Compare commits

...

5 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Thiago Moretto
7c29545afb Extract module name 2026-01-28 21:31:41 -03:00
Thiago Moretto
028db9dbbc Priting out detected tools 2026-01-28 20:35:02 -03:00
Thiago Moretto
08fc6ac6f9 Remove debug message + code simplification 2026-01-28 20:27:18 -03:00
Thiago Moretto
31092293e5 Fix payload (nest under tools key) 2026-01-28 10:12:50 -03:00
Thiago Moretto
0600843299 Exporting tool's metadata to AMP - initial work 2026-01-28 10:12:05 -03:00
6 changed files with 627 additions and 2 deletions

View File

@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ class PlusAPI:
description: str | None,
encoded_file: str,
available_exports: list[dict[str, Any]] | None = None,
tools_metadata: list[dict[str, Any]] | None = None,
) -> requests.Response:
params = {
"handle": handle,
@@ -68,6 +69,7 @@ class PlusAPI:
"file": encoded_file,
"description": description,
"available_exports": available_exports,
"tools_metadata": {"package": handle, "tools": tools_metadata} if tools_metadata else None,
}
return self._make_request("POST", f"{self.TOOLS_RESOURCE}", json=params)

View File

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ from crewai.cli.constants import DEFAULT_CREWAI_ENTERPRISE_URL
from crewai.cli.utils import (
build_env_with_tool_repository_credentials,
extract_available_exports,
extract_tools_metadata,
get_project_description,
get_project_name,
get_project_version,
@@ -94,6 +95,18 @@ class ToolCommand(BaseCommand, PlusAPIMixin):
console.print(
f"[green]Found these tools to publish: {', '.join([e['name'] for e in available_exports])}[/green]"
)
console.print("[bold blue]Extracting tool metadata...[/bold blue]")
try:
tools_metadata = extract_tools_metadata()
except Exception as e:
console.print(
f"[yellow]Warning: Could not extract tool metadata: {e}[/yellow]\n"
f"Publishing will continue without detailed metadata."
)
tools_metadata = []
self._print_tools_preview(tools_metadata)
self._print_current_organization()
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_build_dir:
@@ -111,7 +124,7 @@ class ToolCommand(BaseCommand, PlusAPIMixin):
"Project build failed. Please ensure that the command `uv build --sdist` completes successfully.",
style="bold red",
)
raise SystemExit
raise SystemExit(1)
tarball_path = os.path.join(temp_build_dir, tarball_filename)
with open(tarball_path, "rb") as file:
@@ -127,6 +140,7 @@ class ToolCommand(BaseCommand, PlusAPIMixin):
description=project_description,
encoded_file=f"data:application/x-gzip;base64,{encoded_tarball}",
available_exports=available_exports,
tools_metadata=tools_metadata,
)
self._validate_response(publish_response)
@@ -237,6 +251,41 @@ class ToolCommand(BaseCommand, PlusAPIMixin):
)
raise SystemExit
def _print_tools_preview(self, tools_metadata: list[dict[str, Any]]) -> None:
if not tools_metadata:
console.print("[yellow]No tool metadata extracted.[/yellow]")
return
console.print(f"\n[bold]Tools to be published ({len(tools_metadata)}):[/bold]\n")
for tool in tools_metadata:
console.print(f" [bold cyan]{tool.get('name', 'Unknown')}[/bold cyan]")
if tool.get("module"):
console.print(f" Module: {tool.get('module')}")
console.print(f" Name: {tool.get('humanized_name', 'N/A')}")
console.print(f" Description: {tool.get('description', 'N/A')[:80]}{'...' if len(tool.get('description', '')) > 80 else ''}")
init_params = tool.get("init_params_schema", {}).get("properties", {})
if init_params:
required = tool.get("init_params_schema", {}).get("required", [])
console.print(" Init parameters:")
for param_name, param_info in init_params.items():
param_type = param_info.get("type", "any")
is_required = param_name in required
req_marker = "[red]*[/red]" if is_required else ""
default = f" = {param_info['default']}" if "default" in param_info else ""
console.print(f" - {param_name}: {param_type}{default} {req_marker}")
env_vars = tool.get("env_vars", [])
if env_vars:
console.print(" Environment variables:")
for env_var in env_vars:
req_marker = "[red]*[/red]" if env_var.get("required") else ""
default = f" (default: {env_var['default']})" if env_var.get("default") else ""
console.print(f" - {env_var['name']}: {env_var.get('description', 'N/A')}{default} {req_marker}")
console.print()
def _print_current_organization(self) -> None:
settings = Settings()
if settings.org_uuid:

View File

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
from functools import reduce
from collections.abc import Mapping
from functools import lru_cache, reduce
import hashlib
import importlib.util
import inspect
from inspect import getmro, isclass, isfunction, ismethod
import os
from pathlib import Path
@@ -511,3 +514,217 @@ def _print_no_tools_warning() -> None:
" # ... implementation\n"
" return result\n"
)
def extract_tools_metadata(dir_path: str = "src") -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
"""
Extract rich metadata from tool classes in the project.
Returns a list of tool metadata dictionaries containing:
- name: Class name
- humanized_name: From name field default
- description: From description field default
- run_params_schema: JSON Schema for _run() params (from args_schema)
- init_params_schema: JSON Schema for __init__ params (filtered)
- env_vars: List of environment variable dicts
"""
tools_metadata: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
for init_file in Path(dir_path).glob("**/__init__.py"):
tools = _extract_tool_metadata_from_init(init_file)
tools_metadata.extend(tools)
return tools_metadata
def _extract_tool_metadata_from_init(init_file: Path) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
"""
Load module from init file and extract metadata from valid tool classes.
"""
from crewai.tools.base_tool import BaseTool
module_name = f"temp_metadata_{hashlib.md5(str(init_file).encode()).hexdigest()[:8]}"
spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(module_name, init_file)
if not spec or not spec.loader:
return []
module = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
sys.modules[module_name] = module
try:
spec.loader.exec_module(module)
exported_names = getattr(module, "__all__", None)
if not exported_names:
return []
tools_metadata = []
for name in exported_names:
obj = getattr(module, name, None)
if obj is None or not (inspect.isclass(obj) and issubclass(obj, BaseTool)):
continue
if tool_info := _extract_single_tool_metadata(obj):
tools_metadata.append(tool_info)
return tools_metadata
except Exception as e:
console.print(
f"[yellow]Warning: Could not extract metadata from {init_file}: {e}[/yellow]"
)
return []
finally:
sys.modules.pop(module_name, None)
def _extract_single_tool_metadata(tool_class: type) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
"""
Extract metadata from a single tool class.
"""
try:
core_schema = tool_class.__pydantic_core_schema__
if not core_schema:
return None
schema = _unwrap_schema(core_schema)
fields = schema.get("schema", {}).get("fields", {})
try:
file_path = inspect.getfile(tool_class)
relative_path = Path(file_path).relative_to(Path.cwd())
module_path = relative_path.with_suffix("")
if module_path.parts[0] == "src":
module_path = Path(*module_path.parts[1:])
module = ".".join(module_path.parts)
except (TypeError, ValueError):
module = tool_class.__module__
return {
"name": tool_class.__name__,
"module": module,
"humanized_name": _extract_field_default(
fields.get("name"), fallback=tool_class.__name__
),
"description": str(
_extract_field_default(fields.get("description"))
).strip(),
"run_params_schema": _extract_run_params_schema(fields.get("args_schema")),
"init_params_schema": _extract_init_params_schema(tool_class),
"env_vars": _extract_env_vars(fields.get("env_vars")),
}
except Exception:
return None
def _unwrap_schema(schema: Mapping[str, Any] | dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
"""
Unwrap nested schema structures to get to the actual schema definition.
"""
result: dict[str, Any] = dict(schema)
while result.get("type") in {"function-after", "default"} and "schema" in result:
result = dict(result["schema"])
return result
def _extract_field_default(
field: dict[str, Any] | None, fallback: str | list[Any] = ""
) -> str | list[Any] | int:
"""
Extract the default value from a field schema.
"""
if not field:
return fallback
schema = field.get("schema", {})
default = schema.get("default")
return default if isinstance(default, (list, str, int)) else fallback
@lru_cache(maxsize=1)
def _get_schema_generator() -> type:
"""Get a SchemaGenerator that omits non-serializable defaults."""
from pydantic.json_schema import GenerateJsonSchema
from pydantic_core import PydanticOmit
class SchemaGenerator(GenerateJsonSchema):
def handle_invalid_for_json_schema(
self, schema: Any, error_info: Any
) -> dict[str, Any]:
raise PydanticOmit
return SchemaGenerator
def _extract_run_params_schema(args_schema_field: dict[str, Any] | None) -> dict[str, Any]:
"""
Extract JSON Schema for the tool's run parameters from args_schema field.
"""
from pydantic import BaseModel
if not args_schema_field:
return {}
args_schema_class = args_schema_field.get("schema", {}).get("default")
if not (inspect.isclass(args_schema_class) and issubclass(args_schema_class, BaseModel)):
return {}
try:
return args_schema_class.model_json_schema(schema_generator=_get_schema_generator())
except Exception:
return {}
_IGNORED_INIT_PARAMS = frozenset({
"name",
"description",
"env_vars",
"args_schema",
"description_updated",
"cache_function",
"result_as_answer",
"max_usage_count",
"current_usage_count",
"package_dependencies",
})
def _extract_init_params_schema(tool_class: type) -> dict[str, Any]:
"""
Extract JSON Schema for the tool's __init__ parameters, filtering out base fields.
"""
try:
json_schema = tool_class.model_json_schema(
schema_generator=_get_schema_generator(), mode="serialization"
)
json_schema["properties"] = {
key: value
for key, value in json_schema.get("properties", {}).items()
if key not in _IGNORED_INIT_PARAMS
}
return json_schema
except Exception:
return {}
def _extract_env_vars(env_vars_field: dict[str, Any] | None) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
"""
Extract environment variable definitions from env_vars field.
"""
from crewai.tools.base_tool import EnvVar
if not env_vars_field:
return []
return [
{
"name": env_var.name,
"description": env_var.description,
"required": env_var.required,
"default": env_var.default,
}
for env_var in env_vars_field.get("schema", {}).get("default", [])
if isinstance(env_var, EnvVar)
]

View File

@@ -152,6 +152,7 @@ class TestPlusAPI(unittest.TestCase):
"file": encoded_file,
"description": description,
"available_exports": None,
"tools_metadata": None,
}
mock_make_request.assert_called_once_with(
"POST", "/crewai_plus/api/v1/tools", json=params
@@ -190,6 +191,7 @@ class TestPlusAPI(unittest.TestCase):
"file": encoded_file,
"description": description,
"available_exports": None,
"tools_metadata": None,
}
self.assert_request_with_org_id(
@@ -218,6 +220,48 @@ class TestPlusAPI(unittest.TestCase):
"file": encoded_file,
"description": description,
"available_exports": None,
"tools_metadata": None,
}
mock_make_request.assert_called_once_with(
"POST", "/crewai_plus/api/v1/tools", json=params
)
self.assertEqual(response, mock_response)
@patch("crewai.cli.plus_api.PlusAPI._make_request")
def test_publish_tool_with_tools_metadata(self, mock_make_request):
mock_response = MagicMock()
mock_make_request.return_value = mock_response
handle = "test_tool_handle"
public = True
version = "1.0.0"
description = "Test tool description"
encoded_file = "encoded_test_file"
available_exports = [{"name": "MyTool"}]
tools_metadata = [
{
"name": "MyTool",
"humanized_name": "my_tool",
"description": "A test tool",
"run_params_schema": {"type": "object", "properties": {}},
"init_params_schema": {"type": "object", "properties": {}},
"env_vars": [{"name": "API_KEY", "description": "API key", "required": True, "default": None}],
}
]
response = self.api.publish_tool(
handle, public, version, description, encoded_file,
available_exports=available_exports,
tools_metadata=tools_metadata,
)
params = {
"handle": handle,
"public": public,
"version": version,
"file": encoded_file,
"description": description,
"available_exports": available_exports,
"tools_metadata": {"package": handle, "tools": tools_metadata},
}
mock_make_request.assert_called_once_with(
"POST", "/crewai_plus/api/v1/tools", json=params

View File

@@ -363,3 +363,261 @@ def test_get_crews_ignores_template_directories(
utils.get_crews()
assert not template_crew_detected
# Tests for extract_tools_metadata
def test_extract_tools_metadata_empty_project(temp_project_dir):
"""Test that extract_tools_metadata returns empty list for empty project."""
metadata = utils.extract_tools_metadata(dir_path=str(temp_project_dir))
assert metadata == []
def test_extract_tools_metadata_no_init_file(temp_project_dir):
"""Test that extract_tools_metadata returns empty list when no __init__.py exists."""
(temp_project_dir / "some_file.py").write_text("print('hello')")
metadata = utils.extract_tools_metadata(dir_path=str(temp_project_dir))
assert metadata == []
def test_extract_tools_metadata_empty_init_file(temp_project_dir):
"""Test that extract_tools_metadata returns empty list for empty __init__.py."""
create_init_file(temp_project_dir, "")
metadata = utils.extract_tools_metadata(dir_path=str(temp_project_dir))
assert metadata == []
def test_extract_tools_metadata_no_all_variable(temp_project_dir):
"""Test that extract_tools_metadata returns empty list when __all__ is not defined."""
create_init_file(
temp_project_dir,
"from crewai.tools import BaseTool\n\nclass MyTool(BaseTool):\n pass",
)
metadata = utils.extract_tools_metadata(dir_path=str(temp_project_dir))
assert metadata == []
def test_extract_tools_metadata_valid_base_tool_class(temp_project_dir):
"""Test that extract_tools_metadata extracts metadata from a valid BaseTool class."""
create_init_file(
temp_project_dir,
"""from crewai.tools import BaseTool
class MyTool(BaseTool):
name: str = "my_tool"
description: str = "A test tool"
__all__ = ['MyTool']
""",
)
metadata = utils.extract_tools_metadata(dir_path=str(temp_project_dir))
assert len(metadata) == 1
assert metadata[0]["name"] == "MyTool"
assert metadata[0]["humanized_name"] == "my_tool"
assert metadata[0]["description"] == "A test tool"
def test_extract_tools_metadata_with_args_schema(temp_project_dir):
"""Test that extract_tools_metadata extracts run_params_schema from args_schema."""
create_init_file(
temp_project_dir,
"""from crewai.tools import BaseTool
from pydantic import BaseModel
class MyToolInput(BaseModel):
query: str
limit: int = 10
class MyTool(BaseTool):
name: str = "my_tool"
description: str = "A test tool"
args_schema: type[BaseModel] = MyToolInput
__all__ = ['MyTool']
""",
)
metadata = utils.extract_tools_metadata(dir_path=str(temp_project_dir))
assert len(metadata) == 1
assert metadata[0]["name"] == "MyTool"
run_params = metadata[0]["run_params_schema"]
assert "properties" in run_params
assert "query" in run_params["properties"]
assert "limit" in run_params["properties"]
def test_extract_tools_metadata_with_env_vars(temp_project_dir):
"""Test that extract_tools_metadata extracts env_vars."""
create_init_file(
temp_project_dir,
"""from crewai.tools import BaseTool
from crewai.tools.base_tool import EnvVar
class MyTool(BaseTool):
name: str = "my_tool"
description: str = "A test tool"
env_vars: list[EnvVar] = [
EnvVar(name="MY_API_KEY", description="API key for service", required=True),
EnvVar(name="MY_OPTIONAL_VAR", description="Optional var", required=False, default="default_value"),
]
__all__ = ['MyTool']
""",
)
metadata = utils.extract_tools_metadata(dir_path=str(temp_project_dir))
assert len(metadata) == 1
env_vars = metadata[0]["env_vars"]
assert len(env_vars) == 2
assert env_vars[0]["name"] == "MY_API_KEY"
assert env_vars[0]["description"] == "API key for service"
assert env_vars[0]["required"] is True
assert env_vars[1]["name"] == "MY_OPTIONAL_VAR"
assert env_vars[1]["required"] is False
assert env_vars[1]["default"] == "default_value"
def test_extract_tools_metadata_with_custom_init_params(temp_project_dir):
"""Test that extract_tools_metadata extracts init_params_schema with custom params."""
create_init_file(
temp_project_dir,
"""from crewai.tools import BaseTool
class MyTool(BaseTool):
name: str = "my_tool"
description: str = "A test tool"
api_endpoint: str = "https://api.example.com"
timeout: int = 30
__all__ = ['MyTool']
""",
)
metadata = utils.extract_tools_metadata(dir_path=str(temp_project_dir))
assert len(metadata) == 1
init_params = metadata[0]["init_params_schema"]
assert "properties" in init_params
# Custom params should be included
assert "api_endpoint" in init_params["properties"]
assert "timeout" in init_params["properties"]
# Base params should be filtered out
assert "name" not in init_params["properties"]
assert "description" not in init_params["properties"]
def test_extract_tools_metadata_multiple_tools(temp_project_dir):
"""Test that extract_tools_metadata extracts metadata from multiple tools."""
create_init_file(
temp_project_dir,
"""from crewai.tools import BaseTool
class FirstTool(BaseTool):
name: str = "first_tool"
description: str = "First test tool"
class SecondTool(BaseTool):
name: str = "second_tool"
description: str = "Second test tool"
__all__ = ['FirstTool', 'SecondTool']
""",
)
metadata = utils.extract_tools_metadata(dir_path=str(temp_project_dir))
assert len(metadata) == 2
names = [m["name"] for m in metadata]
assert "FirstTool" in names
assert "SecondTool" in names
def test_extract_tools_metadata_multiple_init_files(temp_project_dir):
"""Test that extract_tools_metadata extracts metadata from multiple __init__.py files."""
# Create tool in root __init__.py
create_init_file(
temp_project_dir,
"""from crewai.tools import BaseTool
class RootTool(BaseTool):
name: str = "root_tool"
description: str = "Root tool"
__all__ = ['RootTool']
""",
)
# Create nested package with another tool
nested_dir = temp_project_dir / "nested"
nested_dir.mkdir()
create_init_file(
nested_dir,
"""from crewai.tools import BaseTool
class NestedTool(BaseTool):
name: str = "nested_tool"
description: str = "Nested tool"
__all__ = ['NestedTool']
""",
)
metadata = utils.extract_tools_metadata(dir_path=str(temp_project_dir))
assert len(metadata) == 2
names = [m["name"] for m in metadata]
assert "RootTool" in names
assert "NestedTool" in names
def test_extract_tools_metadata_ignores_non_tool_exports(temp_project_dir):
"""Test that extract_tools_metadata ignores non-BaseTool exports."""
create_init_file(
temp_project_dir,
"""from crewai.tools import BaseTool
class MyTool(BaseTool):
name: str = "my_tool"
description: str = "A test tool"
def not_a_tool():
pass
SOME_CONSTANT = "value"
__all__ = ['MyTool', 'not_a_tool', 'SOME_CONSTANT']
""",
)
metadata = utils.extract_tools_metadata(dir_path=str(temp_project_dir))
assert len(metadata) == 1
assert metadata[0]["name"] == "MyTool"
def test_extract_tools_metadata_import_error_returns_empty(temp_project_dir):
"""Test that extract_tools_metadata returns empty list on import error."""
create_init_file(
temp_project_dir,
"""from nonexistent_module import something
class MyTool(BaseTool):
pass
__all__ = ['MyTool']
""",
)
# Should not raise, just return empty list
metadata = utils.extract_tools_metadata(dir_path=str(temp_project_dir))
assert metadata == []
def test_extract_tools_metadata_syntax_error_returns_empty(temp_project_dir):
"""Test that extract_tools_metadata returns empty list on syntax error."""
create_init_file(
temp_project_dir,
"""from crewai.tools import BaseTool
class MyTool(BaseTool):
# Missing closing parenthesis
def __init__(self, name:
pass
__all__ = ['MyTool']
""",
)
# Should not raise, just return empty list
metadata = utils.extract_tools_metadata(dir_path=str(temp_project_dir))
assert metadata == []

View File

@@ -185,9 +185,14 @@ def test_publish_when_not_in_sync(mock_is_synced, capsys, tool_command):
"crewai.cli.tools.main.extract_available_exports",
return_value=[{"name": "SampleTool"}],
)
@patch(
"crewai.cli.tools.main.extract_tools_metadata",
return_value=[{"name": "SampleTool", "humanized_name": "sample_tool", "description": "A sample tool", "run_params_schema": {}, "init_params_schema": {}, "env_vars": []}],
)
@patch("crewai.cli.tools.main.ToolCommand._print_current_organization")
def test_publish_when_not_in_sync_and_force(
mock_print_org,
mock_tools_metadata,
mock_available_exports,
mock_is_synced,
mock_publish,
@@ -222,6 +227,7 @@ def test_publish_when_not_in_sync_and_force(
description="A sample tool",
encoded_file=unittest.mock.ANY,
available_exports=[{"name": "SampleTool"}],
tools_metadata=[{"name": "SampleTool", "humanized_name": "sample_tool", "description": "A sample tool", "run_params_schema": {}, "init_params_schema": {}, "env_vars": []}],
)
mock_print_org.assert_called_once()
@@ -242,7 +248,12 @@ def test_publish_when_not_in_sync_and_force(
"crewai.cli.tools.main.extract_available_exports",
return_value=[{"name": "SampleTool"}],
)
@patch(
"crewai.cli.tools.main.extract_tools_metadata",
return_value=[{"name": "SampleTool", "humanized_name": "sample_tool", "description": "A sample tool", "run_params_schema": {}, "init_params_schema": {}, "env_vars": []}],
)
def test_publish_success(
mock_tools_metadata,
mock_available_exports,
mock_is_synced,
mock_publish,
@@ -277,6 +288,7 @@ def test_publish_success(
description="A sample tool",
encoded_file=unittest.mock.ANY,
available_exports=[{"name": "SampleTool"}],
tools_metadata=[{"name": "SampleTool", "humanized_name": "sample_tool", "description": "A sample tool", "run_params_schema": {}, "init_params_schema": {}, "env_vars": []}],
)
@@ -295,7 +307,12 @@ def test_publish_success(
"crewai.cli.tools.main.extract_available_exports",
return_value=[{"name": "SampleTool"}],
)
@patch(
"crewai.cli.tools.main.extract_tools_metadata",
return_value=[{"name": "SampleTool", "humanized_name": "sample_tool", "description": "A sample tool", "run_params_schema": {}, "init_params_schema": {}, "env_vars": []}],
)
def test_publish_failure(
mock_tools_metadata,
mock_available_exports,
mock_publish,
mock_open,
@@ -336,7 +353,12 @@ def test_publish_failure(
"crewai.cli.tools.main.extract_available_exports",
return_value=[{"name": "SampleTool"}],
)
@patch(
"crewai.cli.tools.main.extract_tools_metadata",
return_value=[{"name": "SampleTool", "humanized_name": "sample_tool", "description": "A sample tool", "run_params_schema": {}, "init_params_schema": {}, "env_vars": []}],
)
def test_publish_api_error(
mock_tools_metadata,
mock_available_exports,
mock_publish,
mock_open,
@@ -362,6 +384,39 @@ def test_publish_api_error(
mock_publish.assert_called_once()
@patch("crewai.cli.tools.main.get_project_name", return_value="sample-tool")
@patch("crewai.cli.tools.main.get_project_version", return_value="1.0.0")
@patch("crewai.cli.tools.main.get_project_description", return_value="A sample tool")
@patch("crewai.cli.tools.main.git.Repository.is_synced", return_value=True)
@patch(
"crewai.cli.tools.main.extract_available_exports",
return_value=[{"name": "SampleTool"}],
)
@patch(
"crewai.cli.tools.main.extract_tools_metadata",
side_effect=Exception("Failed to extract metadata"),
)
def test_publish_metadata_extraction_failure_continues_with_warning(
mock_tools_metadata,
mock_available_exports,
mock_is_synced,
mock_get_project_description,
mock_get_project_version,
mock_get_project_name,
capsys,
tool_command,
):
"""Test that metadata extraction failure shows warning but continues publishing."""
try:
tool_command.publish(is_public=True)
except SystemExit:
pass # May fail later due to API mock, but should get past metadata extraction
output = capsys.readouterr().out
assert "Warning: Could not extract tool metadata" in output
assert "Publishing will continue without detailed metadata" in output
assert "No tool metadata extracted" in output
@patch("crewai.cli.tools.main.Settings")
def test_print_current_organization_with_org(mock_settings, capsys, tool_command):
mock_settings_instance = MagicMock()