Implement flow.state_utils.to_string method and improve types (#2161)

src/crewai/flow/state_utils.py

@@ -1,12 +1,18 @@
+import json
 from datetime import date, datetime
-from typing import Any
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Union
 
 from pydantic import BaseModel
 
 from crewai.flow import Flow
 
+SerializablePrimitive = Union[str, int, float, bool, None]
+Serializable = Union[
+    SerializablePrimitive, List["Serializable"], Dict[str, "Serializable"]
+]
 
-def export_state(flow: Flow) -> dict[str, Any]:
+
+def export_state(flow: Flow) -> dict[str, Serializable]:
     """Exports the Flow's internal state as JSON-compatible data structures.
 
     Performs a one-way transformation of a Flow's state into basic Python types
@@ -20,10 +26,27 @@ def export_state(flow: Flow) -> dict[str, Any]:
         dict[str, Any]: The transformed state using JSON-compatible Python
             types.
     """
-    return _to_serializable(flow._state)
+    result = to_serializable(flow._state)
+    assert isinstance(result, dict)
+    return result
 
 
-def _to_serializable(obj: Any, max_depth: int = 5, _current_depth: int = 0) -> Any:
+def to_serializable(
+    obj: Any, max_depth: int = 5, _current_depth: int = 0
+) -> Serializable:
+    """Converts a Python object into a JSON-compatible representation.
+
+    Supports primitives, datetime objects, collections, dictionaries, and
+    Pydantic models. Recursion depth is limited to prevent infinite nesting.
+    Non-convertible objects default to their string representations.
+
+    Args:
+        obj (Any): Object to transform.
+        max_depth (int, optional): Maximum recursion depth. Defaults to 5.
+
+    Returns:
+        Serializable: A JSON-compatible structure.
+    """
     if _current_depth >= max_depth:
         return repr(obj)
 
@@ -32,16 +55,16 @@ def _to_serializable(obj: Any, max_depth: int = 5, _current_depth: int = 0) -> A
     elif isinstance(obj, (date, datetime)):
         return obj.isoformat()
     elif isinstance(obj, (list, tuple, set)):
-        return [_to_serializable(item, max_depth, _current_depth + 1) for item in obj]
+        return [to_serializable(item, max_depth, _current_depth + 1) for item in obj]
     elif isinstance(obj, dict):
         return {
-            _to_serializable_key(key): _to_serializable(
+            _to_serializable_key(key): to_serializable(
                 value, max_depth, _current_depth + 1
             )
             for key, value in obj.items()
         }
     elif isinstance(obj, BaseModel):
-        return _to_serializable(obj.model_dump(), max_depth, _current_depth + 1)
+        return to_serializable(obj.model_dump(), max_depth, _current_depth + 1)
     else:
         return repr(obj)
 
@@ -50,3 +73,19 @@ def _to_serializable_key(key: Any) -> str:
     if isinstance(key, (str, int)):
         return str(key)
     return f"key_{id(key)}_{repr(key)}"
+
+
+def to_string(obj: Any) -> str | None:
+    """Serializes an object into a JSON string.
+
+    Args:
+        obj (Any): Object to serialize.
+
+    Returns:
+        str | None: A JSON-formatted string or `None` if empty.
+    """
+    serializable = to_serializable(obj)
+    if serializable is None:
+        return None
+    else:
+        return json.dumps(serializable)

tests/flow/test_state_utils.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import pytest
 from pydantic import BaseModel
 
 from crewai.flow import Flow
-from crewai.flow.state_utils import export_state
+from crewai.flow.state_utils import export_state, to_string
 
 
 class Address(BaseModel):
@@ -119,16 +119,10 @@ def test_pydantic_model_serialization(mock_flow):
     )
 
     result = export_state(flow)
-
+    assert (
-    assert result["single_model"]["street"] == "123 Main St"
+        to_string(result)
-
+        == '{"single_model": {"street": "123 Main St", "city": "Tech City", "country": "Pythonia"}, "nested_model": {"name": "John Doe", "age": 30, "address": {"street": "123 Main St", "city": "Tech City", "country": "Pythonia"}, "birthday": "1994-01-01", "skills": ["Python", "Testing"]}, "model_list": [{"street": "123 Main St", "city": "Tech City", "country": "Pythonia"}, {"street": "123 Main St", "city": "Tech City", "country": "Pythonia"}], "model_dict": {"home": {"street": "123 Main St", "city": "Tech City", "country": "Pythonia"}}}'
-    assert result["nested_model"]["name"] == "John Doe"
+    )
-    assert result["nested_model"]["address"]["city"] == "Tech City"
-    assert result["nested_model"]["birthday"] == "1994-01-01"
-
-    assert len(result["model_list"]) == 2
-    assert all(m["street"] == "123 Main St" for m in result["model_list"])
-    assert result["model_dict"]["home"]["city"] == "Tech City"
 
 
 def test_depth_limit(mock_flow):