diff --git a/lib/crewai-tools/src/crewai_tools/security/safe_path.py b/lib/crewai-tools/src/crewai_tools/security/safe_path.py
index 6b9a3a1c9..481547f9a 100644
--- a/lib/crewai-tools/src/crewai_tools/security/safe_path.py
+++ b/lib/crewai-tools/src/crewai_tools/security/safe_path.py
@@ -40,23 +40,50 @@ def _get_allowed_roots(
     is compared by its real location. Empty entries are ignored and duplicates
     are collapsed while preserving order. The first element is always the
     primary root used to resolve relative candidate paths.
+
+    The filesystem root (``os.sep``, e.g. ``"/"``) is never accepted as an
+    *implicitly defaulted* root. When ``base_dir`` is not supplied and the
+    current working directory is ``/`` -- common in containers started without
+    a ``WORKDIR`` -- defaulting to it would make every absolute path "within"
+    the allow-list and disable confinement entirely. In that case the cwd
+    default is dropped; an operator who genuinely wants the whole filesystem
+    must opt in explicitly via ``base_dir``, ``allowed_dirs``, or
+    ``CREWAI_TOOLS_ALLOWED_DIRS``. If no usable root remains, a ``ValueError``
+    is raised rather than silently allowing everything.
     """
-    raw_roots: list[str] = [base_dir if base_dir is not None else os.getcwd()]
+    primary_explicit = base_dir is not None
+    primary = base_dir if base_dir is not None else os.getcwd()
+
+    # (root, is_explicit) -- explicit roots are operator-provided and may
+    # legitimately include the filesystem root as an opt-in.
+    raw_roots: list[tuple[str, bool]] = [(primary, primary_explicit)]
 
     env_dirs = os.environ.get(_ALLOWED_DIRS_ENV, "")
     if env_dirs:
-        raw_roots.extend(d for d in env_dirs.split(os.pathsep) if d)
+        raw_roots.extend((d, True) for d in env_dirs.split(os.pathsep) if d)
 
     if allowed_dirs:
-        raw_roots.extend(d for d in allowed_dirs if d)
+        raw_roots.extend((d, True) for d in allowed_dirs if d)
 
     resolved: list[str] = []
     seen: set[str] = set()
-    for root in raw_roots:
+    for root, is_explicit in raw_roots:
         real = os.path.realpath(root)
+        if real == os.sep and not is_explicit:
+            # Refuse to let an unconfigured cwd of "/" open the whole filesystem.
+            continue
         if real not in seen:
             seen.add(real)
             resolved.append(real)
+
+    if not resolved:
+        raise ValueError(
+            "No safe allowed directory could be determined: the current working "
+            f"directory is the filesystem root ('{os.sep}'). Set "
+            f"{_ALLOWED_DIRS_ENV} to an explicit directory, pass "
+            f"base_dir/allowed_dirs, or set {_UNSAFE_PATHS_ENV}=true to bypass "
+            "path validation."
+        )
     return resolved
 
 
diff --git a/lib/crewai-tools/tests/utilities/test_safe_path.py b/lib/crewai-tools/tests/utilities/test_safe_path.py
index ae88fa181..65b24d117 100644
--- a/lib/crewai-tools/tests/utilities/test_safe_path.py
+++ b/lib/crewai-tools/tests/utilities/test_safe_path.py
@@ -250,3 +250,36 @@ class TestAllowList:
         assert validate_file_path(str(b / "fb.txt"), base_dir=str(base)) == str(
             b / "fb.txt"
         )
+
+    def test_cwd_root_default_is_not_an_allowed_root(self, tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+        """An unconfigured cwd of '/' must not open the whole filesystem.
+
+        Regression for the deny-by-default allow-list silently defaulting to the
+        filesystem root in containers started without a WORKDIR.
+        """
+        monkeypatch.delenv("CREWAI_TOOLS_ALLOWED_DIRS", raising=False)
+        monkeypatch.delenv("CREWAI_TOOLS_ALLOW_UNSAFE_PATHS", raising=False)
+        monkeypatch.setattr(os, "getcwd", lambda: os.sep)
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="filesystem root"):
+            validate_file_path("/etc/passwd")
+
+    def test_cwd_root_with_explicit_allowed_dirs_confines(
+        self, tmp_path, monkeypatch
+    ):
+        """With cwd '/', confinement falls back to the explicit allow-list."""
+        monkeypatch.delenv("CREWAI_TOOLS_ALLOWED_DIRS", raising=False)
+        monkeypatch.setattr(os, "getcwd", lambda: os.sep)
+        (tmp_path / "data.txt").touch()
+        assert validate_file_path(
+            str(tmp_path / "data.txt"), allowed_dirs=[str(tmp_path)]
+        ) == str(tmp_path / "data.txt")
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="outside the allowed directories"):
+            validate_file_path("/etc/passwd", allowed_dirs=[str(tmp_path)])
+
+    def test_explicit_base_dir_root_is_opt_in(self, monkeypatch):
+        """An explicit base_dir of '/' is honored as a deliberate opt-in."""
+        monkeypatch.delenv("CREWAI_TOOLS_ALLOWED_DIRS", raising=False)
+        monkeypatch.delenv("CREWAI_TOOLS_ALLOW_UNSAFE_PATHS", raising=False)
+        assert validate_file_path("/etc/passwd", base_dir=os.sep) == os.path.realpath(
+            "/etc/passwd"
+        )