fix test due to asserting instructions model_schema change

* patching for non-gpt model

* removal of json_object tool name assignment

* fixed issue for smaller models due to instructions prompt

* fixing for ollama llama3 models

* closing brackets

* removed not used and fixes

docs/core-concepts/Crews.md

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ A crew in crewAI represents a collaborative group of agents working together to
 | **Manager Callbacks** _(optional)_    | `manager_callbacks`    | `manager_callbacks` takes a list of callback handlers to be executed by the manager agent when a hierarchical process is used.                                                                                                                            |
 | **Prompt File** _(optional)_          | `prompt_file`          | Path to the prompt JSON file to be used for the crew.                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
 | **Planning** *(optional)*             | `planning`             |  Adds planning ability to the Crew. When activated before each Crew iteration, all Crew data is sent to an AgentPlanner that will plan the tasks and this plan will be added to each task description.
+| **Planning LLM** *(optional)*         | `planning_llm`         | The language model used by the AgentPlanner in a planning process. |
 
 !!! note "Crew Max RPM"
 The `max_rpm` attribute sets the maximum number of requests per minute the crew can perform to avoid rate limits and will override individual agents' `max_rpm` settings if you set it.

docs/core-concepts/Planning.md

@@ -23,6 +23,25 @@ my_crew = Crew(
 
 From this point on, your crew will have planning enabled, and the tasks will be planned before each iteration.
 
+#### Planning LLM
+
+Now you can define the LLM that will be used to plan the tasks. You can use any ChatOpenAI LLM model available.
+
+```python
+from crewai import Crew, Agent, Task, Process
+from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
+
+# Assemble your crew with planning capabilities and custom LLM
+my_crew = Crew(
+    agents=self.agents,
+    tasks=self.tasks,
+    process=Process.sequential,
+    planning=True,
+    planning_llm=ChatOpenAI(model="gpt-4o")
+)
+```
+
+
 ### Example
 
 When running the base case example, you will see something like the following output, which represents the output of the AgentPlanner responsible for creating the step-by-step logic to add to the Agents tasks.

docs/core-concepts/Testing.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+title: crewAI Testing
+description: Learn how to test your crewAI Crew and evaluate their performance.
+---
+
+## Introduction
+
+Testing is a crucial part of the development process, and it is essential to ensure that your crew is performing as expected. And with crewAI, you can easily test your crew and evaluate its performance using the built-in testing capabilities.
+
+### Using the Testing Feature
+
+We added the CLI command `crewai test` to make it easy to test your crew. This command will run your crew for a specified number of iterations and provide detailed performance metrics.
+The parameters are `n_iterations` and `model` which are optional and default to 2 and `gpt-4o-mini` respectively. For now the only provider available is OpenAI.
+
+```bash
+crewai test
+```
+
+If you want to run more iterations or use a different model, you can specify the parameters like this:
+
+```bash
+crewai test --n_iterations 5 --model gpt-4o
+```
+
+What happens when you run the `crewai test` command is that the crew will be executed for the specified number of iterations, and the performance metrics will be displayed at the end of the run.
+
+A table of scores at the end will show the performance of the crew in terms of the following metrics:
+```
+                Task Scores
+          (1-10 Higher is better)
+┏━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
+┃ Tasks/Crew ┃ Run 1 ┃ Run 2 ┃ Avg. Total ┃
+┡━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
+│ Task 1     │ 10.0  │ 9.0   │ 9.5        │
+│ Task 2     │ 9.0   │ 9.0   │ 9.0        │
+│ Crew       │ 9.5   │ 9.0   │ 9.2        │
+└────────────┴───────┴───────┴────────────┘
+```
+
+The example above shows the test results for two runs of the crew with two tasks, with the average total score for each task and the crew as a whole.
+

mkdocs.yml

@@ -129,6 +129,7 @@ nav:
     - Training: 'core-concepts/Training-Crew.md'
     - Memory: 'core-concepts/Memory.md'
     - Planning: 'core-concepts/Planning.md'
+    - Testing: 'core-concepts/Testing.md'
     - Using LangChain Tools: 'core-concepts/Using-LangChain-Tools.md'
     - Using LlamaIndex Tools: 'core-concepts/Using-LlamaIndex-Tools.md'
   - How to Guides:

src/crewai/cli/templates/main.py

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ def test():
         "topic": "AI LLMs"
     }
     try:
-        {{crew_name}}Crew().crew().test(n_iterations=int(sys.argv[1]), model=sys.argv[2], inputs=inputs)
+        {{crew_name}}Crew().crew().test(n_iterations=int(sys.argv[1]), openai_model_name=sys.argv[2], inputs=inputs)
 
     except Exception as e:
         raise Exception(f"An error occurred while replaying the crew: {e}")

src/crewai/crew.py

@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ from crewai.utilities.constants import (
     TRAINED_AGENTS_DATA_FILE,
     TRAINING_DATA_FILE,
 )
+from crewai.utilities.evaluators.crew_evaluator_handler import CrewEvaluator
 from crewai.utilities.evaluators.task_evaluator import TaskEvaluator
 from crewai.utilities.formatter import (
     aggregate_raw_outputs_from_task_outputs,
@@ -154,6 +155,10 @@ class Crew(BaseModel):
         default=False,
         description="Plan the crew execution and add the plan to the crew.",
     )
+    planning_llm: Optional[Any] = Field(
+        default=None,
+        description="Language model that will run the AgentPlanner if planning is True.",
+    )
     task_execution_output_json_files: Optional[List[str]] = Field(
         default=None,
         description="List of file paths for task execution JSON files.",
@@ -266,20 +271,6 @@ class Crew(BaseModel):
 
         return self
 
-    @model_validator(mode="after")
-    def check_tasks_in_hierarchical_process_not_async(self):
-        """Validates that the tasks in hierarchical process are not flagged with async_execution."""
-        if self.process == Process.hierarchical:
-            for task in self.tasks:
-                if task.async_execution:
-                    raise PydanticCustomError(
-                        "async_execution_in_hierarchical_process",
-                        "Hierarchical process error: Tasks cannot be flagged with async_execution.",
-                        {},
-                    )
-
-        return self
-
     @model_validator(mode="after")
     def validate_end_with_at_most_one_async_task(self):
         """Validates that the crew ends with at most one asynchronous task."""
@@ -559,15 +550,12 @@ class Crew(BaseModel):
     def _handle_crew_planning(self):
         """Handles the Crew planning."""
         self._logger.log("info", "Planning the crew execution")
-        result = CrewPlanner(self.tasks)._handle_crew_planning()
+        result = CrewPlanner(
+            tasks=self.tasks, planning_agent_llm=self.planning_llm
+        )._handle_crew_planning()
 
-        if result is not None and hasattr(result, "list_of_plans_per_task"):
-            for task, step_plan in zip(self.tasks, result.list_of_plans_per_task):
-                task.description += step_plan
-        else:
-            self._logger.log(
-                "info", "Something went wrong with the planning process of the Crew"
-            )
+        for task, step_plan in zip(self.tasks, result.list_of_plans_per_task):
+            task.description += step_plan
 
     def _store_execution_log(
         self,
@@ -605,7 +593,7 @@ class Crew(BaseModel):
     def _run_hierarchical_process(self) -> CrewOutput:
         """Creates and assigns a manager agent to make sure the crew completes the tasks."""
         self._create_manager_agent()
-        return self._execute_tasks(self.tasks, self.manager_agent)
+        return self._execute_tasks(self.tasks)
 
     def _create_manager_agent(self):
         i18n = I18N(prompt_file=self.prompt_file)
@@ -629,7 +617,6 @@ class Crew(BaseModel):
     def _execute_tasks(
         self,
         tasks: List[Task],
-        manager: Optional[BaseAgent] = None,
         start_index: Optional[int] = 0,
         was_replayed: bool = False,
     ) -> CrewOutput:
@@ -657,13 +644,13 @@ class Crew(BaseModel):
                         last_sync_output = task.output
                 continue
 
-            agent_to_use = self._get_agent_to_use(task, manager)
+            agent_to_use = self._get_agent_to_use(task)
             if agent_to_use is None:
                 raise ValueError(
                     f"No agent available for task: {task.description}. Ensure that either the task has an assigned agent or a manager agent is provided."
                 )
 
-            self._prepare_agent_tools(task, manager)
+            self._prepare_agent_tools(task)
             self._log_task_start(task, agent_to_use.role)
 
             if isinstance(task, ConditionalTask):
@@ -729,20 +716,18 @@ class Crew(BaseModel):
             return skipped_task_output
         return None
 
-    def _prepare_agent_tools(self, task: Task, manager: Optional[BaseAgent]):
+    def _prepare_agent_tools(self, task: Task):
         if self.process == Process.hierarchical:
-            if manager:
-                self._update_manager_tools(task, manager)
+            if self.manager_agent:
+                self._update_manager_tools(task)
             else:
                 raise ValueError("Manager agent is required for hierarchical process.")
         elif task.agent and task.agent.allow_delegation:
             self._add_delegation_tools(task)
 
-    def _get_agent_to_use(
-        self, task: Task, manager: Optional[BaseAgent]
-    ) -> Optional[BaseAgent]:
+    def _get_agent_to_use(self, task: Task) -> Optional[BaseAgent]:
         if self.process == Process.hierarchical:
-            return manager
+            return self.manager_agent
         return task.agent
 
     def _add_delegation_tools(self, task: Task):
@@ -778,11 +763,14 @@ class Crew(BaseModel):
         if self.output_log_file:
             self._file_handler.log(agent=role, task=task.description, status="started")
 
-    def _update_manager_tools(self, task: Task, manager: BaseAgent):
-        if task.agent:
-            manager.tools = task.agent.get_delegation_tools([task.agent])
-        else:
-            manager.tools = manager.get_delegation_tools(self.agents)
+    def _update_manager_tools(self, task: Task):
+        if self.manager_agent:
+            if task.agent:
+                self.manager_agent.tools = task.agent.get_delegation_tools([task.agent])
+            else:
+                self.manager_agent.tools = self.manager_agent.get_delegation_tools(
+                    self.agents
+                )
 
     def _get_context(self, task: Task, task_outputs: List[TaskOutput]):
         context = (
@@ -881,7 +869,7 @@ class Crew(BaseModel):
             self.tasks[i].output = task_output
 
         self._logging_color = "bold_blue"
-        result = self._execute_tasks(self.tasks, self.manager_agent, start_index, True)
+        result = self._execute_tasks(self.tasks, start_index, True)
         return result
 
     def copy(self):
@@ -967,10 +955,19 @@ class Crew(BaseModel):
         return total_usage_metrics
 
     def test(
-        self, n_iterations: int, model: str, inputs: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
+        self,
+        n_iterations: int,
+        openai_model_name: str,
+        inputs: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
     ) -> None:
-        """Test the crew with the given inputs."""
-        pass
+        """Test and evaluate the Crew with the given inputs for n iterations."""
+        evaluator = CrewEvaluator(self, openai_model_name)
+
+        for i in range(1, n_iterations + 1):
+            evaluator.set_iteration(i)
+            self.kickoff(inputs=inputs)
+
+        evaluator.print_crew_evaluation_result()
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return f"Crew(id={self.id}, process={self.process}, number_of_agents={len(self.agents)}, number_of_tasks={len(self.tasks)})"

src/crewai/utilities/crew_pydantic_output_parser.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import json
-from typing import Any, List, Type, Union
+from typing import Any, List, Type
 
 import regex
 from langchain.output_parsers import PydanticOutputParser
@@ -7,29 +7,24 @@ from langchain_core.exceptions import OutputParserException
 from langchain_core.outputs import Generation
 from langchain_core.pydantic_v1 import ValidationError
 from pydantic import BaseModel
-from pydantic.v1 import BaseModel as V1BaseModel
 
 
 class CrewPydanticOutputParser(PydanticOutputParser):
     """Parses the text into pydantic models"""
 
-    pydantic_object: Union[Type[BaseModel], Type[V1BaseModel]]
+    pydantic_object: Type[BaseModel]
 
-    def parse_result(self, result: List[Generation], *, partial: bool = False) -> Any:
+    def parse_result(self, result: List[Generation]) -> Any:
         result[0].text = self._transform_in_valid_json(result[0].text)
 
         # Treating edge case of function calling llm returning the name instead of tool_name
         json_object = json.loads(result[0].text)
-        json_object["tool_name"] = (
-            json_object["name"]
-            if "tool_name" not in json_object
-            else json_object["tool_name"]
-        )
+        if "tool_name" not in json_object:
+            json_object["tool_name"] = json_object.get("name", "")
         result[0].text = json.dumps(json_object)
 
-        json_object = super().parse_result(result)
         try:
-            return self.pydantic_object.parse_obj(json_object)
+            return self.pydantic_object.model_validate(json_object)
         except ValidationError as e:
             name = self.pydantic_object.__name__
             msg = f"Failed to parse {name} from completion {json_object}. Got: {e}"

src/crewai/utilities/evaluators/crew_evaluator_handler.py

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+from collections import defaultdict
+
+from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
+from rich.console import Console
+from rich.table import Table
+
+from crewai.agent import Agent
+from crewai.task import Task
+from crewai.tasks.task_output import TaskOutput
+
+
+class TaskEvaluationPydanticOutput(BaseModel):
+    quality: float = Field(
+        description="A score from 1 to 10 evaluating on completion, quality, and overall performance from the task_description and task_expected_output to the actual Task Output."
+    )
+
+
+class CrewEvaluator:
+    """
+    A class to evaluate the performance of the agents in the crew based on the tasks they have performed.
+
+    Attributes:
+        crew (Crew): The crew of agents to evaluate.
+        openai_model_name (str): The model to use for evaluating the performance of the agents (for now ONLY OpenAI accepted).
+        tasks_scores (defaultdict): A dictionary to store the scores of the agents for each task.
+        iteration (int): The current iteration of the evaluation.
+    """
+
+    tasks_scores: defaultdict = defaultdict(list)
+    iteration: int = 0
+
+    def __init__(self, crew, openai_model_name: str):
+        self.crew = crew
+        self.openai_model_name = openai_model_name
+        self._setup_for_evaluating()
+
+    def _setup_for_evaluating(self) -> None:
+        """Sets up the crew for evaluating."""
+        for task in self.crew.tasks:
+            task.callback = self.evaluate
+
+    def set_iteration(self, iteration: int) -> None:
+        self.iteration = iteration
+
+    def _evaluator_agent(self):
+        return Agent(
+            role="Task Execution Evaluator",
+            goal=(
+                "Your goal is to evaluate the performance of the agents in the crew based on the tasks they have performed using score from 1 to 10 evaluating on completion, quality, and overall performance."
+            ),
+            backstory="Evaluator agent for crew evaluation with precise capabilities to evaluate the performance of the agents in the crew based on the tasks they have performed",
+            verbose=False,
+            llm=ChatOpenAI(model=self.openai_model_name),
+        )
+
+    def _evaluation_task(
+        self, evaluator_agent: Agent, task_to_evaluate: Task, task_output: str
+    ) -> Task:
+        return Task(
+            description=(
+                "Based on the task description and the expected output, compare and evaluate the performance of the agents in the crew based on the Task Output they have performed using score from 1 to 10 evaluating on completion, quality, and overall performance."
+                f"task_description: {task_to_evaluate.description} "
+                f"task_expected_output: {task_to_evaluate.expected_output} "
+                f"agent: {task_to_evaluate.agent.role if task_to_evaluate.agent else None} "
+                f"agent_goal: {task_to_evaluate.agent.goal if task_to_evaluate.agent else None} "
+                f"Task Output: {task_output}"
+            ),
+            expected_output="Evaluation Score from 1 to 10 based on the performance of the agents on the tasks",
+            agent=evaluator_agent,
+            output_pydantic=TaskEvaluationPydanticOutput,
+        )
+
+    def print_crew_evaluation_result(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Prints the evaluation result of the crew in a table.
+        A Crew with 2 tasks using the command crewai test -n 2
+        will output the following table:
+
+                        Task Scores
+                    (1-10 Higher is better)
+            ┏━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
+            ┃ Tasks/Crew ┃ Run 1 ┃ Run 2 ┃ Avg. Total ┃
+            ┡━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
+            │ Task 1     │ 10.0  │ 9.0   │ 9.5        │
+            │ Task 2     │ 9.0   │ 9.0   │ 9.0        │
+            │ Crew       │ 9.5   │ 9.0   │ 9.2        │
+            └────────────┴───────┴───────┴────────────┘
+        """
+        task_averages = [
+            sum(scores) / len(scores) for scores in zip(*self.tasks_scores.values())
+        ]
+        crew_average = sum(task_averages) / len(task_averages)
+
+        # Create a table
+        table = Table(title="Tasks Scores \n (1-10 Higher is better)")
+
+        # Add columns for the table
+        table.add_column("Tasks/Crew")
+        for run in range(1, len(self.tasks_scores) + 1):
+            table.add_column(f"Run {run}")
+        table.add_column("Avg. Total")
+
+        # Add rows for each task
+        for task_index in range(len(task_averages)):
+            task_scores = [
+                self.tasks_scores[run][task_index]
+                for run in range(1, len(self.tasks_scores) + 1)
+            ]
+            avg_score = task_averages[task_index]
+            table.add_row(
+                f"Task {task_index + 1}", *map(str, task_scores), f"{avg_score:.1f}"
+            )
+
+        # Add a row for the crew average
+        crew_scores = [
+            sum(self.tasks_scores[run]) / len(self.tasks_scores[run])
+            for run in range(1, len(self.tasks_scores) + 1)
+        ]
+        table.add_row("Crew", *map(str, crew_scores), f"{crew_average:.1f}")
+
+        # Display the table in the terminal
+        console = Console()
+        console.print(table)
+
+    def evaluate(self, task_output: TaskOutput):
+        """Evaluates the performance of the agents in the crew based on the tasks they have performed."""
+        current_task = None
+        for task in self.crew.tasks:
+            if task.description == task_output.description:
+                current_task = task
+                break
+
+        if not current_task or not task_output:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Task to evaluate and task output are required for evaluation"
+            )
+
+        evaluator_agent = self._evaluator_agent()
+        evaluation_task = self._evaluation_task(
+            evaluator_agent, current_task, task_output.raw
+        )
+
+        evaluation_result = evaluation_task.execute_sync()
+
+        if isinstance(evaluation_result.pydantic, TaskEvaluationPydanticOutput):
+            self.tasks_scores[self.iteration].append(evaluation_result.pydantic.quality)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Evaluation result is not in the expected format")

src/crewai/utilities/evaluators/task_evaluator.py

@@ -66,11 +66,11 @@ class TaskEvaluator:
             "- Entities extracted from the task output, if any, their type, description, and relationships"
         )
 
-        instructions = "I'm gonna convert this raw text into valid JSON."
+        instructions = "Convert all responses into valid JSON output."
 
         if not self._is_gpt(self.llm):
             model_schema = PydanticSchemaParser(model=TaskEvaluation).get_schema()
-            instructions = f"{instructions}\n\nThe json should have the following structure, with the following keys:\n{model_schema}"
+            instructions = f"{instructions}\n\nReturn only valid JSON with the following schema:\n```json\n{model_schema}\n```"
 
         converter = Converter(
             llm=self.llm,

src/crewai/utilities/planning_handler.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-from typing import List, Optional
+from typing import Any, List, Optional
 
+from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
 from pydantic import BaseModel
 
 from crewai.agent import Agent
@@ -11,17 +12,27 @@ class PlannerTaskPydanticOutput(BaseModel):
 
 
 class CrewPlanner:
-    def __init__(self, tasks: List[Task]):
+    def __init__(self, tasks: List[Task], planning_agent_llm: Optional[Any] = None):
         self.tasks = tasks
 
-    def _handle_crew_planning(self) -> Optional[BaseModel]:
+        if planning_agent_llm is None:
+            self.planning_agent_llm = ChatOpenAI(model="gpt-4o-mini")
+        else:
+            self.planning_agent_llm = planning_agent_llm
+
+    def _handle_crew_planning(self) -> PlannerTaskPydanticOutput:
         """Handles the Crew planning by creating detailed step-by-step plans for each task."""
         planning_agent = self._create_planning_agent()
         tasks_summary = self._create_tasks_summary()
 
         planner_task = self._create_planner_task(planning_agent, tasks_summary)
 
-        return planner_task.execute_sync().pydantic
+        result = planner_task.execute_sync()
+
+        if isinstance(result.pydantic, PlannerTaskPydanticOutput):
+            return result.pydantic
+
+        raise ValueError("Failed to get the Planning output")
 
     def _create_planning_agent(self) -> Agent:
         """Creates the planning agent for the crew planning."""
@@ -32,6 +43,7 @@ class CrewPlanner:
                 "available to each agent so that they can perform the tasks in an exemplary manner"
             ),
             backstory="Planner agent for crew planning",
+            llm=self.planning_agent_llm,
         )
 
     def _create_planner_task(self, planning_agent: Agent, tasks_summary: str) -> Task:

src/crewai/utilities/pydantic_schema_parser.py

@@ -16,11 +16,13 @@ class PydanticSchemaParser(BaseModel):
         return self._get_model_schema(self.model)
 
     def _get_model_schema(self, model, depth=0) -> str:
-        lines = []
+        indent = "    " * depth
+        lines = [f"{indent}{{"]
         for field_name, field in model.model_fields.items():
             field_type_str = self._get_field_type(field, depth + 1)
-            lines.append(f"{' ' * 4 * depth}- {field_name}: {field_type_str}")
-
+            lines.append(f"{indent}    {field_name}: {field_type_str},")
+        lines[-1] = lines[-1].rstrip(",")  # Remove trailing comma from last item
+        lines.append(f"{indent}}}")
         return "\n".join(lines)
 
     def _get_field_type(self, field, depth) -> str:
@@ -35,6 +37,6 @@ class PydanticSchemaParser(BaseModel):
             else:
                 return f"List[{list_item_type.__name__}]"
         elif issubclass(field_type, BaseModel):
-            return f"\n{self._get_model_schema(field_type, depth)}"
+            return self._get_model_schema(field_type, depth)
         else:
             return field_type.__name__

tests/crew_test.py

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
 
 import pydantic_core
 import pytest
+
 from crewai.agent import Agent
 from crewai.agents.cache import CacheHandler
 from crewai.crew import Crew
@@ -1355,28 +1356,66 @@ def test_hierarchical_crew_creation_tasks_with_agents():
 
 @pytest.mark.vcr(filter_headers=["authorization"])
 def test_hierarchical_crew_creation_tasks_with_async_execution():
+    """
+    Agents are not required for tasks in a hierarchical process but sometimes they are still added
+    This test makes sure that the manager still delegates the task to the agent even if the agent is passed in the task
+    """
     from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
 
     task = Task(
-        description="Come up with a list of 5 interesting ideas to explore for an article, then write one amazing paragraph highlight for each idea that showcases how good an article about this topic could be. Return the list of ideas with their paragraph and your notes.",
-        expected_output="5 bullet points with a paragraph for each idea.",
-        async_execution=True,  # should throw an error
+        description="Write one amazing paragraph about AI.",
+        expected_output="A single paragraph with 4 sentences.",
+        agent=writer,
+        async_execution=True,
     )
 
-    with pytest.raises(pydantic_core._pydantic_core.ValidationError) as exec_info:
-        Crew(
-            tasks=[task],
-            agents=[researcher],
-            process=Process.hierarchical,
-            manager_llm=ChatOpenAI(model="gpt-4o"),
-        )
-
-    assert (
-        exec_info.value.errors()[0]["type"] == "async_execution_in_hierarchical_process"
+    crew = Crew(
+        tasks=[task],
+        agents=[writer, researcher, ceo],
+        process=Process.hierarchical,
+        manager_llm=ChatOpenAI(model="gpt-4o"),
     )
-    assert (
-        "Hierarchical process error: Tasks cannot be flagged with async_execution."
-        in exec_info.value.errors()[0]["msg"]
+
+    crew.kickoff()
+    assert crew.manager_agent is not None
+    assert crew.manager_agent.tools is not None
+    assert crew.manager_agent.tools[0].description.startswith(
+        "Delegate a specific task to one of the following coworkers: Senior Writer\n"
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.vcr(filter_headers=["authorization"])
+def test_hierarchical_crew_creation_tasks_with_sync_last():
+    """
+    Agents are not required for tasks in a hierarchical process but sometimes they are still added
+    This test makes sure that the manager still delegates the task to the agent even if the agent is passed in the task
+    """
+    from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
+
+    task = Task(
+        description="Write one amazing paragraph about AI.",
+        expected_output="A single paragraph with 4 sentences.",
+        agent=writer,
+        async_execution=True,
+    )
+    task2 = Task(
+        description="Write one amazing paragraph about AI.",
+        expected_output="A single paragraph with 4 sentences.",
+        async_execution=False,
+    )
+
+    crew = Crew(
+        tasks=[task, task2],
+        agents=[writer, researcher, ceo],
+        process=Process.hierarchical,
+        manager_llm=ChatOpenAI(model="gpt-4o"),
+    )
+
+    crew.kickoff()
+    assert crew.manager_agent is not None
+    assert crew.manager_agent.tools is not None
+    assert crew.manager_agent.tools[0].description.startswith(
+        "Delegate a specific task to one of the following coworkers: Senior Writer, Researcher, CEO\n"
     )
 
 
@@ -2499,3 +2538,34 @@ def test_conditional_should_execute():
         assert condition_mock.call_count == 1
         assert condition_mock() is True
         assert mock_execute_sync.call_count == 2
+
+
+@mock.patch("crewai.crew.CrewEvaluator")
+@mock.patch("crewai.crew.Crew.kickoff")
+def test_crew_testing_function(mock_kickoff, crew_evaluator):
+    task = Task(
+        description="Come up with a list of 5 interesting ideas to explore for an article, then write one amazing paragraph highlight for each idea that showcases how good an article about this topic could be. Return the list of ideas with their paragraph and your notes.",
+        expected_output="5 bullet points with a paragraph for each idea.",
+        agent=researcher,
+    )
+
+    crew = Crew(
+        agents=[researcher],
+        tasks=[task],
+    )
+    n_iterations = 2
+    crew.test(n_iterations, openai_model_name="gpt-4o-mini", inputs={"topic": "AI"})
+
+    assert len(mock_kickoff.mock_calls) == n_iterations
+    mock_kickoff.assert_has_calls(
+        [mock.call(inputs={"topic": "AI"}), mock.call(inputs={"topic": "AI"})]
+    )
+
+    crew_evaluator.assert_has_calls(
+        [
+            mock.call(crew, "gpt-4o-mini"),
+            mock.call().set_iteration(1),
+            mock.call().set_iteration(2),
+            mock.call().print_crew_evaluation_result(),
+        ]
+    )

tests/utilities/evaluators/test_crew_evaluator_handler.py

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+from unittest import mock
+
+import pytest
+
+from crewai.agent import Agent
+from crewai.crew import Crew
+from crewai.task import Task
+from crewai.tasks.task_output import TaskOutput
+from crewai.utilities.evaluators.crew_evaluator_handler import (
+    CrewEvaluator,
+    TaskEvaluationPydanticOutput,
+)
+
+
+class TestCrewEvaluator:
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def crew_planner(self):
+        agent = Agent(role="Agent 1", goal="Goal 1", backstory="Backstory 1")
+        task = Task(
+            description="Task 1",
+            expected_output="Output 1",
+            agent=agent,
+        )
+        crew = Crew(agents=[agent], tasks=[task])
+
+        return CrewEvaluator(crew, openai_model_name="gpt-4o-mini")
+
+    def test_setup_for_evaluating(self, crew_planner):
+        crew_planner._setup_for_evaluating()
+        assert crew_planner.crew.tasks[0].callback == crew_planner.evaluate
+
+    def test_set_iteration(self, crew_planner):
+        crew_planner.set_iteration(1)
+        assert crew_planner.iteration == 1
+
+    def test_evaluator_agent(self, crew_planner):
+        agent = crew_planner._evaluator_agent()
+        assert agent.role == "Task Execution Evaluator"
+        assert (
+            agent.goal
+            == "Your goal is to evaluate the performance of the agents in the crew based on the tasks they have performed using score from 1 to 10 evaluating on completion, quality, and overall performance."
+        )
+        assert (
+            agent.backstory
+            == "Evaluator agent for crew evaluation with precise capabilities to evaluate the performance of the agents in the crew based on the tasks they have performed"
+        )
+        assert agent.verbose is False
+        assert agent.llm.model_name == "gpt-4o-mini"
+
+    def test_evaluation_task(self, crew_planner):
+        evaluator_agent = Agent(
+            role="Evaluator Agent",
+            goal="Evaluate the performance of the agents in the crew",
+            backstory="Master in Evaluation",
+        )
+        task_to_evaluate = Task(
+            description="Task 1",
+            expected_output="Output 1",
+            agent=Agent(role="Agent 1", goal="Goal 1", backstory="Backstory 1"),
+        )
+        task_output = "Task Output 1"
+        task = crew_planner._evaluation_task(
+            evaluator_agent, task_to_evaluate, task_output
+        )
+
+        assert task.description.startswith(
+            "Based on the task description and the expected output, compare and evaluate the performance of the agents in the crew based on the Task Output they have performed using score from 1 to 10 evaluating on completion, quality, and overall performance."
+        )
+
+        assert task.agent == evaluator_agent
+        assert (
+            task.description
+            == "Based on the task description and the expected output, compare and evaluate "
+            "the performance of the agents in the crew based on the Task Output they have "
+            "performed using score from 1 to 10 evaluating on completion, quality, and overall "
+            "performance.task_description: Task 1 task_expected_output: Output 1 "
+            "agent: Agent 1 agent_goal: Goal 1 Task Output: Task Output 1"
+        )
+
+    @mock.patch("crewai.utilities.evaluators.crew_evaluator_handler.Console")
+    @mock.patch("crewai.utilities.evaluators.crew_evaluator_handler.Table")
+    def test_print_crew_evaluation_result(self, table, console, crew_planner):
+        crew_planner.tasks_scores = {
+            1: [10, 9, 8],
+            2: [9, 8, 7],
+        }
+
+        crew_planner.print_crew_evaluation_result()
+
+        table.assert_has_calls(
+            [
+                mock.call(title="Tasks Scores \n (1-10 Higher is better)"),
+                mock.call().add_column("Tasks/Crew"),
+                mock.call().add_column("Run 1"),
+                mock.call().add_column("Run 2"),
+                mock.call().add_column("Avg. Total"),
+                mock.call().add_row("Task 1", "10", "9", "9.5"),
+                mock.call().add_row("Task 2", "9", "8", "8.5"),
+                mock.call().add_row("Task 3", "8", "7", "7.5"),
+                mock.call().add_row("Crew", "9.0", "8.0", "8.5"),
+            ]
+        )
+        console.assert_has_calls([mock.call(), mock.call().print(table())])
+
+    def test_evaluate(self, crew_planner):
+        task_output = TaskOutput(
+            description="Task 1", agent=str(crew_planner.crew.agents[0])
+        )
+
+        with mock.patch.object(Task, "execute_sync") as execute:
+            execute().pydantic = TaskEvaluationPydanticOutput(quality=9.5)
+            crew_planner.evaluate(task_output)
+            assert crew_planner.tasks_scores[0] == [9.5]

tests/utilities/evaluators/test_task_evaluator.py

@@ -56,8 +56,7 @@ def test_evaluate_training_data(converter_mock):
                 "based on the human feedback\n",
                 model=TrainingTaskEvaluation,
                 instructions="I'm gonna convert this raw text into valid JSON.\n\nThe json should have the "
-                "following structure, with the following keys:\n- suggestions: List[str]\n- "
-                "quality: float\n- final_summary: str",
+                "following structure, with the following keys:\n{\n    suggestions: List[str],\n    quality: float,\n    final_summary: str\n}",
             ),
             mock.call().to_pydantic(),
         ]

tests/utilities/test_planning_handler.py

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 from unittest.mock import patch
-from crewai.tasks.task_output import TaskOutput
 
 import pytest
+from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
 
 from crewai.agent import Agent
 from crewai.task import Task
+from crewai.tasks.task_output import TaskOutput
 from crewai.utilities.planning_handler import CrewPlanner, PlannerTaskPydanticOutput
 
 
@@ -28,7 +29,19 @@ class TestCrewPlanner:
                 agent=Agent(role="Agent 3", goal="Goal 3", backstory="Backstory 3"),
             ),
         ]
-        return CrewPlanner(tasks)
+        return CrewPlanner(tasks, None)
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def crew_planner_different_llm(self):
+        tasks = [
+            Task(
+                description="Task 1",
+                expected_output="Output 1",
+                agent=Agent(role="Agent 1", goal="Goal 1", backstory="Backstory 1"),
+            )
+        ]
+        planning_agent_llm = ChatOpenAI(model="gpt-3.5-turbo")
+        return CrewPlanner(tasks, planning_agent_llm)
 
     def test_handle_crew_planning(self, crew_planner):
         with patch.object(Task, "execute_sync") as execute:
@@ -40,7 +53,7 @@ class TestCrewPlanner:
                 ),
             )
             result = crew_planner._handle_crew_planning()
-
+            assert crew_planner.planning_agent_llm.model_name == "gpt-4o-mini"
             assert isinstance(result, PlannerTaskPydanticOutput)
             assert len(result.list_of_plans_per_task) == len(crew_planner.tasks)
             execute.assert_called_once()
@@ -72,3 +85,22 @@ class TestCrewPlanner:
         assert isinstance(tasks_summary, str)
         assert tasks_summary.startswith("\n                Task Number 1 - Task 1")
         assert tasks_summary.endswith('"agent_tools": []\n                ')
+
+    def test_handle_crew_planning_different_llm(self, crew_planner_different_llm):
+        with patch.object(Task, "execute_sync") as execute:
+            execute.return_value = TaskOutput(
+                description="Description",
+                agent="agent",
+                pydantic=PlannerTaskPydanticOutput(list_of_plans_per_task=["Plan 1"]),
+            )
+            result = crew_planner_different_llm._handle_crew_planning()
+
+            assert (
+                crew_planner_different_llm.planning_agent_llm.model_name
+                == "gpt-3.5-turbo"
+            )
+            assert isinstance(result, PlannerTaskPydanticOutput)
+            assert len(result.list_of_plans_per_task) == len(
+                crew_planner_different_llm.tasks
+            )
+            execute.assert_called_once()