator(self.crew_agent)
-            evaluation = ltm_agent.evaluate(self.task, output.log)
-
-            if isinstance(evaluation, ConverterError):
-                return
-
-            long_term_memory = LongTermMemoryItem(
-                task=self.task.description,
-                agent=self.crew_agent.role,
-                quality=evaluation.quality,
-                datetime=str(time.time()),
-                expected_output=self.task.expected_output,
-                metadata={
-                    "suggestions": evaluation.suggestions,
-                    "quality": evaluation.quality,
-                },
-            )
-            self.crew._long_term_memory.save(long_term_memory)
-
-            for entity in evaluation.entities:
-                entity_memory = EntityMemoryItem(
-                    name=entity.name,
-                    type=entity.type,
-                    description=entity.description,
-                    relationships="\n".join([f"- {r}" for r in entity.relationships]),
-                )
-                self.crew._entity_memory.save(entity_memory)
-
     def _call(
         self,
         inputs: Dict[str, str],
@@ -246,12 +188,17 @@ class CrewAgentExecutor(AgentExecutor):
         # If the tool chosen is the finishing tool, then we end and return.
         if isinstance(output, AgentFinish):
             if self.should_ask_for_human_input:
+                human_feedback = self._ask_human_input(output.return_values["output"])
+
+                if self.crew and self.crew._train:
+                    self._handle_crew_training_output(output, human_feedback)
+
                 # Making sure we only ask for it once, so disabling for the next thought loop
                 self.should_ask_for_human_input = False
-                human_feedback = self._ask_human_input(output.return_values["output"])
                 action = AgentAction(
                     tool="Human Input", tool_input=human_feedback, log=output.log
                 )
+
                 yield AgentStep(
                     action=action,
                     observation=self._i18n.slice("human_feedback").format(
@@ -261,6 +208,9 @@ class CrewAgentExecutor(AgentExecutor):
                 return
 
             else:
+                if self.crew and self.crew._train:
+                    self._handle_crew_training_output(output)
+
                 yield output
                 return
 
@@ -282,6 +232,7 @@ class CrewAgentExecutor(AgentExecutor):
                 tools_names=self.tools_names,
                 function_calling_llm=self.function_calling_llm,
                 task=self.task,
+                agent=self.crew_agent,
                 action=agent_action,
             )
             tool_calling = tool_usage.parse(agent_action.log)
@@ -291,6 +242,8 @@ class CrewAgentExecutor(AgentExecutor):
             else:
                 if tool_calling.tool_name.casefold().strip() in [
                     name.casefold().strip() for name in name_to_tool_map
+                ] or tool_calling.tool_name.casefold().replace("_", " ") in [
+                    name.casefold().strip() for name in name_to_tool_map
                 ]:
                     observation = tool_usage.use(tool_calling, agent_action.log)
                 else:
@@ -300,8 +253,30 @@ class CrewAgentExecutor(AgentExecutor):
                     )
             yield AgentStep(action=agent_action, observation=observation)
 
-    def _ask_human_input(self, final_answer: dict) -> str:
-        """Get human input."""
-        return input(
-            self._i18n.slice("getting_input").format(final_answer=final_answer)
-        )
+    def _handle_crew_training_output(
+        self, output: AgentFinish, human_feedback: str | None = None
+    ) -> None:
+        """Function to handle the process of the training data."""
+        agent_id = str(self.crew_agent.id)
+
+        if (
+            CrewTrainingHandler(TRAINING_DATA_FILE).load()
+            and not self.should_ask_for_human_input
+        ):
+            training_data = CrewTrainingHandler(TRAINING_DATA_FILE).load()
+            if training_data.get(agent_id):
+                training_data[agent_id][self.crew._train_iteration][
+                    "improved_output"
+                ] = output.return_values["output"]
+                CrewTrainingHandler(TRAINING_DATA_FILE).save(training_data)
+
+        if self.should_ask_for_human_input and human_feedback is not None:
+            training_data = {
+                "initial_output": output.return_values["output"],
+                "human_feedback": human_feedback,
+                "agent": agent_id,
+                "agent_role": self.crew_agent.role,
+            }
+            CrewTrainingHandler(TRAINING_DATA_FILE).append(
+                self.crew._train_iteration, agent_id, training_data
+            )

src/crewai/agents/parser.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import re
 from typing import Any, Union
 
+from json_repair import repair_json
 from langchain.agents.output_parsers import ReActSingleInputOutputParser
 from langchain_core.agents import AgentAction, AgentFinish
 from langchain_core.exceptions import OutputParserException
@@ -48,11 +49,15 @@ class CrewAgentParser(ReActSingleInputOutputParser):
                 raise OutputParserException(
                     f"{FINAL_ANSWER_AND_PARSABLE_ACTION_ERROR_MESSAGE}: {text}"
                 )
-            action = action_match.group(1).strip()
-            action_input = action_match.group(2)
-            tool_input = action_input.strip(" ")
-            tool_input = tool_input.strip('"')
-            return AgentAction(action, tool_input, text)
+            action = action_match.group(1)
+            clean_action = self._clean_action(action)
+
+            action_input = action_match.group(2).strip()
+
+            tool_input = action_input.strip(" ").strip('"')
+            safe_tool_input = self._safe_repair_json(tool_input)
+
+            return AgentAction(clean_action, safe_tool_input, text)
 
         elif includes_answer:
             return AgentFinish(
@@ -87,3 +92,30 @@ class CrewAgentParser(ReActSingleInputOutputParser):
                 llm_output=text,
                 send_to_llm=True,
             )
+
+    def _clean_action(self, text: str) -> str:
+        """Clean action string by removing non-essential formatting characters."""
+        return re.sub(r"^\s*\*+\s*|\s*\*+\s*$", "", text).strip()
+
+    def _safe_repair_json(self, tool_input: str) -> str:
+        UNABLE_TO_REPAIR_JSON_RESULTS = ['""', "{}"]
+
+        # Skip repair if the input starts and ends with square brackets
+        # Explanation: The JSON parser has issues handling inputs that are enclosed in square brackets ('[]').
+        # These are typically valid JSON arrays or strings that do not require repair. Attempting to repair such inputs
+        # might lead to unintended alterations, such as wrapping the entire input in additional layers or modifying
+        # the structure in a way that changes its meaning. By skipping the repair for inputs that start and end with
+        # square brackets, we preserve the integrity of these valid JSON structures and avoid unnecessary modifications.
+        if tool_input.startswith("[") and tool_input.endswith("]"):
+            return tool_input
+
+        # Before repair, handle common LLM issues:
+        # 1. Replace """ with " to avoid JSON parser errors
+
+        tool_input = tool_input.replace('"""', '"')
+
+        result = repair_json(tool_input)
+        if result in UNABLE_TO_REPAIR_JSON_RESULTS:
+            return tool_input
+
+        return str(result)

src/crewai/cli/cli.py

@@ -1,6 +1,15 @@
 import click
+import pkg_resources
+
+from crewai.memory.storage.kickoff_task_outputs_storage import (
+    KickoffTaskOutputsSQLiteStorage,
+)
+
 
 from .create_crew import create_crew
+from .train_crew import train_crew
+from .replay_from_task import replay_task_command
+from .reset_memories_command import reset_memories_command
 
 
 @click.group()
@@ -15,5 +24,107 @@ def create(project_name):
     create_crew(project_name)
 
 
+@crewai.command()
+@click.option(
+    "--tools", is_flag=True, help="Show the installed version of crewai tools"
+)
+def version(tools):
+    """Show the installed version of crewai."""
+    crewai_version = pkg_resources.get_distribution("crewai").version
+    click.echo(f"crewai version: {crewai_version}")
+
+    if tools:
+        try:
+            tools_version = pkg_resources.get_distribution("crewai-tools").version
+            click.echo(f"crewai tools version: {tools_version}")
+        except pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound:
+            click.echo("crewai tools not installed")
+
+
+@crewai.command()
+@click.option(
+    "-n",
+    "--n_iterations",
+    type=int,
+    default=5,
+    help="Number of iterations to train the crew",
+)
+def train(n_iterations: int):
+    """Train the crew."""
+    click.echo(f"Training the crew for {n_iterations} iterations")
+    train_crew(n_iterations)
+
+
+@crewai.command()
+@click.option(
+    "-t",
+    "--task_id",
+    type=str,
+    help="Replay the crew from this task ID, including all subsequent tasks.",
+)
+def replay(task_id: str) -> None:
+    """
+    Replay the crew execution from a specific task.
+
+    Args:
+        task_id (str): The ID of the task to replay from.
+    """
+    try:
+        click.echo(f"Replaying the crew from task {task_id}")
+        replay_task_command(task_id)
+    except Exception as e:
+        click.echo(f"An error occurred while replaying: {e}", err=True)
+
+
+@crewai.command()
+def log_tasks_outputs() -> None:
+    """
+    Retrieve your latest crew.kickoff() task outputs.
+    """
+    try:
+        storage = KickoffTaskOutputsSQLiteStorage()
+        tasks = storage.load()
+
+        if not tasks:
+            click.echo(
+                "No task outputs found. Only crew kickoff task outputs are logged."
+            )
+            return
+
+        for index, task in enumerate(tasks, 1):
+            click.echo(f"Task {index}: {task['task_id']}")
+            click.echo(f"Description: {task['expected_output']}")
+            click.echo("------")
+
+    except Exception as e:
+        click.echo(f"An error occurred while logging task outputs: {e}", err=True)
+
+
+@crewai.command()
+@click.option("-l", "--long", is_flag=True, help="Reset LONG TERM memory")
+@click.option("-s", "--short", is_flag=True, help="Reset SHORT TERM memory")
+@click.option("-e", "--entities", is_flag=True, help="Reset ENTITIES memory")
+@click.option(
+    "-k",
+    "--kickoff-outputs",
+    is_flag=True,
+    help="Reset LATEST KICKOFF TASK OUTPUTS",
+)
+@click.option("-a", "--all", is_flag=True, help="Reset ALL memories")
+def reset_memories(long, short, entities, kickoff_outputs, all):
+    """
+    Reset the crew memories (long, short, entity, latest_crew_kickoff_ouputs). This will delete all the data saved.
+    """
+    try:
+        if not all and not (long or short or entities or kickoff_outputs):
+            click.echo(
+                "Please specify at least one memory type to reset using the appropriate flags."
+            )
+            return
+        reset_memories_command(long, short, entities, kickoff_outputs, all)
+    except Exception as e:
+        click.echo(f"An error occurred while resetting memories: {e}", err=True)
+
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     crewai()

src/crewai/cli/replay_from_task.py

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+import subprocess
+import click
+
+
+def replay_task_command(task_id: str) -> None:
+    """
+    Replay the crew execution from a specific task.
+
+    Args:
+      task_id (str): The ID of the task to replay from.
+    """
+    command = ["poetry", "run", "replay", task_id]
+
+    try:
+        result = subprocess.run(command, capture_output=False, text=True, check=True)
+        if result.stderr:
+            click.echo(result.stderr, err=True)
+
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
+        click.echo(f"An error occurred while replaying the task: {e}", err=True)
+        click.echo(e.output, err=True)
+
+    except Exception as e:
+        click.echo(f"An unexpected error occurred: {e}", err=True)

src/crewai/cli/reset_memories_command.py

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+import subprocess
+import click
+
+from crewai.memory.entity.entity_memory import EntityMemory
+from crewai.memory.long_term.long_term_memory import LongTermMemory
+from crewai.memory.short_term.short_term_memory import ShortTermMemory
+from crewai.utilities.task_output_storage_handler import TaskOutputStorageHandler
+
+
+def reset_memories_command(long, short, entity, kickoff_outputs, all) -> None:
+    """
+    Replay the crew execution from a specific task.
+
+    Args:
+      task_id (str): The ID of the task to replay from.
+    """
+
+    try:
+        if all:
+            ShortTermMemory().reset()
+            EntityMemory().reset()
+            LongTermMemory().reset()
+            TaskOutputStorageHandler().reset()
+            click.echo("All memories have been reset.")
+        else:
+            if long:
+                LongTermMemory().reset()
+                click.echo("Long term memory has been reset.")
+
+            if short:
+                ShortTermMemory().reset()
+                click.echo("Short term memory has been reset.")
+            if entity:
+                EntityMemory().reset()
+                click.echo("Entity memory has been reset.")
+            if kickoff_outputs:
+                TaskOutputStorageHandler().reset()
+                click.echo("Latest Kickoff outputs stored has been reset.")
+
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
+        click.echo(f"An error occurred while resetting the memories: {e}", err=True)
+        click.echo(e.output, err=True)
+
+    except Exception as e:
+        click.echo(f"An unexpected error occurred: {e}", err=True)

src/crewai/cli/templates/config/tasks.yaml

@@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ reporting_task:
     Make sure the report is detailed and contains any and all relevant information.
   expected_output: >
     A fully fledge reports with the mains topics, each with a full section of information.
-    Formated as markdown with out '```'
+    Formatted as markdown without '```'

src/crewai/cli/templates/main.py

@@ -1,10 +1,41 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+import sys
 from {{folder_name}}.crew import {{crew_name}}Crew
 
+# This main file is intended to be a way for your to run your
+# crew locally, so refrain from adding necessary logic into this file.
+# Replace with inputs you want to test with, it will automatically
+# interpolate any tasks and agents information
 
 def run():
-    # Replace with your inputs, it will automatically interpolate any tasks and agents information
+    """
+    Run the crew.
+    """
     inputs = {
         'topic': 'AI LLMs'
     }
-    {{crew_name}}Crew().crew().kickoff(inputs=inputs)
+    {{crew_name}}Crew().crew().kickoff(inputs=inputs)
+
+
+def train():
+    """
+    Train the crew for a given number of iterations.
+    """
+    inputs = {
+        "topic": "AI LLMs"
+    }
+    try:
+        {{crew_name}}Crew().crew().train(n_iterations=int(sys.argv[1]), inputs=inputs)
+
+    except Exception as e:
+        raise Exception(f"An error occurred while training the crew: {e}")
+
+def replay():
+    """
+    Replay the crew execution from a specific task.
+    """
+    try:
+        {{crew_name}}Crew().crew().replay(task_id=sys.argv[1])
+
+    except Exception as e:
+        raise Exception(f"An error occurred while replaying the crew: {e}")

src/crewai/cli/templates/pyproject.toml

@@ -6,11 +6,13 @@ authors = ["Your Name <you@example.com>"]
 
 [tool.poetry.dependencies]
 python = ">=3.10,<=3.13"
-crewai = {extras = ["tools"], version = "^0.30.9"}
+crewai = { extras = ["tools"], version = "^0.41.0" }
 
 [tool.poetry.scripts]
 {{folder_name}} = "{{folder_name}}.main:run"
+train = "{{folder_name}}.main:train"
+replay = "{{folder_name}}.main:replay"
 
 [build-system]
 requires = ["poetry-core"]
-build-backend = "poetry.core.masonry.api"
+build-backend = "poetry.core.masonry.api"

src/crewai/cli/train_crew.py

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+import subprocess
+
+import click
+
+
+def train_crew(n_iterations: int) -> None:
+    """
+    Train the crew by running a command in the Poetry environment.
+
+    Args:
+        n_iterations (int): The number of iterations to train the crew.
+    """
+    command = ["poetry", "run", "train", str(n_iterations)]
+
+    try:
+        if n_iterations <= 0:
+            raise ValueError("The number of iterations must be a positive integer.")
+
+        result = subprocess.run(command, capture_output=False, text=True, check=True)
+
+        if result.stderr:
+            click.echo(result.stderr, err=True)
+
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
+        click.echo(f"An error occurred while training the crew: {e}", err=True)
+        click.echo(e.output, err=True)
+
+    except Exception as e:
+        click.echo(f"An unexpected error occurred: {e}", err=True)

src/crewai/crew.py

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
+import asyncio
 import json
 import uuid
-from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Union
+from concurrent.futures import Future
+from hashlib import md5
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
 
 from langchain_core.callbacks import BaseCallbackHandler
 from pydantic import (
@@ -17,15 +20,36 @@ from pydantic import (
 from pydantic_core import PydanticCustomError
 
 from crewai.agent import Agent
+from crewai.agents.agent_builder.base_agent import BaseAgent
 from crewai.agents.cache import CacheHandler
+from crewai.crews.crew_output import CrewOutput
 from crewai.memory.entity.entity_memory import EntityMemory
 from crewai.memory.long_term.long_term_memory import LongTermMemory
 from crewai.memory.short_term.short_term_memory import ShortTermMemory
 from crewai.process import Process
 from crewai.task import Task
+from crewai.tasks.conditional_task import ConditionalTask
+from crewai.tasks.task_output import TaskOutput
 from crewai.telemetry import Telemetry
 from crewai.tools.agent_tools import AgentTools
 from crewai.utilities import I18N, FileHandler, Logger, RPMController
+from crewai.utilities.constants import (
+    TRAINED_AGENTS_DATA_FILE,
+    TRAINING_DATA_FILE,
+)
+from crewai.utilities.evaluators.task_evaluator import TaskEvaluator
+from crewai.utilities.formatter import (
+    aggregate_raw_outputs_from_task_outputs,
+    aggregate_raw_outputs_from_tasks,
+)
+from crewai.utilities.planning_handler import CrewPlanner
+from crewai.utilities.task_output_storage_handler import TaskOutputStorageHandler
+from crewai.utilities.training_handler import CrewTrainingHandler
+
+try:
+    import agentops
+except ImportError:
+    agentops = None
 
 
 class Crew(BaseModel):
@@ -47,10 +71,10 @@ class Crew(BaseModel):
         max_rpm: Maximum number of requests per minute for the crew execution to be respected.
         prompt_file: Path to the prompt json file to be used for the crew.
         id: A unique identifier for the crew instance.
-        full_output: Whether the crew should return the full output with all tasks outputs or just the final output.
         task_callback: Callback to be executed after each task for every agents execution.
         step_callback: Callback to be executed after each step for every agents execution.
-        share_crew: Whether you want to share the complete crew infromation and execution with crewAI to make the library better, and allow us to train models.
+        share_crew: Whether you want to share the complete crew information and execution with crewAI to make the library better, and allow us to train models.
+        planning: Plan the crew execution and add the plan to the crew.
     """
 
     __hash__ = object.__hash__  # type: ignore
@@ -62,11 +86,20 @@ class Crew(BaseModel):
     _short_term_memory: Optional[InstanceOf[ShortTermMemory]] = PrivateAttr()
     _long_term_memory: Optional[InstanceOf[LongTermMemory]] = PrivateAttr()
     _entity_memory: Optional[InstanceOf[EntityMemory]] = PrivateAttr()
+    _train: Optional[bool] = PrivateAttr(default=False)
+    _train_iteration: Optional[int] = PrivateAttr()
+    _inputs: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = PrivateAttr(default=None)
+    _logging_color: str = PrivateAttr(
+        default="bold_purple",
+    )
+    _task_output_handler: TaskOutputStorageHandler = PrivateAttr(
+        default_factory=TaskOutputStorageHandler
+    )
 
     cache: bool = Field(default=True)
     model_config = ConfigDict(arbitrary_types_allowed=True)
     tasks: List[Task] = Field(default_factory=list)
-    agents: List[Agent] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    agents: List[BaseAgent] = Field(default_factory=list)
     process: Process = Field(default=Process.sequential)
     verbose: Union[int, bool] = Field(default=0)
     memory: bool = Field(
@@ -81,14 +114,10 @@ class Crew(BaseModel):
         default=None,
         description="Metrics for the LLM usage during all tasks execution.",
     )
-    full_output: Optional[bool] = Field(
-        default=False,
-        description="Whether the crew should return the full output with all tasks outputs or just the final output.",
-    )
     manager_llm: Optional[Any] = Field(
         description="Language model that will run the agent.", default=None
     )
-    manager_agent: Optional[Any] = Field(
+    manager_agent: Optional[BaseAgent] = Field(
         description="Custom agent that will be used as manager.", default=None
     )
     manager_callbacks: Optional[List[InstanceOf[BaseCallbackHandler]]] = Field(
@@ -121,6 +150,18 @@ class Crew(BaseModel):
         default=False,
         description="output_log_file",
     )
+    planning: Optional[bool] = Field(
+        default=False,
+        description="Plan the crew execution and add the plan to the crew.",
+    )
+    task_execution_output_json_files: Optional[List[str]] = Field(
+        default=None,
+        description="List of file paths for task execution JSON files.",
+    )
+    execution_logs: List[Dict[str, Any]] = Field(
+        default=[],
+        description="List of execution logs for tasks",
+    )
 
     @field_validator("id", mode="before")
     @classmethod
@@ -156,7 +197,6 @@ class Crew(BaseModel):
         self._rpm_controller = RPMController(max_rpm=self.max_rpm, logger=self._logger)
         self._telemetry = Telemetry()
         self._telemetry.set_tracer()
-        self._telemetry.crew_creation(self)
         return self
 
     @model_validator(mode="after")
@@ -164,7 +204,9 @@ class Crew(BaseModel):
         """Set private attributes."""
         if self.memory:
             self._long_term_memory = LongTermMemory()
-            self._short_term_memory = ShortTermMemory(crew=self, embedder_config=self.embedder)
+            self._short_term_memory = ShortTermMemory(
+                crew=self, embedder_config=self.embedder
+            )
             self._entity_memory = EntityMemory(crew=self, embedder_config=self.embedder)
         return self
 
@@ -211,6 +253,120 @@ class Crew(BaseModel):
                     agent.set_rpm_controller(self._rpm_controller)
         return self
 
+    @model_validator(mode="after")
+    def validate_tasks(self):
+        if self.process == Process.sequential:
+            for task in self.tasks:
+                if task.agent is None:
+                    raise PydanticCustomError(
+                        "missing_agent_in_task",
+                        f"Sequential process error: Agent is missing in the task with the following description: {task.description}",  # type: ignore # Argument of type "str" cannot be assigned to parameter "message_template" of type "LiteralString"
+                        {},
+                    )
+
+        return self
+
+    @model_validator(mode="after")
+    def check_tasks_in_hierarchical_process_not_async(self):
+        """Validates that the tasks in hierarchical process are not flagged with async_execution."""
+        if self.process == Process.hierarchical:
+            for task in self.tasks:
+                if task.async_execution:
+                    raise PydanticCustomError(
+                        "async_execution_in_hierarchical_process",
+                        "Hierarchical process error: Tasks cannot be flagged with async_execution.",
+                        {},
+                    )
+
+        return self
+
+    @model_validator(mode="after")
+    def validate_end_with_at_most_one_async_task(self):
+        """Validates that the crew ends with at most one asynchronous task."""
+        final_async_task_count = 0
+
+        # Traverse tasks backward
+        for task in reversed(self.tasks):
+            if task.async_execution:
+                final_async_task_count += 1
+            else:
+                break  # Stop traversing as soon as a non-async task is encountered
+
+        if final_async_task_count > 1:
+            raise PydanticCustomError(
+                "async_task_count",
+                "The crew must end with at most one asynchronous task.",
+                {},
+            )
+
+        return self
+
+    @model_validator(mode="after")
+    def validate_first_task(self) -> "Crew":
+        """Ensure the first task is not a ConditionalTask."""
+        if self.tasks and isinstance(self.tasks[0], ConditionalTask):
+            raise PydanticCustomError(
+                "invalid_first_task",
+                "The first task cannot be a ConditionalTask.",
+                {},
+            )
+        return self
+
+    @model_validator(mode="after")
+    def validate_async_tasks_not_async(self) -> "Crew":
+        """Ensure that ConditionalTask is not async."""
+        for task in self.tasks:
+            if task.async_execution and isinstance(task, ConditionalTask):
+                raise PydanticCustomError(
+                    "invalid_async_conditional_task",
+                    f"Conditional Task: {task.description} , cannot be executed asynchronously.",  # type: ignore # Argument of type "str" cannot be assigned to parameter "message_template" of type "LiteralString"
+                    {},
+                )
+        return self
+
+    @model_validator(mode="after")
+    def validate_async_task_cannot_include_sequential_async_tasks_in_context(self):
+        """
+        Validates that if a task is set to be executed asynchronously,
+        it cannot include other asynchronous tasks in its context unless
+        separated by a synchronous task.
+        """
+        for i, task in enumerate(self.tasks):
+            if task.async_execution and task.context:
+                for context_task in task.context:
+                    if context_task.async_execution:
+                        for j in range(i - 1, -1, -1):
+                            if self.tasks[j] == context_task:
+                                raise ValueError(
+                                    f"Task '{task.description}' is asynchronous and cannot include other sequential asynchronous tasks in its context."
+                                )
+                            if not self.tasks[j].async_execution:
+                                break
+        return self
+
+    @model_validator(mode="after")
+    def validate_context_no_future_tasks(self):
+        """Validates that a task's context does not include future tasks."""
+        task_indices = {id(task): i for i, task in enumerate(self.tasks)}
+
+        for task in self.tasks:
+            if task.context:
+                for context_task in task.context:
+                    if id(context_task) not in task_indices:
+                        continue  # Skip context tasks not in the main tasks list
+                    if task_indices[id(context_task)] > task_indices[id(task)]:
+                        raise ValueError(
+                            f"Task '{task.description}' has a context dependency on a future task '{context_task.description}', which is not allowed."
+                        )
+        return self
+
+    @property
+    def key(self) -> str:
+        source = [agent.key for agent in self.agents] + [
+            task.key for task in self.tasks
+        ]
+        return md5("|".join(source).encode()).hexdigest()
+
     def _setup_from_config(self):
         assert self.config is not None, "Config should not be None."
 
@@ -239,92 +395,221 @@ class Crew(BaseModel):
         del task_config["agent"]
         return Task(**task_config, agent=task_agent)
 
-    def kickoff(self, inputs: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = {}) -> str:
+    def _setup_for_training(self) -> None:
+        """Sets up the crew for training."""
+        self._train = True
+
+        for task in self.tasks:
+            task.human_input = True
+
+        for agent in self.agents:
+            agent.allow_delegation = False
+
+        CrewTrainingHandler(TRAINING_DATA_FILE).initialize_file()
+        CrewTrainingHandler(TRAINED_AGENTS_DATA_FILE).initialize_file()
+
+    def train(self, n_iterations: int, inputs: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = {}) -> None:
+        """Trains the crew for a given number of iterations."""
+        self._setup_for_training()
+
+        for n_iteration in range(n_iterations):
+            self._train_iteration = n_iteration
+            self.kickoff(inputs=inputs)
+
+        training_data = CrewTrainingHandler(TRAINING_DATA_FILE).load()
+
+        for agent in self.agents:
+            result = TaskEvaluator(agent).evaluate_training_data(
+                training_data=training_data, agent_id=str(agent.id)
+            )
+
+            CrewTrainingHandler(TRAINED_AGENTS_DATA_FILE).save_trained_data(
+                agent_id=str(agent.role), trained_data=result.model_dump()
+            )
+
+    def kickoff(
+        self,
+        inputs: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
+    ) -> CrewOutput:
         """Starts the crew to work on its assigned tasks."""
-        self._execution_span = self._telemetry.crew_execution_span(self)
-        self._interpolate_inputs(inputs)  # type: ignore # Argument 1 to "_interpolate_inputs" of "Crew" has incompatible type "dict[str, Any] | None"; expected "dict[str, Any]"
+        self._execution_span = self._telemetry.crew_execution_span(self, inputs)
+        self._task_output_handler.reset()
+        self._logging_color = "bold_purple"
+
+        if inputs is not None:
+            self._inputs = inputs
+            self._interpolate_inputs(inputs)
         self._set_tasks_callbacks()
 
         i18n = I18N(prompt_file=self.prompt_file)
 
         for agent in self.agents:
             agent.i18n = i18n
-            agent.crew = self
+            # type: ignore[attr-defined] # Argument 1 to "_interpolate_inputs" of "Crew" has incompatible type "dict[str, Any] | None"; expected "dict[str, Any]"
+            agent.crew = self  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+            # TODO: Create an AgentFunctionCalling protocol for future refactoring
+            if not agent.function_calling_llm:  # type: ignore # "BaseAgent" has no attribute "function_calling_llm"
+                agent.function_calling_llm = self.function_calling_llm  # type: ignore # "BaseAgent" has no attribute "function_calling_llm"
 
-            if not agent.function_calling_llm:
-                agent.function_calling_llm = self.function_calling_llm
-            if not agent.step_callback:
-                agent.step_callback = self.step_callback
+            if agent.allow_code_execution:  # type: ignore # BaseAgent" has no attribute "allow_code_execution"
+                agent.tools += agent.get_code_execution_tools()  # type: ignore # "BaseAgent" has no attribute "get_code_execution_tools"; maybe "get_delegation_tools"?
+
+            if not agent.step_callback:  # type: ignore # "BaseAgent" has no attribute "step_callback"
+                agent.step_callback = self.step_callback  # type: ignore # "BaseAgent" has no attribute "step_callback"
 
             agent.create_agent_executor()
 
+        if self.planning:
+            self._handle_crew_planning()
+
         metrics = []
 
         if self.process == Process.sequential:
             result = self._run_sequential_process()
         elif self.process == Process.hierarchical:
-            result, manager_metrics = self._run_hierarchical_process()  # type: ignore # Unpacking a string is disallowed
-            metrics.append(manager_metrics)  # type: ignore # Cannot determine type of "manager_metrics"
-
+            result = self._run_hierarchical_process()
         else:
             raise NotImplementedError(
                 f"The process '{self.process}' is not implemented yet."
             )
+        metrics += [agent._token_process.get_summary() for agent in self.agents]
 
-        metrics = metrics + [
-            agent._token_process.get_summary() for agent in self.agents
-        ]
         self.usage_metrics = {
             key: sum([m[key] for m in metrics if m is not None]) for key in metrics[0]
         }
 
         return result
 
-    def _run_sequential_process(self) -> str:
+    def kickoff_for_each(self, inputs: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> List[CrewOutput]:
+        """Executes the Crew's workflow for each input in the list and aggregates results."""
+        results: List[CrewOutput] = []
+
+        # Initialize the parent crew's usage metrics
+        total_usage_metrics = {
+            "total_tokens": 0,
+            "prompt_tokens": 0,
+            "completion_tokens": 0,
+            "successful_requests": 0,
+        }
+
+        for input_data in inputs:
+            crew = self.copy()
+
+            output = crew.kickoff(inputs=input_data)
+
+            if crew.usage_metrics:
+                for key in total_usage_metrics:
+                    total_usage_metrics[key] += crew.usage_metrics.get(key, 0)
+
+            results.append(output)
+
+        self.usage_metrics = total_usage_metrics
+        self._task_output_handler.reset()
+        return results
+
+    async def kickoff_async(self, inputs: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = {}) -> CrewOutput:
+        """Asynchronous kickoff method to start the crew execution."""
+        return await asyncio.to_thread(self.kickoff, inputs)
+
+    async def kickoff_for_each_async(self, inputs: List[Dict]) -> List[CrewOutput]:
+        crew_copies = [self.copy() for _ in inputs]
+
+        async def run_crew(crew, input_data):
+            return await crew.kickoff_async(inputs=input_data)
+
+        tasks = [
+            asyncio.create_task(run_crew(crew_copies[i], inputs[i]))
+            for i in range(len(inputs))
+        ]
+        tasks = [
+            asyncio.create_task(run_crew(crew_copies[i], inputs[i]))
+            for i in range(len(inputs))
+        ]
+
+        results = await asyncio.gather(*tasks)
+
+        total_usage_metrics = {
+            "total_tokens": 0,
+            "prompt_tokens": 0,
+            "completion_tokens": 0,
+            "successful_requests": 0,
+        }
+        for crew in crew_copies:
+            if crew.usage_metrics:
+                for key in total_usage_metrics:
+                    total_usage_metrics[key] += crew.usage_metrics.get(key, 0)
+
+        self.usage_metrics = total_usage_metrics
+
+        total_usage_metrics = {
+            "total_tokens": 0,
+            "prompt_tokens": 0,
+            "completion_tokens": 0,
+            "successful_requests": 0,
+        }
+        for crew in crew_copies:
+            if crew.usage_metrics:
+                for key in total_usage_metrics:
+                    total_usage_metrics[key] += crew.usage_metrics.get(key, 0)
+
+        self.usage_metrics = total_usage_metrics
+        self._task_output_handler.reset()
+        return results
+
+    def _handle_crew_planning(self):
+        """Handles the Crew planning."""
+        self._logger.log("info", "Planning the crew execution")
+        result = CrewPlanner(self.tasks)._handle_crew_planning()
+
+        for task, step_plan in zip(self.tasks, result.list_of_plans_per_task):
+            task.description += step_plan
+
+    def _store_execution_log(
+        self,
+        task: Task,
+        output: TaskOutput,
+        task_index: int,
+        was_replayed: bool = False,
+    ):
+        if self._inputs:
+            inputs = self._inputs
+        else:
+            inputs = {}
+
+        log = {
+            "task": task,
+            "output": {
+                "description": output.description,
+                "summary": output.summary,
+                "raw": output.raw,
+                "pydantic": output.pydantic,
+                "json_dict": output.json_dict,
+                "output_format": output.output_format,
+                "agent": output.agent,
+            },
+            "task_index": task_index,
+            "inputs": inputs,
+            "was_replayed": was_replayed,
+        }
+        self._task_output_handler.update(task_index, log)
+
+    def _run_sequential_process(self) -> CrewOutput:
         """Executes tasks sequentially and returns the final output."""
-        task_output = ""
-        for task in self.tasks:
-            if task.agent.allow_delegation:  # type: ignore #  Item "None" of "Agent | None" has no attribute "allow_delegation"
-                agents_for_delegation = [
-                    agent for agent in self.agents if agent != task.agent
-                ]
-                if len(self.agents) > 1 and len(agents_for_delegation) > 0:
-                    task.tools += AgentTools(agents=agents_for_delegation).tools()
+        return self._execute_tasks(self.tasks)
 
-            role = task.agent.role if task.agent is not None else "None"
-            self._logger.log("debug", f"== Working Agent: {role}", color="bold_purple")
-            self._logger.log(
-                "info", f"== Starting Task: {task.description}", color="bold_purple"
-            )
-
-            if self.output_log_file:
-                self._file_handler.log(
-                    agent=role, task=task.description, status="started"
-                )
-
-            output = task.execute(context=task_output)
-            if not task.async_execution:
-                task_output = output
-
-            role = task.agent.role if task.agent is not None else "None"
-            self._logger.log("debug", f"== [{role}] Task output: {task_output}\n\n")
-
-            if self.output_log_file:
-                self._file_handler.log(agent=role, task=task_output, status="completed")
-
-        self._finish_execution(task_output)
-        return self._format_output(task_output)
-
-    def _run_hierarchical_process(self) -> str:
+    def _run_hierarchical_process(self) -> CrewOutput:
         """Creates and assigns a manager agent to make sure the crew completes the tasks."""
+        self._create_manager_agent()
+        return self._execute_tasks(self.tasks, self.manager_agent)
 
+    def _create_manager_agent(self):
         i18n = I18N(prompt_file=self.prompt_file)
         if self.manager_agent is not None:
             self.manager_agent.allow_delegation = True
             manager = self.manager_agent
-            if len(manager.tools) > 0:
+            if manager.tools is not None and len(manager.tools) > 0:
                 raise Exception("Manager agent should not have tools")
-            manager.tools = AgentTools(agents=self.agents).tools()
+            manager.tools = self.manager_agent.get_delegation_tools(self.agents)
         else:
             manager = Agent(
                 role=i18n.retrieve("hierarchical_manager_agent", "role"),
@@ -332,32 +617,298 @@ class Crew(BaseModel):
                 backstory=i18n.retrieve("hierarchical_manager_agent", "backstory"),
                 tools=AgentTools(agents=self.agents).tools(),
                 llm=self.manager_llm,
-                verbose=True,
+                verbose=self.verbose,
             )
+            self.manager_agent = manager
 
-        task_output = ""
-        for task in self.tasks:
-            self._logger.log("debug", f"Working Agent: {manager.role}")
-            self._logger.log("info", f"Starting Task: {task.description}")
+    def _execute_tasks(
+        self,
+        tasks: List[Task],
+        manager: Optional[BaseAgent] = None,
+        start_index: Optional[int] = 0,
+        was_replayed: bool = False,
+    ) -> CrewOutput:
+        """Executes tasks sequentially and returns the final output.
 
-            if self.output_log_file:
-                self._file_handler.log(
-                    agent=manager.role, task=task.description, status="started"
+        Args:
+            tasks (List[Task]): List of tasks to execute
+            manager (Optional[BaseAgent], optional): Manager agent to use for delegation. Defaults to None.
+
+        Returns:
+            CrewOutput: Final output of the crew
+        """
+
+        task_outputs: List[TaskOutput] = []
+        futures: List[Tuple[Task, Future[TaskOutput], int]] = []
+        last_sync_output: Optional[TaskOutput] = None
+
+        for task_index, task in enumerate(tasks):
+            if start_index is not None and task_index < start_index:
+                if task.output:
+                    if task.async_execution:
+                        task_outputs.append(task.output)
+                    else:
+                        task_outputs = [task.output]
+                        last_sync_output = task.output
+                continue
+
+            agent_to_use = self._get_agent_to_use(task, manager)
+            if agent_to_use is None:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"No agent available for task: {task.description}. Ensure that either the task has an assigned agent or a manager agent is provided."
                 )
 
-            task_output = task.execute(
-                agent=manager, context=task_output, tools=manager.tools
-            )
+            self._prepare_agent_tools(task, manager)
+            self._log_task_start(task, agent_to_use.role)
 
-            self._logger.log("debug", f"[{manager.role}] Task output: {task_output}")
-
-            if self.output_log_file:
-                self._file_handler.log(
-                    agent=manager.role, task=task_output, status="completed"
+            if isinstance(task, ConditionalTask):
+                skipped_task_output = self._handle_conditional_task(
+                    task, task_outputs, futures, task_index, was_replayed
                 )
+                if skipped_task_output:
+                    continue
 
-        self._finish_execution(task_output)
-        return self._format_output(task_output), manager._token_process.get_summary()  # type: ignore # Incompatible return value type (got "tuple[str, Any]", expected "str")
+            if task.async_execution:
+                context = self._get_context(
+                    task, [last_sync_output] if last_sync_output else []
+                )
+                future = task.execute_async(
+                    agent=agent_to_use,
+                    context=context,
+                    tools=agent_to_use.tools,
+                )
+                futures.append((task, future, task_index))
+            else:
+                if futures:
+                    task_outputs = self._process_async_tasks(futures, was_replayed)
+                    futures.clear()
+
+                context = self._get_context(task, task_outputs)
+                task_output = task.execute_sync(
+                    agent=agent_to_use,
+                    context=context,
+                    tools=agent_to_use.tools,
+                )
+                task_outputs = [task_output]
+                self._process_task_result(task, task_output)
+                self._store_execution_log(task, task_output, task_index, was_replayed)
+
+        if futures:
+            task_outputs = self._process_async_tasks(futures, was_replayed)
+
+        return self._create_crew_output(task_outputs)
+
+    def _handle_conditional_task(
+        self,
+        task: ConditionalTask,
+        task_outputs: List[TaskOutput],
+        futures: List[Tuple[Task, Future[TaskOutput], int]],
+        task_index: int,
+        was_replayed: bool,
+    ) -> Optional[TaskOutput]:
+        if futures:
+            task_outputs = self._process_async_tasks(futures, was_replayed)
+            futures.clear()
+
+        previous_output = task_outputs[task_index - 1] if task_outputs else None
+        if previous_output is not None and not task.should_execute(previous_output):
+            self._logger.log(
+                "debug",
+                f"Skipping conditional task: {task.description}",
+                color="yellow",
+            )
+            skipped_task_output = task.get_skipped_task_output()
+
+            if not was_replayed:
+                self._store_execution_log(task, skipped_task_output, task_index)
+            return skipped_task_output
+        return None
+
+    def _prepare_agent_tools(self, task: Task, manager: Optional[BaseAgent]):
+        if self.process == Process.hierarchical:
+            if manager:
+                self._update_manager_tools(task, manager)
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("Manager agent is required for hierarchical process.")
+        elif task.agent and task.agent.allow_delegation:
+            self._add_delegation_tools(task)
+
+    def _get_agent_to_use(
+        self, task: Task, manager: Optional[BaseAgent]
+    ) -> Optional[BaseAgent]:
+        if self.process == Process.hierarchical:
+            return manager
+        return task.agent
+
+    def _add_delegation_tools(self, task: Task):
+        agents_for_delegation = [agent for agent in self.agents if agent != task.agent]
+        if len(self.agents) > 1 and len(agents_for_delegation) > 0 and task.agent:
+            delegation_tools = task.agent.get_delegation_tools(agents_for_delegation)
+
+            # Add tools if they are not already in task.tools
+            for new_tool in delegation_tools:
+                # Find the index of the tool with the same name
+                existing_tool_index = next(
+                    (
+                        index
+                        for index, tool in enumerate(task.tools or [])
+                        if tool.name == new_tool.name
+                    ),
+                    None,
+                )
+                if not task.tools:
+                    task.tools = []
+
+                if existing_tool_index is not None:
+                    # Replace the existing tool
+                    task.tools[existing_tool_index] = new_tool
+                else:
+                    # Add the new tool
+                    task.tools.append(new_tool)
+
+    def _log_task_start(self, task: Task, role: str = "None"):
+        color = self._logging_color
+        self._logger.log("debug", f"== Working Agent: {role}", color=color)
+        self._logger.log("info", f"== Starting Task: {task.description}", color=color)
+        if self.output_log_file:
+            self._file_handler.log(agent=role, task=task.description, status="started")
+
+    def _update_manager_tools(self, task: Task, manager: BaseAgent):
+        if task.agent:
+            manager.tools = task.agent.get_delegation_tools([task.agent])
+        else:
+            manager.tools = manager.get_delegation_tools(self.agents)
+
+    def _get_context(self, task: Task, task_outputs: List[TaskOutput]):
+        context = (
+            aggregate_raw_outputs_from_tasks(task.context)
+            if task.context
+            else aggregate_raw_outputs_from_task_outputs(task_outputs)
+        )
+        return context
+
+    def _process_task_result(self, task: Task, output: TaskOutput) -> None:
+        role = task.agent.role if task.agent is not None else "None"
+        self._logger.log("debug", f"== [{role}] Task output: {output}\n\n")
+        if self.output_log_file:
+            self._file_handler.log(agent=role, task=output, status="completed")
+
+    def _create_crew_output(self, task_outputs: List[TaskOutput]) -> CrewOutput:
+        if len(task_outputs) != 1:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Something went wrong. Kickoff should return only one task output."
+            )
+        final_task_output = task_outputs[0]
+        final_string_output = final_task_output.raw
+        self._finish_execution(final_string_output)
+        token_usage = self.calculate_usage_metrics()
+
+        return CrewOutput(
+            raw=final_task_output.raw,
+            pydantic=final_task_output.pydantic,
+            json_dict=final_task_output.json_dict,
+            tasks_output=[task.output for task in self.tasks if task.output],
+            token_usage=token_usage,
+        )
+
+    def _process_async_tasks(
+        self,
+        futures: List[Tuple[Task, Future[TaskOutput], int]],
+        was_replayed: bool = False,
+    ) -> List[TaskOutput]:
+        task_outputs: List[TaskOutput] = []
+        for future_task, future, task_index in futures:
+            task_output = future.result()
+            task_outputs.append(task_output)
+            self._process_task_result(future_task, task_output)
+            self._store_execution_log(
+                future_task, task_output, task_index, was_replayed
+            )
+        return task_outputs
+
+    def _find_task_index(
+        self, task_id: str, stored_outputs: List[Any]
+    ) -> Optional[int]:
+        return next(
+            (
+                index
+                for (index, d) in enumerate(stored_outputs)
+                if d["task_id"] == str(task_id)
+            ),
+            None,
+        )
+
+    def replay(
+        self, task_id: str, inputs: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
+    ) -> CrewOutput:
+        stored_outputs = self._task_output_handler.load()
+        if not stored_outputs:
+            raise ValueError(f"Task with id {task_id} not found in the crew's tasks.")
+
+        start_index = self._find_task_index(task_id, stored_outputs)
+
+        if start_index is None:
+            raise ValueError(f"Task with id {task_id} not found in the crew's tasks.")
+
+        replay_inputs = (
+            inputs if inputs is not None else stored_outputs[start_index]["inputs"]
+        )
+        self._inputs = replay_inputs
+
+        if replay_inputs:
+            self._interpolate_inputs(replay_inputs)
+
+        if self.process == Process.hierarchical:
+            self._create_manager_agent()
+
+        for i in range(start_index):
+            stored_output = stored_outputs[i][
+                "output"
+            ]  # for adding context to the task
+            task_output = TaskOutput(
+                description=stored_output["description"],
+                agent=stored_output["agent"],
+                raw=stored_output["raw"],
+                pydantic=stored_output["pydantic"],
+                json_dict=stored_output["json_dict"],
+                output_format=stored_output["output_format"],
+            )
+            self.tasks[i].output = task_output
+
+        self._logging_color = "bold_blue"
+        result = self._execute_tasks(self.tasks, self.manager_agent, start_index, True)
+        return result
+
+    def copy(self):
+        """Create a deep copy of the Crew."""
+
+        exclude = {
+            "id",
+            "_rpm_controller",
+            "_logger",
+            "_execution_span",
+            "_file_handler",
+            "_cache_handler",
+            "_short_term_memory",
+            "_long_term_memory",
+            "_entity_memory",
+            "_telemetry",
+            "agents",
+            "tasks",
+        }
+
+        cloned_agents = [agent.copy() for agent in self.agents]
+        cloned_tasks = [task.copy(cloned_agents) for task in self.tasks]
+
+        copied_data = self.model_dump(exclude=exclude)
+        copied_data = {k: v for k, v in copied_data.items() if v is not None}
+
+        copied_data.pop("agents", None)
+        copied_data.pop("tasks", None)
+
+        copied_crew = Crew(**copied_data, agents=cloned_agents, tasks=cloned_tasks)
+
+        return copied_crew
 
     def _set_tasks_callbacks(self) -> None:
         """Sets callback for every task suing task_callback"""
@@ -367,23 +918,48 @@ class Crew(BaseModel):
 
     def _interpolate_inputs(self, inputs: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
         """Interpolates the inputs in the tasks and agents."""
-        [task.interpolate_inputs(inputs) for task in self.tasks]  # type: ignore # "interpolate_inputs" of "Task" does not return a value (it only ever returns None)
-        [agent.interpolate_inputs(inputs) for agent in self.agents]  # type: ignore # "interpolate_inputs" of "Agent" does not return a value (it only ever returns None)
+        [
+            task.interpolate_inputs(
+                # type: ignore # "interpolate_inputs" of "Task" does not return a value (it only ever returns None)
+                inputs
+            )
+            for task in self.tasks
+        ]
+        # type: ignore # "interpolate_inputs" of "Agent" does not return a value (it only ever returns None)
+        for agent in self.agents:
+            agent.interpolate_inputs(inputs)
 
-    def _format_output(self, output: str) -> str:
-        """Formats the output of the crew execution."""
-        if self.full_output:
-            return {  # type: ignore # Incompatible return value type (got "dict[str, Sequence[str | TaskOutput | None]]", expected "str")
-                "final_output": output,
-                "tasks_outputs": [task.output for task in self.tasks if task],
-            }
-        else:
-            return output
-
-    def _finish_execution(self, output) -> None:
+    def _finish_execution(self, final_string_output: str) -> None:
         if self.max_rpm:
             self._rpm_controller.stop_rpm_counter()
-        self._telemetry.end_crew(self, output)
+        if agentops:
+            agentops.end_session(
+                end_state="Success",
+                end_state_reason="Finished Execution",
+            )
+        self._telemetry.end_crew(self, final_string_output)
+
+    def calculate_usage_metrics(self) -> Dict[str, int]:
+        """Calculates and returns the usage metrics."""
+        total_usage_metrics = {
+            "total_tokens": 0,
+            "prompt_tokens": 0,
+            "completion_tokens": 0,
+            "successful_requests": 0,
+        }
+
+        for agent in self.agents:
+            if hasattr(agent, "_token_process"):
+                token_sum = agent._token_process.get_summary()
+                for key in total_usage_metrics:
+                    total_usage_metrics[key] += token_sum.get(key, 0)
+
+        if self.manager_agent and hasattr(self.manager_agent, "_token_process"):
+            token_sum = self.manager_agent._token_process.get_summary()
+            for key in total_usage_metrics:
+                total_usage_metrics[key] += token_sum.get(key, 0)
+
+        return total_usage_metrics
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return f"Crew(id={self.id}, process={self.process}, number_of_agents={len(self.agents)}, number_of_tasks={len(self.tasks)})"

src/crewai/crews/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+from .crew_output import CrewOutput

src/crewai/crews/crew_output.py

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+import json
+from typing import Any, Dict, Optional
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
+
+from crewai.tasks.output_format import OutputFormat
+from crewai.tasks.task_output import TaskOutput
+
+
+class CrewOutput(BaseModel):
+    """Class that represents the result of a crew."""
+
+    raw: str = Field(description="Raw output of crew", default="")
+    pydantic: Optional[BaseModel] = Field(
+        description="Pydantic output of Crew", default=None
+    )
+    json_dict: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = Field(
+        description="JSON dict output of Crew", default=None
+    )
+    tasks_output: list[TaskOutput] = Field(
+        description="Output of each task", default=[]
+    )
+    token_usage: Dict[str, Any] = Field(
+        description="Processed token summary", default={}
+    )
+
+    @property
+    def json(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        if self.tasks_output[-1].output_format != OutputFormat.JSON:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "No JSON output found in the final task. Please make sure to set the output_json property in the final task in your crew."
+            )
+
+        return json.dumps(self.json_dict)
+
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Convert json_output and pydantic_output to a dictionary."""
+        output_dict = {}
+        if self.json_dict:
+            output_dict.update(self.json_dict)
+        elif self.pydantic:
+            output_dict.update(self.pydantic.model_dump())
+        return output_dict
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        if self.pydantic:
+            return str(self.pydantic)
+        if self.json_dict:
+            return str(self.json_dict)
+        return self.raw

src/crewai/memory/entity/entity_memory.py

@@ -12,7 +12,10 @@ class EntityMemory(Memory):
 
     def __init__(self, crew=None, embedder_config=None):
         storage = RAGStorage(
-            type="entities", allow_reset=False, embedder_config=embedder_config, crew=crew
+            type="entities",
+            allow_reset=False,
+            embedder_config=embedder_config,
+            crew=crew,
         )
         super().__init__(storage)
 
@@ -20,3 +23,9 @@ class EntityMemory(Memory):
         """Saves an entity item into the SQLite storage."""
         data = f"{item.name}({item.type}): {item.description}"
         super().save(data, item.metadata)
+
+    def reset(self) -> None:
+        try:
+            self.storage.reset()
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise Exception(f"An error occurred while resetting the entity memory: {e}")

src/crewai/memory/long_term/long_term_memory.py

@@ -30,3 +30,6 @@ class LongTermMemory(Memory):
 
     def search(self, task: str, latest_n: int = 3) -> Dict[str, Any]:
         return self.storage.load(task, latest_n)  # type: ignore # BUG?: "Storage" has no attribute "load"
+
+    def reset(self) -> None:
+        self.storage.reset()

src/crewai/memory/short_term/short_term_memory.py

@@ -13,11 +13,21 @@ class ShortTermMemory(Memory):
     """
 
     def __init__(self, crew=None, embedder_config=None):
-        storage = RAGStorage(type="short_term", embedder_config=embedder_config, crew=crew)
+        storage = RAGStorage(
+            type="short_term", embedder_config=embedder_config, crew=crew
+        )
         super().__init__(storage)
 
-    def save(self, item: ShortTermMemoryItem) -> None:  # type: ignore # BUG?: Signature of "save" incompatible with supertype "Memory"
+    def save(self, item: ShortTermMemoryItem) -> None:
         super().save(item.data, item.metadata, item.agent)
 
     def search(self, query: str, score_threshold: float = 0.35):
         return self.storage.search(query=query, score_threshold=score_threshold)  # type: ignore # BUG? The reference is to the parent class, but the parent class does not have this parameters
+
+    def reset(self) -> None:
+        try:
+            self.storage.reset()
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise Exception(
+                f"An error occurred while resetting the short-term memory: {e}"
+            )

src/crewai/memory/storage/interface.py

@@ -9,3 +9,6 @@ class Storage:
 
     def search(self, key: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:  # type: ignore
         pass
+
+    def reset(self) -> None:
+        pass

src/crewai/memory/storage/kickoff_task_outputs_storage.py

@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+import json
+import sqlite3
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
+
+from crewai.task import Task
+from crewai.utilities import Printer
+from crewai.utilities.crew_json_encoder import CrewJSONEncoder
+from crewai.utilities.paths import db_storage_path
+
+
+class KickoffTaskOutputsSQLiteStorage:
+    """
+    An updated SQLite storage class for kickoff task outputs storage.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, db_path: str = f"{db_storage_path()}/latest_kickoff_task_outputs.db"
+    ) -> None:
+        self.db_path = db_path
+        self._printer: Printer = Printer()
+        self._initialize_db()
+
+    def _initialize_db(self):
+        """
+        Initializes the SQLite database and creates LTM table
+        """
+        try:
+            with sqlite3.connect(self.db_path) as conn:
+                cursor = conn.cursor()
+                cursor.execute(
+                    """
+                    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS latest_kickoff_task_outputs (
+                        task_id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+                        expected_output TEXT,
+                        output JSON,
+                        task_index INTEGER,
+                        inputs JSON,
+                        was_replayed BOOLEAN,
+                        timestamp DATETIME DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+                    )
+                """
+                )
+
+                conn.commit()
+        except sqlite3.Error as e:
+            self._printer.print(
+                content=f"SAVING KICKOFF TASK OUTPUTS ERROR: An error occurred during database initialization: {e}",
+                color="red",
+            )
+
+    def add(
+        self,
+        task: Task,
+        output: Dict[str, Any],
+        task_index: int,
+        was_replayed: bool = False,
+        inputs: Dict[str, Any] = {},
+    ):
+        try:
+            with sqlite3.connect(self.db_path) as conn:
+                cursor = conn.cursor()
+                cursor.execute(
+                    """
+                INSERT OR REPLACE INTO latest_kickoff_task_outputs
+                (task_id, expected_output, output, task_index, inputs, was_replayed)
+                VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
+            """,
+                    (
+                        str(task.id),
+                        task.expected_output,
+                        json.dumps(output, cls=CrewJSONEncoder),
+                        task_index,
+                        json.dumps(inputs),
+                        was_replayed,
+                    ),
+                )
+                conn.commit()
+        except sqlite3.Error as e:
+            self._printer.print(
+                content=f"SAVING KICKOFF TASK OUTPUTS ERROR: An error occurred during database initialization: {e}",
+                color="red",
+            )
+
+    def update(
+        self,
+        task_index: int,
+        **kwargs,
+    ):
+        """
+        Updates an existing row in the latest_kickoff_task_outputs table based on task_index.
+        """
+        try:
+            with sqlite3.connect(self.db_path) as conn:
+                cursor = conn.cursor()
+
+                fields = []
+                values = []
+                for key, value in kwargs.items():
+                    fields.append(f"{key} = ?")
+                    values.append(
+                        json.dumps(value, cls=CrewJSONEncoder)
+                        if isinstance(value, dict)
+                        else value
+                    )
+
+                query = f"UPDATE latest_kickoff_task_outputs SET {', '.join(fields)} WHERE task_index = ?"
+                values.append(task_index)
+
+                cursor.execute(query, tuple(values))
+                conn.commit()
+
+                if cursor.rowcount == 0:
+                    self._printer.print(
+                        f"No row found with task_index {task_index}. No update performed.",
+                        color="red",
+                    )
+        except sqlite3.Error as e:
+            self._printer.print(f"UPDATE KICKOFF TASK OUTPUTS ERROR: {e}", color="red")
+
+    def load(self) -> Optional[List[Dict[str, Any]]]:
+        try:
+            with sqlite3.connect(self.db_path) as conn:
+                cursor = conn.cursor()
+                cursor.execute("""
+                SELECT *
+                FROM latest_kickoff_task_outputs
+                ORDER BY task_index
+                """)
+
+                rows = cursor.fetchall()
+                results = []
+                for row in rows:
+                    result = {
+                        "task_id": row[0],
+                        "expected_output": row[1],
+                        "output": json.loads(row[2]),
+                        "task_index": row[3],
+                        "inputs": json.loads(row[4]),
+                        "was_replayed": row[5],
+                        "timestamp": row[6],
+                    }
+                    results.append(result)
+
+                return results
+
+        except sqlite3.Error as e:
+            self._printer.print(
+                content=f"LOADING KICKOFF TASK OUTPUTS ERROR: An error occurred while querying kickoff task outputs: {e}",
+                color="red",
+            )
+            return None
+
+    def delete_all(self):
+        """
+        Deletes all rows from the latest_kickoff_task_outputs table.
+        """
+        try:
+            with sqlite3.connect(self.db_path) as conn:
+                cursor = conn.cursor()
+                cursor.execute("DELETE FROM latest_kickoff_task_outputs")
+                conn.commit()
+        except sqlite3.Error as e:
+            self._printer.print(
+                content=f"ERROR: Failed to delete all kickoff task outputs: {e}",
+                color="red",
+            )

src/crewai/memory/storage/ltm_sqlite_storage.py

@@ -103,3 +103,20 @@ class LTMSQLiteStorage:
                 color="red",
             )
         return None
+
+    def reset(
+        self,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Resets the LTM table with error handling."""
+        try:
+            with sqlite3.connect(self.db_path) as conn:
+                cursor = conn.cursor()
+                cursor.execute("DELETE FROM long_term_memories")
+                conn.commit()
+
+        except sqlite3.Error as e:
+            self._printer.print(
+                content=f"MEMORY ERROR: An error occurred while deleting all rows in LTM: {e}",
+                color="red",
+            )
+        return None

src/crewai/memory/storage/rag_storage.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import contextlib
 import io
 import logging
 import os
+import shutil
 from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
 
 from embedchain import App
@@ -71,13 +72,13 @@ class RAGStorage(Storage):
 
         if embedder_config:
             config["embedder"] = embedder_config
-
+        self.type = type
         self.app = App.from_config(config=config)
         self.app.llm = FakeLLM()
         if allow_reset:
             self.app.reset()
 
-    def save(self, value: Any, metadata: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:  # type: ignore # BUG?: Should be save(key, value, metadata)  Signature of "save" incompatible with supertype "Storage"
+    def save(self, value: Any, metadata: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
         self._generate_embedding(value, metadata)
 
     def search(  # type: ignore # BUG?: Signature of "search" incompatible with supertype "Storage"
@@ -102,3 +103,11 @@ class RAGStorage(Storage):
     def _generate_embedding(self, text: str, metadata: Dict[str, Any]) -> Any:
         with suppress_logging():
             self.app.add(text, data_type="text", metadata=metadata)
+
+    def reset(self) -> None:
+        try:
+            shutil.rmtree(f"{db_storage_path()}/{self.type}")
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise Exception(
+                f"An error occurred while resetting the {self.type} memory: {e}"
+            )

src/crewai/project/annotations.py

@@ -1,6 +1,3 @@
-tasks_order = []
-
-
 def memoize(func):
     cache = {}
 
@@ -10,14 +7,21 @@ def memoize(func):
             cache[key] = func(*args, **kwargs)
         return cache[key]
 
+    memoized_func.__dict__.update(func.__dict__)
     return memoized_func
 
 
 def task(func):
+    if not hasattr(task, "registration_order"):
+        task.registration_order = []
+
     func.is_task = True
-    tasks_order.append(func.__name__)
-    func = memoize(func)
-    return func
+    wrapped_func = memoize(func)
+
+    # Append the function name to the registration order list
+    task.registration_order.append(func.__name__)
+
+    return wrapped_func
 
 
 def agent(func):
@@ -32,26 +36,43 @@ def crew(func):
         instantiated_agents = []
 
         agent_roles = set()
-        # Iterate over tasks_order to maintain the defined order
-        for task_name in tasks_order:
-            possible_task = getattr(self, task_name)
-            if callable(possible_task):
-                task_instance = possible_task()
-                instantiated_tasks.append(task_instance)
-                if hasattr(task_instance, "agent"):
-                    agent_instance = task_instance.agent
-                    if agent_instance.role not in agent_roles:
-                        instantiated_agents.append(agent_instance)
-                        agent_roles.add(agent_instance.role)
+        all_functions = {
+            name: getattr(self, name)
+            for name in dir(self)
+            if callable(getattr(self, name))
+        }
+        tasks = {
+            name: func
+            for name, func in all_functions.items()
+            if hasattr(func, "is_task")
+        }
+        agents = {
+            name: func
+            for name, func in all_functions.items()
+            if hasattr(func, "is_agent")
+        }
+
+        # Sort tasks by their registration order
+        sorted_task_names = sorted(
+            tasks, key=lambda name: task.registration_order.index(name)
+        )
+
+        # Instantiate tasks in the order they were defined
+        for task_name in sorted_task_names:
+            task_instance = tasks[task_name]()
+            instantiated_tasks.append(task_instance)
+            if hasattr(task_instance, "agent"):
+                agent_instance = task_instance.agent
+                if agent_instance.role not in agent_roles:
+                    instantiated_agents.append(agent_instance)
+                    agent_roles.add(agent_instance.role)
 
         # Instantiate any additional agents not already included by tasks
-        for attr_name in dir(self):
-            possible_agent = getattr(self, attr_name)
-            if callable(possible_agent) and hasattr(possible_agent, "is_agent"):
-                temp_agent_instance = possible_agent()
-                if temp_agent_instance.role not in agent_roles:
-                    instantiated_agents.append(temp_agent_instance)
-                    agent_roles.add(temp_agent_instance.role)
+        for agent_name in agents:
+            temp_agent_instance = agents[agent_name]()
+            if temp_agent_instance.role not in agent_roles:
+                instantiated_agents.append(temp_agent_instance)
+                agent_roles.add(temp_agent_instance.role)
 
         self.agents = instantiated_agents
         self.tasks = instantiated_tasks

src/crewai/project/crew_base.py

@@ -1,21 +1,18 @@
 import inspect
-import yaml
 import os
-
 from pathlib import Path
+
+import yaml
+from dotenv import load_dotenv
 from pydantic import ConfigDict
 
-from dotenv import load_dotenv
 load_dotenv()
 
 
 def CrewBase(cls):
     class WrappedClass(cls):
         model_config = ConfigDict(arbitrary_types_allowed=True)
-        is_crew_class: bool = True
-
-        class Config:
-            arbitrary_types_allowed = True
+        is_crew_class: bool = True  # type: ignore
 
         base_directory = None
         for frame_info in inspect.stack():

src/crewai/task.py

@@ -1,16 +1,25 @@
+import json
 import os
 import re
 import threading
 import uuid
-from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Type
+from concurrent.futures import Future
+from copy import copy
+from hashlib import md5
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Type, Union
 
 from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
+from opentelemetry.trace import Span
 from pydantic import UUID4, BaseModel, Field, field_validator, model_validator
 from pydantic_core import PydanticCustomError
 
-from crewai.agent import Agent
+from crewai.agents.agent_builder.base_agent import BaseAgent
+from crewai.tasks.output_format import OutputFormat
 from crewai.tasks.task_output import TaskOutput
-from crewai.utilities import I18N, Converter, ConverterError, Printer
+from crewai.telemetry.telemetry import Telemetry
+from crewai.utilities.converter import Converter, ConverterError
+from crewai.utilities.i18n import I18N
+from crewai.utilities.printer import Printer
 from crewai.utilities.pydantic_schema_parser import PydanticSchemaParser
 
 
@@ -41,7 +50,6 @@ class Task(BaseModel):
     tools_errors: int = 0
     delegations: int = 0
     i18n: I18N = I18N()
-    thread: Optional[threading.Thread] = None
     prompt_context: Optional[str] = None
     description: str = Field(description="Description of the actual task.")
     expected_output: str = Field(
@@ -54,7 +62,7 @@ class Task(BaseModel):
     callback: Optional[Any] = Field(
         description="Callback to be executed after the task is completed.", default=None
     )
-    agent: Optional[Agent] = Field(
+    agent: Optional[BaseAgent] = Field(
         description="Agent responsible for execution the task.", default=None
     )
     context: Optional[List["Task"]] = Field(
@@ -93,9 +101,16 @@ class Task(BaseModel):
         description="Whether the task should have a human review the final answer of the agent",
         default=False,
     )
+    converter_cls: Optional[Type[Converter]] = Field(
+        description="A converter class used to export structured output",
+        default=None,
+    )
 
+    _telemetry: Telemetry
+    _execution_span: Span | None = None
     _original_description: str | None = None
     _original_expected_output: str | None = None
+    _thread: threading.Thread | None = None
 
     def __init__(__pydantic_self__, **data):
         config = data.pop("config", {})
@@ -117,6 +132,12 @@ class Task(BaseModel):
             return value[1:]
         return value
 
+    @model_validator(mode="after")
+    def set_private_attrs(self) -> "Task":
+        """Set private attributes."""
+        self._telemetry = Telemetry()
+        return self
+
     @model_validator(mode="after")
     def set_attributes_based_on_config(self) -> "Task":
         """Set attributes based on the agent configuration."""
@@ -144,69 +165,102 @@ class Task(BaseModel):
             )
         return self
 
-    def execute(  # type: ignore # Missing return statement
+    def execute_sync(
         self,
-        agent: Agent | None = None,
+        agent: Optional[BaseAgent] = None,
         context: Optional[str] = None,
         tools: Optional[List[Any]] = None,
-    ) -> str:
-        """Execute the task.
+    ) -> TaskOutput:
+        """Execute the task synchronously."""
+        return self._execute_core(agent, context, tools)
 
-        Returns:
-            Output of the task.
-        """
+    @property
+    def key(self) -> str:
+        description = self._original_description or self.description
+        expected_output = self._original_expected_output or self.expected_output
+        source = [description, expected_output]
 
+        return md5("|".join(source).encode()).hexdigest()
+
+    def execute_async(
+        self,
+        agent: BaseAgent | None = None,
+        context: Optional[str] = None,
+        tools: Optional[List[Any]] = None,
+    ) -> Future[TaskOutput]:
+        """Execute the task asynchronously."""
+        future: Future[TaskOutput] = Future()
+        threading.Thread(
+            target=self._execute_task_async, args=(agent, context, tools, future)
+        ).start()
+        return future
+
+    def _execute_task_async(
+        self,
+        agent: Optional[BaseAgent],
+        context: Optional[str],
+        tools: Optional[List[Any]],
+        future: Future[TaskOutput],
+    ) -> None:
+        """Execute the task asynchronously with context handling."""
+        result = self._execute_core(agent, context, tools)
+        future.set_result(result)
+
+    def _execute_core(
+        self,
+        agent: Optional[BaseAgent],
+        context: Optional[str],
+        tools: Optional[List[Any]],
+    ) -> TaskOutput:
+        """Run the core execution logic of the task."""
         agent = agent or self.agent
+        self.agent = agent
         if not agent:
             raise Exception(
                 f"The task '{self.description}' has no agent assigned, therefore it can't be executed directly and should be executed in a Crew using a specific process that support that, like hierarchical."
             )
 
-        if self.context:
-            context = []  # type: ignore # Incompatible types in assignment (expression has type "list[Never]", variable has type "str | None")
-            for task in self.context:
-                if task.async_execution:
-                    task.thread.join()  # type: ignore # Item "None" of "Thread | None" has no attribute "join"
-                if task and task.output:
-                    context.append(task.output.raw_output)  # type: ignore # Item "str" of "str | None" has no attribute "append"
-            context = "\n".join(context)  # type: ignore # Argument 1 to "join" of "str" has incompatible type "str | None"; expected "Iterable[str]"
+        self._execution_span = self._telemetry.task_started(crew=agent.crew, task=self)
 
         self.prompt_context = context
-        tools = tools or self.tools
+        tools = tools or self.tools or []
 
-        if self.async_execution:
-            self.thread = threading.Thread(
-                target=self._execute, args=(agent, self, context, tools)
-            )
-            self.thread.start()
-        else:
-            result = self._execute(
-                task=self,
-                agent=agent,
-                context=context,
-                tools=tools,
-            )
-            return result
-
-    def _execute(self, agent, task, context, tools):
         result = agent.execute_task(
-            task=task,
+            task=self,
             context=context,
             tools=tools,
         )
 
-        exported_output = self._export_output(result)
+        pydantic_output, json_output = self._export_output(result)
 
-        self.output = TaskOutput(
+        task_output = TaskOutput(
             description=self.description,
-            exported_output=exported_output,
-            raw_output=result,
+            raw=result,
+            pydantic=pydantic_output,
+            json_dict=json_output,
+            agent=agent.role,
+            output_format=self._get_output_format(),
         )
+        self.output = task_output
 
         if self.callback:
             self.callback(self.output)
 
-        return exported_output
+        if self._execution_span:
+            self._telemetry.task_ended(self._execution_span, self, agent.crew)
+            self._execution_span = None
+
+        if self.output_file:
+            content = (
+                json_output
+                if json_output
+                else pydantic_output.model_dump_json()
+                if pydantic_output
+                else result
+            )
+            self._save_file(content)
+
+        return task_output
 
     def prompt(self) -> str:
         """Prompt the task.
@@ -241,61 +295,149 @@ class Task(BaseModel):
         """Increment the delegations counter."""
         self.delegations += 1
 
-    def _export_output(self, result: str) -> Any:
-        exported_result = result
-        instructions = "I'm gonna convert this raw text into valid JSON."
+    def copy(self, agents: List["BaseAgent"]) -> "Task":
+        """Create a deep copy of the Task."""
+        exclude = {
+            "id",
+            "agent",
+            "context",
+            "tools",
+        }
+
+        copied_data = self.model_dump(exclude=exclude)
+        copied_data = {k: v for k, v in copied_data.items() if v is not None}
+
+        cloned_context = (
+            [task.copy(agents) for task in self.context] if self.context else None
+        )
+
+        def get_agent_by_role(role: str) -> Union["BaseAgent", None]:
+            return next((agent for agent in agents if agent.role == role), None)
+
+        cloned_agent = get_agent_by_role(self.agent.role) if self.agent else None
+        cloned_tools = copy(self.tools) if self.tools else []
+
+        copied_task = Task(
+            **copied_data,
+            context=cloned_context,
+            agent=cloned_agent,
+            tools=cloned_tools,
+        )
+
+        return copied_task
+
+    def _create_converter(self, *args, **kwargs) -> Converter:
+        """Create a converter instance."""
+        if self.agent and not self.converter_cls:
+            converter = self.agent.get_output_converter(*args, **kwargs)
+        elif self.converter_cls:
+            converter = self.converter_cls(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        if not converter:
+            raise Exception("No output converter found or set.")
+
+        return converter
+
+    def _export_output(
+        self, result: str
+    ) -> Tuple[Optional[BaseModel], Optional[Dict[str, Any]]]:
+        pydantic_output: Optional[BaseModel] = None
+        json_output: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
 
         if self.output_pydantic or self.output_json:
-            model = self.output_pydantic or self.output_json
+            model_output = self._convert_to_model(result)
+            pydantic_output = (
+                model_output if isinstance(model_output, BaseModel) else None
+            )
+            if isinstance(model_output, str):
+                try:
+                    json_output = json.loads(model_output)
+                except json.JSONDecodeError:
+                    json_output = None
+            else:
+                json_output = model_output if isinstance(model_output, dict) else None
 
-            # try to convert task_output directly to pydantic/json
+        return pydantic_output, json_output
+
+    def _convert_to_model(self, result: str) -> Union[dict, BaseModel, str]:
+        model = self.output_pydantic or self.output_json
+        if model is None:
+            return result
+
+        try:
+            return self._validate_model(result, model)
+        except Exception:
+            return self._handle_partial_json(result, model)
+
+    def _validate_model(
+        self, result: str, model: Type[BaseModel]
+    ) -> Union[dict, BaseModel]:
+        exported_result = model.model_validate_json(result)
+        if self.output_json:
+            return exported_result.model_dump()
+        return exported_result
+
+    def _handle_partial_json(
+        self, result: str, model: Type[BaseModel]
+    ) -> Union[dict, BaseModel, str]:
+        match = re.search(r"({.*})", result, re.DOTALL)
+        if match:
             try:
-                exported_result = model.model_validate_json(result)  # type: ignore # Item "None" of "type[BaseModel] | None" has no attribute "model_validate_json"
+                exported_result = model.model_validate_json(match.group(0))
                 if self.output_json:
-                    return exported_result.model_dump()  # type: ignore # "str" has no attribute "model_dump"
+                    return exported_result.model_dump()
                 return exported_result
             except Exception:
-                # sometimes the response contains valid JSON in the middle of text
-                match = re.search(r"({.*})", result, re.DOTALL)
-                if match:
-                    try:
-                        exported_result = model.model_validate_json(match.group(0))  # type: ignore # Item "None" of "type[BaseModel] | None" has no attribute "model_validate_json"
-                        if self.output_json:
-                            return exported_result.model_dump()  # type: ignore # "str" has no attribute "model_dump"
-                        return exported_result
-                    except Exception:
-                        pass
+                pass
 
-            llm = self.agent.function_calling_llm or self.agent.llm  # type: ignore # Item "None" of "Agent | None" has no attribute "function_calling_llm"
+        return self._convert_with_instructions(result, model)
 
-            if not self._is_gpt(llm):
-                model_schema = PydanticSchemaParser(model=model).get_schema()  # type: ignore # Argument "model" to "PydanticSchemaParser" has incompatible type "type[BaseModel] | None"; expected "type[BaseModel]"
-                instructions = f"{instructions}\n\nThe json should have the following structure, with the following keys:\n{model_schema}"
+    def _convert_with_instructions(
+        self, result: str, model: Type[BaseModel]
+    ) -> Union[dict, BaseModel, str]:
+        llm = self.agent.function_calling_llm or self.agent.llm  # type: ignore # Item "None" of "BaseAgent | None" has no attribute "function_calling_llm"
+        instructions = self._get_conversion_instructions(model, llm)
 
-            converter = Converter(
-                llm=llm, text=result, model=model, instructions=instructions
+        converter = self._create_converter(
+            llm=llm, text=result, model=model, instructions=instructions
+        )
+        exported_result = (
+            converter.to_pydantic() if self.output_pydantic else converter.to_json()
+        )
+
+        if isinstance(exported_result, ConverterError):
+            Printer().print(
+                content=f"{exported_result.message} Using raw output instead.",
+                color="red",
             )
-
-            if self.output_pydantic:
-                exported_result = converter.to_pydantic()
-            elif self.output_json:
-                exported_result = converter.to_json()
-
-            if isinstance(exported_result, ConverterError):
-                Printer().print(
-                    content=f"{exported_result.message} Using raw output instead.",
-                    color="red",
-                )
-                exported_result = result
-
-        if self.output_file:
-            content = (
-                exported_result if not self.output_pydantic else exported_result.json()  # type: ignore # "str" has no attribute "json"
-            )
-            self._save_file(content)
+            return result
 
         return exported_result
 
+    def _get_output_format(self) -> OutputFormat:
+        if self.output_json:
+            return OutputFormat.JSON
+        if self.output_pydantic:
+            return OutputFormat.PYDANTIC
+        return OutputFormat.RAW
+
+    def _get_conversion_instructions(self, model: Type[BaseModel], llm: Any) -> str:
+        instructions = "I'm gonna convert this raw text into valid JSON."
+        if not self._is_gpt(llm):
+            model_schema = PydanticSchemaParser(model=model).get_schema()
+            instructions = f"{instructions}\n\nThe json should have the following structure, with the following keys:\n{model_schema}"
+        return instructions
+
+    def _save_output(self, content: str) -> None:
+        if not self.output_file:
+            raise Exception("Output file path is not set.")
+
+        directory = os.path.dirname(self.output_file)
+        if directory and not os.path.exists(directory):
+            os.makedirs(directory)
+        with open(self.output_file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as file:
+            file.write(content)
+
     def _is_gpt(self, llm) -> bool:
         return isinstance(llm, ChatOpenAI) and llm.openai_api_base is None
 
@@ -305,7 +447,7 @@ class Task(BaseModel):
         if directory and not os.path.exists(directory):
             os.makedirs(directory)
 
-        with open(self.output_file, "w", encoding='utf-8') as file:  # type: ignore # Argument 1 to "open" has incompatible type "str | None"; expected "int | str | bytes | PathLike[str] | PathLike[bytes]"
+        with open(self.output_file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as file:  # type: ignore # Argument 1 to "open" has incompatible type "str | None"; expected "int | str | bytes | PathLike[str] | PathLike[bytes]"
             file.write(result)
         return None
 

src/crewai/tasks/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+from crewai.tasks.output_format import OutputFormat
+from crewai.tasks.task_output import TaskOutput
+
+__all__ = ["OutputFormat", "TaskOutput"]

src/crewai/tasks/conditional_task.py

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+from typing import Any, Callable
+
+from pydantic import Field
+
+from crewai.task import Task
+from crewai.tasks.output_format import OutputFormat
+from crewai.tasks.task_output import TaskOutput
+
+
+class ConditionalTask(Task):
+    """
+    A task that can be conditionally executed based on the output of another task.
+    Note: This cannot be the only task you have in your crew and cannot be the first since its needs context from the previous task.
+    """
+
+    condition: Callable[[TaskOutput], bool] = Field(
+        default=None,
+        description="Maximum number of retries for an agent to execute a task when an error occurs.",
+    )
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        condition: Callable[[Any], bool],
+        **kwargs,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(**kwargs)
+        self.condition = condition
+
+    def should_execute(self, context: TaskOutput) -> bool:
+        """
+        Determines whether the conditional task should be executed based on the provided context.
+
+        Args:
+            context (Any): The context or output from the previous task that will be evaluated by the condition.
+
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if the task should be executed, False otherwise.
+        """
+        return self.condition(context)
+
+    def get_skipped_task_output(self):
+        return TaskOutput(
+            description=self.description,
+            raw="",
+            agent=self.agent.role if self.agent else "",
+            output_format=OutputFormat.RAW,
+        )

src/crewai/tasks/output_format.py

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+from enum import Enum
+
+
+class OutputFormat(str, Enum):
+    """Enum that represents the output format of a task."""
+
+    JSON = "json"
+    PYDANTIC = "pydantic"
+    RAW = "raw"

src/crewai/tasks/task_output.py

@@ -1,23 +1,60 @@
-from typing import Optional, Union
+import json
+from typing import Any, Dict, Optional
 
 from pydantic import BaseModel, Field, model_validator
 
+from crewai.tasks.output_format import OutputFormat
+
 
 class TaskOutput(BaseModel):
     """Class that represents the result of a task."""
 
     description: str = Field(description="Description of the task")
     summary: Optional[str] = Field(description="Summary of the task", default=None)
-    exported_output: Union[str, BaseModel] = Field(
-        description="Output of the task", default=None
+    raw: str = Field(description="Raw output of the task", default="")
+    pydantic: Optional[BaseModel] = Field(
+        description="Pydantic output of task", default=None
+    )
+    json_dict: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = Field(
+        description="JSON dictionary of task", default=None
+    )
+    agent: str = Field(description="Agent that executed the task")
+    output_format: OutputFormat = Field(
+        description="Output format of the task", default=OutputFormat.RAW
     )
-    raw_output: str = Field(description="Result of the task")
 
     @model_validator(mode="after")
     def set_summary(self):
+        """Set the summary field based on the description."""
         excerpt = " ".join(self.description.split(" ")[:10])
         self.summary = f"{excerpt}..."
         return self
 
-    def result(self):
-        return self.exported_output
+    @property
+    def json(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        if self.output_format != OutputFormat.JSON:
+            raise ValueError(
+                """
+                Invalid output format requested.
+                If you would like to access the JSON output,
+                please make sure to set the output_json property for the task
+                """
+            )
+
+        return json.dumps(self.json_dict)
+
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Convert json_output and pydantic_output to a dictionary."""
+        output_dict = {}
+        if self.json_dict:
+            output_dict.update(self.json_dict)
+        elif self.pydantic:
+            output_dict.update(self.pydantic.model_dump())
+        return output_dict
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        if self.pydantic:
+            return str(self.pydantic)
+        if self.json_dict:
+            return str(self.json_dict)
+        return self.raw

src/crewai/telemetry/telemetry.py

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import asyncio
 import json
 import os
 import platform
-from typing import Any
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
 
 import pkg_resources
 from opentelemetry import trace
@@ -10,7 +12,11 @@ from opentelemetry.exporter.otlp.proto.http.trace_exporter import OTLPSpanExport
 from opentelemetry.sdk.resources import SERVICE_NAME, Resource
 from opentelemetry.sdk.trace import TracerProvider
 from opentelemetry.sdk.trace.export import BatchSpanProcessor
-from opentelemetry.trace import Status, StatusCode
+from opentelemetry.trace import Span, Status, StatusCode
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from crewai.crew import Crew
+    from crewai.task import Task
 
 
 class Telemetry:
@@ -74,7 +80,7 @@ class Telemetry:
                 self.ready = False
                 self.trace_set = False
 
-    def crew_creation(self, crew):
+    def crew_creation(self, crew: Crew, inputs: dict[str, Any] | None):
         """Records the creation of a crew."""
         if self.ready:
             try:
@@ -86,11 +92,9 @@ class Telemetry:
                     pkg_resources.get_distribution("crewai").version,
                 )
                 self._add_attribute(span, "python_version", platform.python_version())
+                self._add_attribute(span, "crew_key", crew.key)
                 self._add_attribute(span, "crew_id", str(crew.id))
                 self._add_attribute(span, "crew_process", crew.process)
-                self._add_attribute(
-                    span, "crew_language", crew.prompt_file if crew.i18n else "None"
-                )
                 self._add_attribute(span, "crew_memory", crew.memory)
                 self._add_attribute(span, "crew_number_of_tasks", len(crew.tasks))
                 self._add_attribute(span, "crew_number_of_agents", len(crew.agents))
@@ -100,8 +104,11 @@ class Telemetry:
                     json.dumps(
                         [
                             {
+                                "key": agent.key,
                                 "id": str(agent.id),
                                 "role": agent.role,
+                                "goal": agent.goal,
+                                "backstory": agent.backstory,
                                 "verbose?": agent.verbose,
                                 "max_iter": agent.max_iter,
                                 "max_rpm": agent.max_rpm,
@@ -109,7 +116,7 @@ class Telemetry:
                                 "llm": json.dumps(self._safe_llm_attributes(agent.llm)),
                                 "delegation_enabled?": agent.allow_delegation,
                                 "tools_names": [
-                                    tool.name.casefold() for tool in agent.tools
+                                    tool.name.casefold() for tool in agent.tools or []
                                 ],
                             }
                             for agent in crew.agents
@@ -122,11 +129,21 @@ class Telemetry:
                     json.dumps(
                         [
                             {
+                                "key": task.key,
                                 "id": str(task.id),
+                                "description": task.description,
+                                "expected_output": task.expected_output,
                                 "async_execution?": task.async_execution,
+                                "human_input?": task.human_input,
                                 "agent_role": task.agent.role if task.agent else "None",
+                                "agent_key": task.agent.key if task.agent else None,
+                                "context": (
+                                    [task.description for task in task.context]
+                                    if task.context
+                                    else None
+                                ),
                                 "tools_names": [
-                                    tool.name.casefold() for tool in task.tools
+                                    tool.name.casefold() for tool in task.tools or []
                                 ],
                             }
                             for task in crew.tasks
@@ -138,6 +155,71 @@ class Telemetry:
                 self._add_attribute(span, "platform_system", platform.system())
                 self._add_attribute(span, "platform_version", platform.version())
                 self._add_attribute(span, "cpus", os.cpu_count())
+
+                if crew.share_crew:
+                    self._add_attribute(
+                        span, "crew_inputs", json.dumps(inputs) if inputs else None
+                    )
+
+                span.set_status(Status(StatusCode.OK))
+                span.end()
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+    def task_started(self, crew: Crew, task: Task) -> Span | None:
+        """Records task started in a crew."""
+        if self.ready:
+            try:
+                tracer = trace.get_tracer("crewai.telemetry")
+
+                created_span = tracer.start_span("Task Created")
+
+                self._add_attribute(created_span, "crew_key", crew.key)
+                self._add_attribute(created_span, "crew_id", str(crew.id))
+                self._add_attribute(created_span, "task_key", task.key)
+                self._add_attribute(created_span, "task_id", str(task.id))
+
+                if crew.share_crew:
+                    self._add_attribute(
+                        created_span, "formatted_description", task.description
+                    )
+                    self._add_attribute(
+                        created_span, "formatted_expected_output", task.expected_output
+                    )
+
+                created_span.set_status(Status(StatusCode.OK))
+                created_span.end()
+
+                span = tracer.start_span("Task Execution")
+
+                self._add_attribute(span, "crew_key", crew.key)
+                self._add_attribute(span, "crew_id", str(crew.id))
+                self._add_attribute(span, "task_key", task.key)
+                self._add_attribute(span, "task_id", str(task.id))
+
+                if crew.share_crew:
+                    self._add_attribute(span, "formatted_description", task.description)
+                    self._add_attribute(
+                        span, "formatted_expected_output", task.expected_output
+                    )
+
+                return span
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+        return None
+
+    def task_ended(self, span: Span, task: Task, crew: Crew):
+        """Records task execution in a crew."""
+        if self.ready:
+            try:
+                if crew.share_crew:
+                    self._add_attribute(
+                        span,
+                        "task_output",
+                        task.output.raw if task.output else "",
+                    )
+
                 span.set_status(Status(StatusCode.OK))
                 span.end()
             except Exception:
@@ -207,10 +289,12 @@ class Telemetry:
             except Exception:
                 pass
 
-    def crew_execution_span(self, crew):
+    def crew_execution_span(self, crew: Crew, inputs: dict[str, Any] | None):
         """Records the complete execution of a crew.
         This is only collected if the user has opted-in to share the crew.
         """
+        self.crew_creation(crew, inputs)
+
         if (self.ready) and (crew.share_crew):
             try:
                 tracer = trace.get_tracer("crewai.telemetry")
@@ -220,13 +304,18 @@ class Telemetry:
                     "crewai_version",
                     pkg_resources.get_distribution("crewai").version,
                 )
+                self._add_attribute(span, "crew_key", crew.key)
                 self._add_attribute(span, "crew_id", str(crew.id))
+                self._add_attribute(
+                    span, "crew_inputs", json.dumps(inputs) if inputs else None
+                )
                 self._add_attribute(
                     span,
                     "crew_agents",
                     json.dumps(
                         [
                             {
+                                "key": agent.key,
                                 "id": str(agent.id),
                                 "role": agent.role,
                                 "goal": agent.goal,
@@ -238,7 +327,7 @@ class Telemetry:
                                 "llm": json.dumps(self._safe_llm_attributes(agent.llm)),
                                 "delegation_enabled?": agent.allow_delegation,
                                 "tools_names": [
-                                    tool.name.casefold() for tool in agent.tools
+                                    tool.name.casefold() for tool in agent.tools or []
                                 ],
                             }
                             for agent in crew.agents
@@ -253,16 +342,18 @@ class Telemetry:
                             {
                                 "id": str(task.id),
                                 "description": task.description,
+                                "expected_output": task.expected_output,
                                 "async_execution?": task.async_execution,
-                                "output": task.expected_output,
+                                "human_input?": task.human_input,
                                 "agent_role": task.agent.role if task.agent else "None",
+                                "agent_key": task.agent.key if task.agent else None,
                                 "context": (
                                     [task.description for task in task.context]
                                     if task.context
-                                    else "None"
+                                    else None
                                 ),
                                 "tools_names": [
-                                    tool.name.casefold() for tool in task.tools
+                                    tool.name.casefold() for tool in task.tools or []
                                 ],
                             }
                             for task in crew.tasks
@@ -273,7 +364,7 @@ class Telemetry:
             except Exception:
                 pass
 
-    def end_crew(self, crew, output):
+    def end_crew(self, crew, final_string_output):
         if (self.ready) and (crew.share_crew):
             try:
                 self._add_attribute(
@@ -281,7 +372,9 @@ class Telemetry:
                     "crewai_version",
                     pkg_resources.get_distribution("crewai").version,
                 )
-                self._add_attribute(crew._execution_span, "crew_output", output)
+                self._add_attribute(
+                    crew._execution_span, "crew_output", final_string_output
+                )
                 self._add_attribute(
                     crew._execution_span,
                     "crew_tasks_output",

src/crewai/tools/agent_tools.py

@@ -1,80 +1,25 @@
-from typing import List, Union
-
 from langchain.tools import StructuredTool
-from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
 
-from crewai.agent import Agent
-from crewai.task import Task
-from crewai.utilities import I18N
+from crewai.agents.agent_builder.utilities.base_agent_tool import BaseAgentTools
 
 
-class AgentTools(BaseModel):
+class AgentTools(BaseAgentTools):
     """Default tools around agent delegation"""
 
-    agents: List[Agent] = Field(description="List of agents in this crew.")
-    i18n: I18N = Field(default=I18N(), description="Internationalization settings.")
-
     def tools(self):
+        coworkers = ", ".join([f"{agent.role}" for agent in self.agents])
         tools = [
             StructuredTool.from_function(
                 func=self.delegate_work,
-                name="Delegate work to co-worker",
+                name="Delegate work to coworker",
                 description=self.i18n.tools("delegate_work").format(
-                    coworkers=f"[{', '.join([f'{agent.role}' for agent in self.agents])}]"
+                    coworkers=coworkers
                 ),
             ),
             StructuredTool.from_function(
                 func=self.ask_question,
-                name="Ask question to co-worker",
-                description=self.i18n.tools("ask_question").format(
-                    coworkers=f"[{', '.join([f'{agent.role}' for agent in self.agents])}]"
-                ),
+                name="Ask question to coworker",
+                description=self.i18n.tools("ask_question").format(coworkers=coworkers),
             ),
         ]
         return tools
-
-    def delegate_work(self, task: str, context: str, coworker: Union[str, None] = None, **kwargs):
-        """Useful to delegate a specific task to a co-worker passing all necessary context and names."""
-        coworker = coworker or kwargs.get("co_worker") or kwargs.get("co-worker")
-        is_list = coworker.startswith("[") and coworker.endswith("]")
-        if is_list:
-            coworker = coworker[1:-1].split(",")[0]
-        return self._execute(coworker, task, context)
-
-    def ask_question(self, question: str, context: str, coworker: Union[str, None] = None, **kwargs):
-        """Useful to ask a question, opinion or take from a co-worker passing all necessary context and names."""
-        coworker = coworker or kwargs.get("co_worker") or kwargs.get("co-worker")
-        is_list = coworker.startswith("[") and coworker.endswith("]")
-        if is_list:
-            coworker = coworker[1:-1].split(",")[0]
-        return self._execute(coworker, question, context)
-
-    def _execute(self, agent, task, context):
-        """Execute the command."""
-        try:
-            agent = [
-                available_agent
-                for available_agent in self.agents
-                if available_agent.role.casefold().strip() == agent.casefold().strip()
-            ]
-        except Exception as _:
-            return self.i18n.errors("agent_tool_unexsiting_coworker").format(
-                coworkers="\n".join(
-                    [f"- {agent.role.casefold()}" for agent in self.agents]
-                )
-            )
-
-        if not agent:
-            return self.i18n.errors("agent_tool_unexsiting_coworker").format(
-                coworkers="\n".join(
-                    [f"- {agent.role.casefold()}" for agent in self.agents]
-                )
-            )
-
-        agent = agent[0]
-        task = Task(
-            description=task,
-            agent=agent,
-            expected_output="Your best answer to your co-worker asking you this, accounting for the context shared.",
-        )
-        return agent.execute_task(task, context)

src/crewai/tools/tool_calling.py

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ from pydantic.v1 import BaseModel, Field
 class ToolCalling(BaseModel):
     tool_name: str = Field(..., description="The name of the tool to be called.")
     arguments: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = Field(
-        ..., description="A dictinary of arguments to be passed to the tool."
+        ..., description="A dictionary of arguments to be passed to the tool."
     )
 
 
@@ -17,5 +17,5 @@ class InstructorToolCalling(PydanticBaseModel):
         ..., description="The name of the tool to be called."
     )
     arguments: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = PydanticField(
-        ..., description="A dictinary of arguments to be passed to the tool."
+        ..., description="A dictionary of arguments to be passed to the tool."
     )

src/crewai/tools/tool_usage.py

@@ -11,6 +11,11 @@ from crewai.telemetry import Telemetry
 from crewai.tools.tool_calling import InstructorToolCalling, ToolCalling
 from crewai.utilities import I18N, Converter, ConverterError, Printer
 
+try:
+    import agentops
+except ImportError:
+    agentops = None
+
 OPENAI_BIGGER_MODELS = ["gpt-4"]
 
 
@@ -45,6 +50,7 @@ class ToolUsage:
         tools_names: str,
         task: Any,
         function_calling_llm: Any,
+        agent: Any,
         action: Any,
     ) -> None:
         self._i18n: I18N = I18N()
@@ -53,6 +59,7 @@ class ToolUsage:
         self._run_attempts: int = 1
         self._max_parsing_attempts: int = 3
         self._remember_format_after_usages: int = 3
+        self.agent = agent
         self.tools_description = tools_description
         self.tools_names = tools_names
         self.tools_handler = tools_handler
@@ -98,7 +105,8 @@ class ToolUsage:
         tool_string: str,
         tool: BaseTool,
         calling: Union[ToolCalling, InstructorToolCalling],
-    ) -> None:  # TODO: Fix this return type
+    ) -> str:  # TODO: Fix this return type
+        tool_event = agentops.ToolEvent(name=calling.tool_name) if agentops else None
         if self._check_tool_repeated_usage(calling=calling):  # type: ignore # _check_tool_repeated_usage of "ToolUsage" does not return a value (it only ever returns None)
             try:
                 result = self._i18n.errors("task_repeated_usage").format(
@@ -111,7 +119,7 @@ class ToolUsage:
                     attempts=self._run_attempts,
                 )
                 result = self._format_result(result=result)  # type: ignore #  "_format_result" of "ToolUsage" does not return a value (it only ever returns None)
-                return result  # type: ignore # Fix the reutrn type of this function
+                return result  # type: ignore # Fix the return type of this function
 
             except Exception:
                 self.task.increment_tools_errors()
@@ -123,11 +131,15 @@ class ToolUsage:
                 tool=calling.tool_name, input=calling.arguments
             )
 
-        if not result:
+        original_tool = next(
+            (ot for ot in self.original_tools if ot.name == tool.name), None
+        )
+
+        if result is None:  #! finecwg: if not result --> if result is None
             try:
                 if calling.tool_name in [
-                    "Delegate work to co-worker",
-                    "Ask question to co-worker",
+                    "Delegate work to coworker",
+                    "Ask question to coworker",
                 ]:
                     self.task.increment_delegations()
 
@@ -139,16 +151,12 @@ class ToolUsage:
                             for k, v in calling.arguments.items()
                             if k in acceptable_args
                         }
-                        result = tool._run(**arguments)
+                        result = tool.invoke(input=arguments)
                     except Exception:
-                        if tool.args_schema:
-                            arguments = calling.arguments
-                            result = tool._run(**arguments)
-                        else:
-                            arguments = calling.arguments.values()  # type: ignore # Incompatible types in assignment (expression has type "dict_values[str, Any]", variable has type "dict[str, Any]")
-                            result = tool._run(*arguments)
+                        arguments = calling.arguments
+                        result = tool.invoke(input=arguments)
                 else:
-                    result = tool._run()
+                    result = tool.invoke(input={})
             except Exception as e:
                 self._run_attempts += 1
                 if self._run_attempts > self._max_parsing_attempts:
@@ -164,13 +172,14 @@ class ToolUsage:
                     return error  # type: ignore # No return value expected
 
                 self.task.increment_tools_errors()
+                if agentops:
+                    agentops.record(
+                        agentops.ErrorEvent(exception=e, trigger_event=tool_event)
+                    )
                 return self.use(calling=calling, tool_string=tool_string)  # type: ignore # No return value expected
 
             if self.tools_handler:
                 should_cache = True
-                original_tool = next(
-                    (ot for ot in self.original_tools if ot.name == tool.name), None
-                )
                 if (
                     hasattr(original_tool, "cache_function")
                     and original_tool.cache_function  # type: ignore # Item "None" of "Any | None" has no attribute "cache_function"
@@ -184,12 +193,29 @@ class ToolUsage:
                 )
 
         self._printer.print(content=f"\n\n{result}\n", color="purple")
+        if agentops:
+            agentops.record(tool_event)
         self._telemetry.tool_usage(
             llm=self.function_calling_llm,
             tool_name=tool.name,
             attempts=self._run_attempts,
         )
         result = self._format_result(result=result)  # type: ignore # "_format_result" of "ToolUsage" does not return a value (it only ever returns None)
+        data = {
+            "result": result,
+            "tool_name": tool.name,
+            "tool_args": calling.arguments,
+        }
+
+        if (
+            hasattr(original_tool, "result_as_answer")
+            and original_tool.result_as_answer  # type: ignore # Item "None" of "Any | None" has no attribute "cache_function"
+        ):
+            result_as_answer = original_tool.result_as_answer  # type: ignore # Item "None" of "Any | None" has no attribute "result_as_answer"
+            data["result_as_answer"] = result_as_answer
+
+        self.agent.tools_results.append(data)
+
         return result  # type: ignore # No return value expected
 
     def _format_result(self, result: Any) -> None:
@@ -290,7 +316,7 @@ class ToolUsage:
               Example:
               {"tool_name": "tool name", "arguments": {"arg_name1": "value", "arg_name2": 2}}""",
                     ),
-                    max_attemps=1,
+                    max_attempts=1,
                 )
                 calling = converter.to_pydantic()
 

src/crewai/translations/en.json

@@ -9,19 +9,19 @@
     "task": "\nCurrent Task: {input}\n\nBegin! This is VERY important to you, use the tools available and give your best Final Answer, your job depends on it!\n\nThought:",
     "memory": "\n\n# Useful context: \n{memory}",
     "role_playing": "You are {role}. {backstory}\nYour personal goal is: {goal}",
-    "tools": "\nYou ONLY have access to the following tools, and should NEVER make up tools that are not listed here:\n\n{tools}\n\nUse the following format:\n\nThought: you should always think about what to do\nAction: the action to take, only one name of [{tool_names}], just the name, exactly as it's written.\nAction Input: the input to the action, just a simple a python dictionary, enclosed in curly braces, using \" to wrap keys and values.\nObservation: the result of the action\n\nOnce all necessary information is gathered:\n\nThought: I now know the final answer\nFinal Answer: the final answer to the original input question\n",
+    "tools": "\nYou ONLY have access to the following tools, and should NEVER make up tools that are not listed here:\n\n{tools}\n\nUse the following format:\n\nThought: you should always think about what to do\nAction: the action to take, only one name of [{tool_names}], just the name, exactly as it's written.\nAction Input: the input to the action, just a simple python dictionary, enclosed in curly braces, using \" to wrap keys and values.\nObservation: the result of the action\n\nOnce all necessary information is gathered:\n\nThought: I now know the final answer\nFinal Answer: the final answer to the original input question\n",
     "no_tools": "To give my best complete final answer to the task use the exact following format:\n\nThought: I now can give a great answer\nFinal Answer: my best complete final answer to the task.\nYour final answer must be the great and the most complete as possible, it must be outcome described.\n\nI MUST use these formats, my job depends on it!",
     "format": "I MUST either use a tool (use one at time) OR give my best final answer. To Use the following format:\n\nThought: you should always think about what to do\nAction: the action to take, should be one of [{tool_names}]\nAction Input: the input to the action, dictionary enclosed in curly braces\nObservation: the result of the action\n... (this Thought/Action/Action Input/Observation can repeat N times)\nThought: I now can give a great answer\nFinal Answer: my best complete final answer to the task.\nYour final answer must be the great and the most complete as possible, it must be outcome described\n\n ",
     "final_answer_format": "If you don't need to use any more tools, you must give your best complete final answer, make sure it satisfy the expect criteria, use the EXACT format below:\n\nThought: I now can give a great answer\nFinal Answer: my best complete final answer to the task.\n\n",
     "format_without_tools": "\nSorry, I didn't use the right format. I MUST either use a tool (among the available ones), OR give my best final answer.\nI just remembered the expected format I must follow:\n\nQuestion: the input question you must answer\nThought: you should always think about what to do\nAction: the action to take, should be one of [{tool_names}]\nAction Input: the input to the action\nObservation: the result of the action\n... (this Thought/Action/Action Input/Observation can repeat N times)\nThought: I now can give a great answer\nFinal Answer: my best complete final answer to the task\nYour final answer must be the great and the most complete as possible, it must be outcome described\n\n",
     "task_with_context": "{task}\n\nThis is the context you're working with:\n{context}",
     "expected_output": "\nThis is the expect criteria for your final answer: {expected_output} \n you MUST return the actual complete content as the final answer, not a summary.",
-    "human_feedback": "You got human feedback on your work, re-avaluate it and give a new Final Answer when ready.\n {human_feedback}",
-    "getting_input": "This is the agent final answer: {final_answer}\nPlease provide a feedback: "
+    "human_feedback": "You got human feedback on your work, re-evaluate it and give a new Final Answer when ready.\n {human_feedback}",
+    "getting_input": "This is the agent's final answer: {final_answer}\nPlease provide feedback: "
   },
   "errors": {
     "force_final_answer": "Tool won't be use because it's time to give your final answer. Don't use tools and just your absolute BEST Final answer.",
-    "agent_tool_unexsiting_coworker": "\nError executing tool. Co-worker mentioned not found, it must to be one of the following options:\n{coworkers}\n",
+    "agent_tool_unexsiting_coworker": "\nError executing tool. coworker mentioned not found, it must be one of the following options:\n{coworkers}\n",
     "task_repeated_usage": "I tried reusing the same input, I must stop using this action input. I'll try something else instead.\n\n",
     "tool_usage_error": "I encountered an error: {error}",
     "tool_arguments_error": "Error: the Action Input is not a valid key, value dictionary.",
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
     "tool_usage_exception": "I encountered an error while trying to use the tool. This was the error: {error}.\n Tool {tool} accepts these inputs: {tool_inputs}"
   },
   "tools": {
-    "delegate_work": "Delegate a specific task to one of the following co-workers: {coworkers}\nThe input to this tool should be the co-worker, the task you want them to do, and ALL necessary context to execute the task, they know nothing about the task, so share absolute everything you know, don't reference things but instead explain them.",
-    "ask_question": "Ask a specific question to one of the following co-workers: {coworkers}\nThe input to this tool should be the co-worker, the question you have for them, and ALL necessary context to ask the question properly, they know nothing about the question, so share absolute everything you know, don't reference things but instead explain them."
+    "delegate_work": "Delegate a specific task to one of the following coworkers: {coworkers}\nThe input to this tool should be the coworker, the task you want them to do, and ALL necessary context to execute the task, they know nothing about the task, so share absolute everything you know, don't reference things but instead explain them.",
+    "ask_question": "Ask a specific question to one of the following coworkers: {coworkers}\nThe input to this tool should be the coworker, the question you have for them, and ALL necessary context to ask the question properly, they know nothing about the question, so share absolute everything you know, don't reference things but instead explain them."
   }
 }

src/crewai/utilities/__init__.py

@@ -1,9 +1,22 @@
 from .converter import Converter, ConverterError
+from .file_handler import FileHandler
 from .i18n import I18N
 from .instructor import Instructor
 from .logger import Logger
+from .parser import YamlParser
 from .printer import Printer
 from .prompts import Prompts
 from .rpm_controller import RPMController
-from .fileHandler import FileHandler
-from .parser import YamlParser
+
+__all__ = [
+    "Converter",
+    "ConverterError",
+    "FileHandler",
+    "I18N",
+    "Instructor",
+    "Logger",
+    "Printer",
+    "Prompts",
+    "RPMController",
+    "YamlParser",
+]

src/crewai/utilities/constants.py

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+TRAINING_DATA_FILE = "training_data.pkl"
+TRAINED_AGENTS_DATA_FILE = "trained_agents_data.pkl"

src/crewai/utilities/converter.py

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 import json
-from typing import Any, Optional
 
 from langchain.schema import HumanMessage, SystemMessage
 from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
-from pydantic import BaseModel, Field, PrivateAttr, model_validator
+
+from crewai.agents.agent_builder.utilities.base_output_converter import OutputConverter
 
 
 class ConverterError(Exception):
@@ -14,33 +14,18 @@ class ConverterError(Exception):
         self.message = message
 
 
-class Converter(BaseModel):
+class Converter(OutputConverter):
     """Class that converts text into either pydantic or json."""
 
-    _is_gpt: bool = PrivateAttr(default=True)
-    text: str = Field(description="Text to be converted.")
-    llm: Any = Field(description="The language model to be used to convert the text.")
-    model: Any = Field(description="The model to be used to convert the text.")
-    instructions: str = Field(description="Conversion instructions to the LLM.")
-    max_attemps: Optional[int] = Field(
-        description="Max number of attemps to try to get the output formated.",
-        default=3,
-    )
-
-    @model_validator(mode="after")
-    def check_llm_provider(self):
-        if not self._is_gpt(self.llm):
-            self._is_gpt = False
-
     def to_pydantic(self, current_attempt=1):
         """Convert text to pydantic."""
         try:
-            if self._is_gpt:
+            if self.is_gpt:
                 return self._create_instructor().to_pydantic()
             else:
                 return self._create_chain().invoke({})
         except Exception as e:
-            if current_attempt < self.max_attemps:
+            if current_attempt < self.max_attempts:
                 return self.to_pydantic(current_attempt + 1)
             return ConverterError(
                 f"Failed to convert text into a pydantic model due to the following error: {e}"
@@ -49,14 +34,14 @@ class Converter(BaseModel):
     def to_json(self, current_attempt=1):
         """Convert text to json."""
         try:
-            if self._is_gpt:
+            if self.is_gpt:
                 return self._create_instructor().to_json()
             else:
                 return json.dumps(self._create_chain().invoke({}).model_dump())
-        except Exception:
-            if current_attempt < self.max_attemps:
+        except Exception as e:
+            if current_attempt < self.max_attempts:
                 return self.to_json(current_attempt + 1)
-            return ConverterError("Failed to convert text into JSON.")
+            return ConverterError(f"Failed to convert text into JSON, error: {e}.")
 
     def _create_instructor(self):
         """Create an instructor."""
@@ -64,7 +49,7 @@ class Converter(BaseModel):
 
         inst = Instructor(
             llm=self.llm,
-            max_attemps=self.max_attemps,
+            max_attempts=self.max_attempts,
             model=self.model,
             content=self.text,
             instructions=self.instructions,
@@ -83,5 +68,7 @@ class Converter(BaseModel):
         )
         return new_prompt | self.llm | parser
 
-    def _is_gpt(self, llm) -> bool:  # type: ignore # BUG? Name "_is_gpt" defined on line 20 hides name from outer scope
-        return isinstance(llm, ChatOpenAI) and llm.openai_api_base is None
+    @property
+    def is_gpt(self) -> bool:
+        """Return if llm provided is of gpt from openai."""
+        return isinstance(self.llm, ChatOpenAI) and self.llm.openai_api_base is None

src/crewai/utilities/crew_json_encoder.py

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+from datetime import datetime
+import json
+from uuid import UUID
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+
+class CrewJSONEncoder(json.JSONEncoder):
+    def default(self, obj):
+        if isinstance(obj, BaseModel):
+            return self._handle_pydantic_model(obj)
+        elif isinstance(obj, UUID):
+            return str(obj)
+
+        elif isinstance(obj, datetime):
+            return obj.isoformat()
+        return super().default(obj)
+
+    def _handle_pydantic_model(self, obj):
+        try:
+            data = obj.model_dump()
+            # Remove circular references
+            for key, value in data.items():
+                if isinstance(value, BaseModel):
+                    data[key] = str(
+                        value
+                    )  # Convert nested models to string representation
+            return data
+        except RecursionError:
+            return str(
+                obj
+            )  # Fall back to string representation if circular reference is detected

src/crewai/utilities/crew_pydantic_output_parser.py

@@ -17,6 +17,16 @@ class CrewPydanticOutputParser(PydanticOutputParser):
 
     def parse_result(self, result: List[Generation], *, partial: bool = False) -> Any:
         result[0].text = self._transform_in_valid_json(result[0].text)
+
+        # Treating edge case of function calling llm returning the name instead of tool_name
+        json_object = json.loads(result[0].text)
+        json_object["tool_name"] = (
+            json_object["name"]
+            if "tool_name" not in json_object
+            else json_object["tool_name"]
+        )
+        result[0].text = json.dumps(json_object)
+
         json_object = super().parse_result(result)
         try:
             return self.pydantic_object.parse_obj(json_object)

src/crewai/utilities/evaluators/task_evaluator.py

@@ -6,6 +6,17 @@ from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
 from crewai.utilities import Converter
 from crewai.utilities.pydantic_schema_parser import PydanticSchemaParser
 
+agentops = None
+try:
+    from agentops import track_agent
+except ImportError:
+
+    def track_agent(name):
+        def noop(f):
+            return f
+
+        return noop
+
 
 class Entity(BaseModel):
     name: str = Field(description="The name of the entity.")
@@ -26,6 +37,19 @@ class TaskEvaluation(BaseModel):
     )
 
 
+class TrainingTaskEvaluation(BaseModel):
+    suggestions: List[str] = Field(
+        description="Based on the Human Feedbacks and the comparison between Initial Outputs and Improved outputs provide action items based on human_feedback for future tasks."
+    )
+    quality: float = Field(
+        description="A score from 0 to 10 evaluating on completion, quality, and overall performance from the improved output to the initial output based on the human feedback."
+    )
+    final_summary: str = Field(
+        description="A step by step action items to improve the next Agent based on the human-feedback and improved output."
+    )
+
+
+@track_agent(name="Task Evaluator")
 class TaskEvaluator:
     def __init__(self, original_agent):
         self.llm = original_agent.llm
@@ -59,3 +83,49 @@ class TaskEvaluator:
 
     def _is_gpt(self, llm) -> bool:
         return isinstance(llm, ChatOpenAI) and llm.openai_api_base is None
+
+    def evaluate_training_data(
+        self, training_data: dict, agent_id: str
+    ) -> TrainingTaskEvaluation:
+        """
+        Evaluate the training data based on the llm output, human feedback, and improved output.
+
+        Parameters:
+            - training_data (dict): The training data to be evaluated.
+            - agent_id (str): The ID of the agent.
+        """
+
+        output_training_data = training_data[agent_id]
+
+        final_aggregated_data = ""
+        for _, data in output_training_data.items():
+            final_aggregated_data += (
+                f"Initial Output:\n{data['initial_output']}\n\n"
+                f"Human Feedback:\n{data['human_feedback']}\n\n"
+                f"Improved Output:\n{data['improved_output']}\n\n"
+            )
+
+        evaluation_query = (
+            "Assess the quality of the training data based on the llm output, human feedback , and llm output improved result.\n\n"
+            f"{final_aggregated_data}"
+            "Please provide:\n"
+            "- Based on the Human Feedbacks and the comparison between Initial Outputs and Improved outputs provide action items based on human_feedback for future tasks\n"
+            "- A score from 0 to 10 evaluating on completion, quality, and overall performance from the improved output to the initial output based on the human feedback\n"
+        )
+        instructions = "I'm gonna convert this raw text into valid JSON."
+
+        if not self._is_gpt(self.llm):
+            model_schema = PydanticSchemaParser(
+                model=TrainingTaskEvaluation
+            ).get_schema()
+            instructions = f"{instructions}\n\nThe json should have the following structure, with the following keys:\n{model_schema}"
+
+        converter = Converter(
+            llm=self.llm,
+            text=evaluation_query,
+            model=TrainingTaskEvaluation,
+            instructions=instructions,
+        )
+
+        pydantic_result = converter.to_pydantic()
+        return pydantic_result

src/crewai/utilities/fileHandler.py

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-import os
-from datetime import datetime
-
-
-class FileHandler:
-    """take care of file operations, currently it only logs messages to a file"""
-
-    def __init__(self, file_path):
-        if isinstance(file_path, bool):
-            self._path = os.path.join(os.curdir, "logs.txt")
-        elif isinstance(file_path, str):
-            self._path = file_path
-        else:
-            raise ValueError("file_path must be either a boolean or a string.")
-
-    def log(self, **kwargs):
-        now = datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
-        message = f"{now}: ".join([f"{key}={value}" for key, value in kwargs.items()])
-        with open(self._path, "a") as file:
-            file.write(message + "\n")

src/crewai/utilities/file_handler.py

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+import os
+import pickle
+
+
+from datetime import datetime
+
+
+class FileHandler:
+    """take care of file operations, currently it only logs messages to a file"""
+
+    def __init__(self, file_path):
+        if isinstance(file_path, bool):
+            self._path = os.path.join(os.curdir, "logs.txt")
+        elif isinstance(file_path, str):
+            self._path = file_path
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("file_path must be either a boolean or a string.")
+
+    def log(self, **kwargs):
+        now = datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
+        message = f"{now}: ".join([f"{key}={value}" for key, value in kwargs.items()])
+        with open(self._path, "a", encoding="utf-8") as file:
+            file.write(message + "\n")
+
+
+class PickleHandler:
+    def __init__(self, file_name: str) -> None:
+        """
+        Initialize the PickleHandler with the name of the file where data will be stored.
+        The file will be saved in the current directory.
+
+        Parameters:
+        - file_name (str): The name of the file for saving and loading data.
+        """
+        self.file_path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), file_name)
+
+    def initialize_file(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Initialize the file with an empty dictionary if it does not exist or is empty.
+        """
+        if not os.path.exists(self.file_path) or os.path.getsize(self.file_path) == 0:
+            self.save({})  # Save an empty dictionary to initialize the file
+
+    def save(self, data) -> None:
+        """
+        Save the data to the specified file using pickle.
+
+        Parameters:
+        - data (object): The data to be saved.
+        """
+        with open(self.file_path, "wb") as file:
+            pickle.dump(data, file)
+
+    def load(self) -> dict:
+        """
+        Load the data from the specified file using pickle.
+
+        Returns:
+        - dict: The data loaded from the file.
+        """
+        if not os.path.exists(self.file_path) or os.path.getsize(self.file_path) == 0:
+            return {}  # Return an empty dictionary if the file does not exist or is empty
+
+        with open(self.file_path, "rb") as file:
+            try:
+                return pickle.load(file)
+            except EOFError:
+                return {}  # Return an empty dictionary if the file is empty or corrupted
+            except Exception:
+                raise  # Raise any other exceptions that occur during loading

src/crewai/utilities/formatter.py

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+from typing import List
+
+from crewai.task import Task
+from crewai.tasks.task_output import TaskOutput
+
+
+def aggregate_raw_outputs_from_task_outputs(task_outputs: List[TaskOutput]) -> str:
+    """Generate string context from the task outputs."""
+    dividers = "\n\n----------\n\n"
+
+    # Join task outputs with dividers
+    context = dividers.join(output.raw for output in task_outputs)
+    return context
+
+
+def aggregate_raw_outputs_from_tasks(tasks: List[Task]) -> str:
+    """Generate string context from the tasks."""
+    task_outputs = [task.output for task in tasks if task.output is not None]
+
+    return aggregate_raw_outputs_from_task_outputs(task_outputs)

src/crewai/utilities/logger.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from datetime import datetime
+
 from crewai.utilities.printer import Printer
 
 
@@ -13,4 +15,7 @@ class Logger:
     def log(self, level, message, color="bold_green"):
         level_map = {"debug": 1, "info": 2}
         if self.verbose_level and level_map.get(level, 0) <= self.verbose_level:
-            self._printer.print(f"[{level.upper()}]: {message}", color=color)
+            timestamp = datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
+            self._printer.print(
+                f"[{timestamp}][{level.upper()}]: {message}", color=color
+            )

src/crewai/utilities/planning_handler.py

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+from typing import List
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+from crewai.agent import Agent
+from crewai.task import Task
+
+
+class PlannerTaskPydanticOutput(BaseModel):
+    list_of_plans_per_task: List[str]
+
+
+class CrewPlanner:
+    def __init__(self, tasks: List[Task]):
+        self.tasks = tasks
+
+    def _handle_crew_planning(self):
+        """Handles the Crew planning by creating detailed step-by-step plans for each task."""
+        planning_agent = self._create_planning_agent()
+        tasks_summary = self._create_tasks_summary()
+
+        planner_task = self._create_planner_task(planning_agent, tasks_summary)
+
+        return planner_task.execute_sync()
+
+    def _create_planning_agent(self) -> Agent:
+        """Creates the planning agent for the crew planning."""
+        return Agent(
+            role="Task Execution Planner",
+            goal=(
+                "Your goal is to create an extremely detailed, step-by-step plan based on the tasks and tools "
+                "available to each agent so that they can perform the tasks in an exemplary manner"
+            ),
+            backstory="Planner agent for crew planning",
+        )
+
+    def _create_planner_task(self, planning_agent: Agent, tasks_summary: str) -> Task:
+        """Creates the planner task using the given agent and tasks summary."""
+        return Task(
+            description=(
+                f"Based on these tasks summary: {tasks_summary} \n Create the most descriptive plan based on the tasks "
+                "descriptions, tools available, and agents' goals for them to execute their goals with perfection."
+            ),
+            expected_output="Step by step plan on how the agents can execute their tasks using the available tools with mastery",
+            agent=planning_agent,
+            output_pydantic=PlannerTaskPydanticOutput,
+        )
+
+    def _create_tasks_summary(self) -> str:
+        """Creates a summary of all tasks."""
+        tasks_summary = []
+        for idx, task in enumerate(self.tasks):
+            tasks_summary.append(
+                f"""
+                Task Number {idx + 1} - {task.description}
+                "task_description": {task.description}
+                "task_expected_output": {task.expected_output}
+                "agent": {task.agent.role if task.agent else "None"}
+                "agent_goal": {task.agent.goal if task.agent else "None"}
+                "task_tools": {task.tools}
+                "agent_tools": {task.agent.tools if task.agent else "None"}
+                """
+            )
+        return " ".join(tasks_summary)